The growth of the organic industry is no longer confined to the East and West Coasts, as organic ... more The growth of the organic industry is no longer confined to the East and West Coasts, as organic production and processing is booming in the Midwest as well. In Iowa alone, for example, there are over 100,000 acres in organic production farmed by over 500 ...
Organic agriculture has expanded to a $13 billion industry in the United States in 2005, continui... more Organic agriculture has expanded to a $13 billion industry in the United States in 2005, continuing the nearly decade-long trend of 20% annual growth. Despite the growth in organic agriculture, our scientific knowledge of organic agriculture farming systems remains limited. Interest in sustainable and organic education at the university level has increased in recent years. To help address this need, the Iowa State University Graduate Program in Sustainable Agriculture (GPSA) was established in 2001 to meet three principal objectives: 1) provide students with the analytical and problem-solving skills required to meet the challenges confronting agriculture in the 21st century; 2) develop an innovative interdisciplinary and interdepartmental approach to graduate education; and 3) position Iowa State University at the forefront of institutions conducting research and extending knowledge about sustainable agricultural systems. As of 2004, more than 70 faculty from various departments and...
Organic farming has increased to a $4.2 billion industry in the U.S. and continues to expand ≈20%... more Organic farming has increased to a $4.2 billion industry in the U.S. and continues to expand ≈20% annually. In Iowa alone, organic acreage for all crops has increased from 13,000 in 1995 to 120,000 in 1998. Organic farmers have requested an unbiased analysis of natural soil amendments/fertilizers and compost products on the market for certified organic vegetable and herb production. In our first-year trials at the ISU Muscatine Island Research Farm in 1998, a total of 1,120 `Hungarian wax' pepper plants were transplanted into rows at 31 × 61-cm spacing. Four replications of seven fertilization treatments were planted within the field. The goal of the fertilization program was to obtain equivalent nitrogen and calcium rates in the organic and conventional systems. Leaf height was not significantly different in plants fertilized with organic compost (poultry litter-based) at 50 and 100 kg/ha N compared with conventional fertilizers (at 100 kg/ha N). All organic and conventional tr...
Over the last several decades, agriculture in industrialized countries experienced a significant ... more Over the last several decades, agriculture in industrialized countries experienced a significant intensification as a result of the diffusion of mechanization, the widespread use of genetically improved genotypes, and the large-scale use of off-farm inputs, mainly in the form of fossil fuel energy and synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Under the pressure of the growing agro-industrial sector, which has been oriented to promote models based on large volumes and long-distance supply chains, intensification was accompanied by progressive specialization of farms and cropping systems (Ratnadass et al., 2012). Indeed, the reduction of diversity at the field, farm, and territory level, a result of a low number of crops, the shortening of crop rotations, and a decrease in the number of cultivated genotypes, is becoming evident in many agro-environments in developed countries.
6 Organic Grains, Oilseeds, and Other Specialty Crops Kathleen Delate Department of Agronomy and ... more 6 Organic Grains, Oilseeds, and Other Specialty Crops Kathleen Delate Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames ... Known in the trade as Pura-Maize (Hoegemeyer Hybrids, Inc., Hooper, NE), this strategy has received little research attention on its ...
Emphasis on reducing emissions from the greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxi... more Emphasis on reducing emissions from the greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) has increased in recent years in the USA, primarily for industry, transportation, energy and agricultural sectors. In this study, we utilized on-farm data collected by the USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), secured under an agreement with the USDA-Economic Research Service (ERS) to analyze the profitability of organic and conventional soybean production, based on changes that ‘green payments’ in a cap-and-trade system would introduce in agricultural markets in the USA. In particular, the analysis focused on establishing whether organic producers would be better positioned to sequester carbon (C) and reap the benefits of the C-offset scheme compared to conventional producers, given the differences in costs, management practices and environmental benefits between organic and conventional production...
Summary In 1997, Iowa State University established the first US Land Grant University permanent f... more Summary In 1997, Iowa State University established the first US Land Grant University permanent faculty position in organic agriculture to assist farmers in the rapid expansion of organic production in that state. Research agendas, developed in consultation with ...
Research was conducted in a certified organic apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) orchard in 2000 to... more Research was conducted in a certified organic apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) orchard in 2000 to determine the effect of organic pest management techniques on pest control, apple yields and microbial populations on harvested apples. In Experiment I, apple colouring bags, sticky red spheres, kaolin particle film, kaolin particle film plus sticky red spheres, or colouring bags plus sticky red spheres were applied to Redfree, Jonafree, and Liberty apple trees in a split-plot design. Insects and diseases were sampled in the control and kaolin particle film treatments. Apple yields and insect damage ratings at harvest were determined for all treatments. There was a significant treatment x cultivar interaction related to insect damage on apples. Insect and disease damage ratings throughout the growing season and at harvest were lowest in Jonafree trees treated with kaolin particle film or colouring bags. There was no effect of treatment on beneficial insects during the growing season. Ma...
As organic agriculture continues to grow, pressure from students and the public to develop novel ... more As organic agriculture continues to grow, pressure from students and the public to develop novel curricula to address specific needs of this sector of agriculture also will increase. More students from the cities and with limited background in production agriculture are enrolling in agricultural programs with special interest in organic production. This new student population is demanding new curricula based on a better understanding of agroecology principles and more experiential training. Several universities throughout the nation have engaged in a profound curriculum transformation to satisfy the emerging need of students in organic production. This workshop was organized to bring together experts that are working on different organic and sustainable agriculture curricula throughout the country to share their experiences and lessons learned. Most of these curricula include a traditional classroom teaching component, a major experiential component, a student farm for hands-on expe...
The growth of the organic industry is no longer confined to the East and West Coasts, as organic ... more The growth of the organic industry is no longer confined to the East and West Coasts, as organic production and processing is booming in the Midwest as well. In Iowa alone, for example, there are over 100,000 acres in organic production farmed by over 500 ...
Organic agriculture has expanded to a $13 billion industry in the United States in 2005, continui... more Organic agriculture has expanded to a $13 billion industry in the United States in 2005, continuing the nearly decade-long trend of 20% annual growth. Despite the growth in organic agriculture, our scientific knowledge of organic agriculture farming systems remains limited. Interest in sustainable and organic education at the university level has increased in recent years. To help address this need, the Iowa State University Graduate Program in Sustainable Agriculture (GPSA) was established in 2001 to meet three principal objectives: 1) provide students with the analytical and problem-solving skills required to meet the challenges confronting agriculture in the 21st century; 2) develop an innovative interdisciplinary and interdepartmental approach to graduate education; and 3) position Iowa State University at the forefront of institutions conducting research and extending knowledge about sustainable agricultural systems. As of 2004, more than 70 faculty from various departments and...
Organic farming has increased to a $4.2 billion industry in the U.S. and continues to expand ≈20%... more Organic farming has increased to a $4.2 billion industry in the U.S. and continues to expand ≈20% annually. In Iowa alone, organic acreage for all crops has increased from 13,000 in 1995 to 120,000 in 1998. Organic farmers have requested an unbiased analysis of natural soil amendments/fertilizers and compost products on the market for certified organic vegetable and herb production. In our first-year trials at the ISU Muscatine Island Research Farm in 1998, a total of 1,120 `Hungarian wax' pepper plants were transplanted into rows at 31 × 61-cm spacing. Four replications of seven fertilization treatments were planted within the field. The goal of the fertilization program was to obtain equivalent nitrogen and calcium rates in the organic and conventional systems. Leaf height was not significantly different in plants fertilized with organic compost (poultry litter-based) at 50 and 100 kg/ha N compared with conventional fertilizers (at 100 kg/ha N). All organic and conventional tr...
Over the last several decades, agriculture in industrialized countries experienced a significant ... more Over the last several decades, agriculture in industrialized countries experienced a significant intensification as a result of the diffusion of mechanization, the widespread use of genetically improved genotypes, and the large-scale use of off-farm inputs, mainly in the form of fossil fuel energy and synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Under the pressure of the growing agro-industrial sector, which has been oriented to promote models based on large volumes and long-distance supply chains, intensification was accompanied by progressive specialization of farms and cropping systems (Ratnadass et al., 2012). Indeed, the reduction of diversity at the field, farm, and territory level, a result of a low number of crops, the shortening of crop rotations, and a decrease in the number of cultivated genotypes, is becoming evident in many agro-environments in developed countries.
6 Organic Grains, Oilseeds, and Other Specialty Crops Kathleen Delate Department of Agronomy and ... more 6 Organic Grains, Oilseeds, and Other Specialty Crops Kathleen Delate Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames ... Known in the trade as Pura-Maize (Hoegemeyer Hybrids, Inc., Hooper, NE), this strategy has received little research attention on its ...
Emphasis on reducing emissions from the greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxi... more Emphasis on reducing emissions from the greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) has increased in recent years in the USA, primarily for industry, transportation, energy and agricultural sectors. In this study, we utilized on-farm data collected by the USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), secured under an agreement with the USDA-Economic Research Service (ERS) to analyze the profitability of organic and conventional soybean production, based on changes that ‘green payments’ in a cap-and-trade system would introduce in agricultural markets in the USA. In particular, the analysis focused on establishing whether organic producers would be better positioned to sequester carbon (C) and reap the benefits of the C-offset scheme compared to conventional producers, given the differences in costs, management practices and environmental benefits between organic and conventional production...
Summary In 1997, Iowa State University established the first US Land Grant University permanent f... more Summary In 1997, Iowa State University established the first US Land Grant University permanent faculty position in organic agriculture to assist farmers in the rapid expansion of organic production in that state. Research agendas, developed in consultation with ...
Research was conducted in a certified organic apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) orchard in 2000 to... more Research was conducted in a certified organic apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) orchard in 2000 to determine the effect of organic pest management techniques on pest control, apple yields and microbial populations on harvested apples. In Experiment I, apple colouring bags, sticky red spheres, kaolin particle film, kaolin particle film plus sticky red spheres, or colouring bags plus sticky red spheres were applied to Redfree, Jonafree, and Liberty apple trees in a split-plot design. Insects and diseases were sampled in the control and kaolin particle film treatments. Apple yields and insect damage ratings at harvest were determined for all treatments. There was a significant treatment x cultivar interaction related to insect damage on apples. Insect and disease damage ratings throughout the growing season and at harvest were lowest in Jonafree trees treated with kaolin particle film or colouring bags. There was no effect of treatment on beneficial insects during the growing season. Ma...
As organic agriculture continues to grow, pressure from students and the public to develop novel ... more As organic agriculture continues to grow, pressure from students and the public to develop novel curricula to address specific needs of this sector of agriculture also will increase. More students from the cities and with limited background in production agriculture are enrolling in agricultural programs with special interest in organic production. This new student population is demanding new curricula based on a better understanding of agroecology principles and more experiential training. Several universities throughout the nation have engaged in a profound curriculum transformation to satisfy the emerging need of students in organic production. This workshop was organized to bring together experts that are working on different organic and sustainable agriculture curricula throughout the country to share their experiences and lessons learned. Most of these curricula include a traditional classroom teaching component, a major experiential component, a student farm for hands-on expe...
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