Lupercalia
Lupercalia adalah perayaan tahunan pastoral yang sangat kuno, mungkin pra-Romawi,[2] yang dirayakan di kota Roma pada 15 Februari, untuk melawan roh-roh jahat dan memurnikan kota, memberikan kesehatan dan kesuburan. Lupercalia juga disebut "dies Februatus" yang menjadi cikal bakal dari nama bulan Februari (Februarius).
| Lupercalia | |
|---|---|
 Lupercalia tampaknya berasal dari kata lupus, "serigala," meskipun etimologi dan signifikansinya samar[1] (kepala serigala perunggu, abad ke-1 M) | |
| Dirayakan oleh | Kerajaan Romawi, Republik Romawi, Kekaisaran Romawi |
| Jenis | Agama Romawi Klasik |
| Perayaan | perayaan |
| Kegiatan | penyucian kambing dan anjing oleh Luperci; persembahan kue oleh bangsa Vestal; upacara kesuburan dimana Luperci bermula kambing menyerang wanita yang berharap untuk rujuk |
| Tanggal | 15 Februari |
Referensi
suntingKutipan
sunting- ^ H.H. Scullard, Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic (Cornell University Press, 1981), p. 77–78.
- ^
Satu atau lebih kalimat sebelum ini menyertakan teks dari suatu terbitan yang sekarang berada pada ranah publik: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Lupercalia". Encyclopædia Britannica. 17 (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 126.
Daftar pustaka
sunting- A. M. Franklin, The Lupercalia (doctoral dissertation, 1921, 102pp.)
- Green, William M. (January 1931). "The Lupercalia in the Fifth Century". Classical Philology. 26 (1): 60–69. doi:10.1086/361308. Diakses tanggal 2008-01-26.
- Liebler, Naomi Conn (1988). The Ritual Ground of Julius Caesar.
- Pauly-Wissowa
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Beard, Mary; North, John; Price, Simon. Religions of Rome: A History. Cambridge University Press, 1998, vol. 1, limited preview online; search "Lupercalia."
- Lincoln, Bruce. Authority: Construction and Corrosion. University of Chicago Press, 1994, pp. 43–44 online on Julius Caesar and the politicizing of the Lupercalia; valuable list of sources pp. 182–183.
- North, John. Roman Religion. The Classical Association, 2000, pp. 47 online and 50 on the problems of interpreting evidence for the Lupercalia.
- Markus, R.A. The End of Ancient Christianity. Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp. 131–134 online, on the continued celebration of the Lupercalia among "uninhibited Christians" into the 5th century, and the reasons for the "brutal intervention" by Pope Gelasius.
- Rissanen, Mika. The Hirpi Sorani and the Wolf Cults of Central Italy. Arctos 46 (2012), pp. 115–135, on the common elements between the Lupercalia and other wolf cults of Central Italy.
- Vuković, Krešimir "Roman Myth and Ritual: the Groups of Luperci and Epigraphic Evidence" 78 (2016): 43-52.
- Vuković, Krešimir "The Topography of the Lupercalia", in The Papers of the British School at Rome 86 (2018): 1-24.
- Wiseman, T.P. "The Lupercalia." In Remus: A Roman Myth. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1995, pp. 77–88, limited preview online, discussion of the Lupercalia in the context of myth and ritual.
- Wiseman, T.P. "The God of the Lupercal," in Idem, Unwritten Rome. Exeter, University of Exeter Press, 2008.
- Gardner, Constance "Lupercalia"