Im a simple guy who likes to gain knowledge especially in High-speed serial Signal, Singal Integrity, how science works and Islamic studies. It just fuel me up for a better day tomorrow. It also leads me to be humble and we need Allah to be our guidance. Address: Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
The objective of this paper is to investigate diverse methodologies for compensating noise in PAM... more The objective of this paper is to investigate diverse methodologies for compensating noise in PAM-4 jitter measurements. Specifically, we aim to identify the impact of measurement equipment, such as signal generators and oscilloscopes, on the jitter profile of the device under test. The non-uniform influence of vertical noise on PAM-4 signals edges, caused by varying slew rates, may result in random jitter impacts across different PAM-4 transitions. Therefore, it is crucial to account for this impact to ensure accurate jitter estimation and measurement for PAM-4 devices. In summary, this work underscores the significance of precisely compensating for any substantial contribution from measurement devices and equipment to guarantee dependable PAM-4 jitter measurements.
This paper presents an advanced methodology for extrapolating the Bit Error Rate (BER) up to BER ... more This paper presents an advanced methodology for extrapolating the Bit Error Rate (BER) up to BER E-15 during receiver jitter tolerance testing. The methodology incorporates the utilization of jmp tool software for data post-processing, facilitating the determination of the required slope to achieve the target BER. The study specifically concentrates on the data rates ranging from 16 Gbps to 32 Gbps, adopting the Non Return Zero (NRZ) mode, and conducting evaluations on the margins of UX IP at the 12.65 process node. The research outcomes not only demonstrate the margin of UX IP but also provide comprehensive insights into its performance, offering an effective statistical extrapolation approach through the utilization of jmp tools. The overall efficiency gain achieved amounts to 50%, demonstrating significant improvements in BER extrapolation techniques for engineers.
ABSTRACT: This report introduces the scattering parameter concept from two perspectives. First, t... more ABSTRACT: This report introduces the scattering parameter concept from two perspectives. First, the scattering parameters are shown to be an effective vehicle for characterizing the high frequency I/O characteristics of two port networks. Such measurement effectiveness ...
COM (Channel Operating Margin) was initially adopted in the IEEE802.3bj standard. The intent is t... more COM (Channel Operating Margin) was initially adopted in the IEEE802.3bj standard. The intent is to qualify a high speed serial channel in the context of a specification. The analysis is expected to be fast and efficient, utilizing transmitter and receiver specification parameters. This is in contrast to time-domain bit-by-bit simulations that require both high quality device models and a long running time. This paper focuses on the following six areas, with the emphasis on PAM4 signaling: (1) COM sampling time determination and its impact on channel margin (2) DFE tap coefficient impact on link error propagation and FEC CG (3) Jitter treatment and its impact on the accuracy in predicting COM (4) TX output signal level separation mismatch and how it is treated (5) CTLE implementation discussion and its implications for COM (6) COM margin computation and COM pass/fail criteria discussions The first goal of the paper is to provide the very basics for the beginners of COM. The second goal is to bring adequate attention to the COM community so that the computed results for PAM4 channels can be better interpreted and link margin assessment decisions can be more properly made without being too optimistic or too pessimistic for PAM4 systems in which FEC is mandatory.
This report introduces the scattering parameter concept from two perspectives. First, the scatter... more This report introduces the scattering parameter concept from two perspectives. First, the scattering parameters are shown to be an effective vehicle for characterizing the high frequency I/O characteristics of two port networks. Such measurement effectiveness derives from the fact that scattering parameter measurements obviate problems invariably incurred at very high frequencies by the actions of either short-circuiting or open circuiting network ports. The second perspective is the utility of scattering analyses in the design of lossless two port filters, which are fundamental to modern communication systems.
This specification defines: the electrical and optical connectors, electrical signals and power s... more This specification defines: the electrical and optical connectors, electrical signals and power supplies, mechanical and thermal requirements of the pluggable QSFP Double Density (QSFP-DD) module, connector and cage system. This document provides a common specification for systems manufacturers, system integrators, and suppliers of modules.
This paper explain about the basic receiver equalization that apply on high speed serial signal. ... more This paper explain about the basic receiver equalization that apply on high speed serial signal. It will touch the high speed signal equalization feature that reside in receiver analog at low and high data rate. It also discuss the equalization implementation at high data rates such as 56Gbps and 112 Gbps applications.
The abstract explain about the definition of effective return loss (ERL) and the impacts on the t... more The abstract explain about the definition of effective return loss (ERL) and the impacts on the transmission system.This paper explain the need of having this metric system in transmission line analysis.
This paper describes the fundamentals of electrical validation. It describes the Jitter generati... more This paper describes the fundamentals of electrical validation. It describes the Jitter generation test and some fundamental units. This paper introduced the opener of electrical validation world.
This paper discussed about how i attain focus in my career. It seems vital for anyone of us to ha... more This paper discussed about how i attain focus in my career. It seems vital for anyone of us to have a focus mind when we do our own work. This is to achieve optimum time to use our mind to complete the work. I have been trying to have a focus mind so that i can understand complex matters and able to solve it. I want to share my experience of having a focus mind and the wonders it can do to us. I may not be the best example, but this sharing Will make us a better focus mind in this overloading information world.
This is a text speech on " Our House is on fire1" 1. The Speech Text Speech: Greetings, At the mo... more This is a text speech on " Our House is on fire1" 1. The Speech Text Speech: Greetings, At the moment we are living in the 20th centuries. The 19th and past centuries we were colonized and many world wars occurred that caused people's live around the world. The wars had caused the the technology evolution to a better form in the form of fire arms, ships, air planes and even communications. Still, small wars are still occurred in the word of genocide, fugitives and out break diseases. Yet, people are still being ignorant on 1 crisis. The crisis is our planet. The scientist and the experts are telling us that the planet is going through a crisis that is called Global Warming. The data and statistics of co2 emissions are increasing rapidly. The cry out from the 3rd world countries on having a serous commitment from reduce Co2 emissions are loud. So what can we do about it. ? We knew that this is coming in the future. Even the solutions are there. There were thousands of papers and solutions to reduce the emissions and yet we are still being ignorant. Maybe we will only take actions when we are choking out of breath. The recent open burning by our neighbors Indonesia and Australia recently should open our eyes that Oxygen is very important to us. One day im sure someone will develop an application just to know the air pollution index and to check the water quality that we want to consume.So i think you can get the money out of it. On the facts i provided, i believe we should be scared an we got to something about it. The most essential thing is we need to do right now in this room is to recognize the crisis is a crisis. We need to acknowledge the crisis in ourselves. Its real and its coming wether you like it or not. We need to internalize in our mind, the global warming, the Co2 emission, the open fire, the pollution and whatever the name is. We need to stop it!. We need to reduce the co2 emissions by hook or by crook. The scientist urge us to reduce the 50% of co2 emissions. But this is their estimations and we as human being must go beyonds it. At international levels, each country must pledge to the comitment to reduce the co2 emissions. They need to account the co2 emissions for each development that is undertake. This should be the yard stick from now on. Co2 emissions must be part of the Economy growth for each country. I have talked about 2 key factors that are critical. 1st is to recgnize the crisis. 2nd at international level, we must put co2 emission is part of the economy growth and this will make people to pledge and commit to reduce the co2 emission. Remember, our house is on fire. references References Appendix A.
The objective of this paper is to investigate diverse methodologies for compensating noise in PAM... more The objective of this paper is to investigate diverse methodologies for compensating noise in PAM-4 jitter measurements. Specifically, we aim to identify the impact of measurement equipment, such as signal generators and oscilloscopes, on the jitter profile of the device under test. The non-uniform influence of vertical noise on PAM-4 signals edges, caused by varying slew rates, may result in random jitter impacts across different PAM-4 transitions. Therefore, it is crucial to account for this impact to ensure accurate jitter estimation and measurement for PAM-4 devices. In summary, this work underscores the significance of precisely compensating for any substantial contribution from measurement devices and equipment to guarantee dependable PAM-4 jitter measurements.
This paper presents an advanced methodology for extrapolating the Bit Error Rate (BER) up to BER ... more This paper presents an advanced methodology for extrapolating the Bit Error Rate (BER) up to BER E-15 during receiver jitter tolerance testing. The methodology incorporates the utilization of jmp tool software for data post-processing, facilitating the determination of the required slope to achieve the target BER. The study specifically concentrates on the data rates ranging from 16 Gbps to 32 Gbps, adopting the Non Return Zero (NRZ) mode, and conducting evaluations on the margins of UX IP at the 12.65 process node. The research outcomes not only demonstrate the margin of UX IP but also provide comprehensive insights into its performance, offering an effective statistical extrapolation approach through the utilization of jmp tools. The overall efficiency gain achieved amounts to 50%, demonstrating significant improvements in BER extrapolation techniques for engineers.
ABSTRACT: This report introduces the scattering parameter concept from two perspectives. First, t... more ABSTRACT: This report introduces the scattering parameter concept from two perspectives. First, the scattering parameters are shown to be an effective vehicle for characterizing the high frequency I/O characteristics of two port networks. Such measurement effectiveness ...
COM (Channel Operating Margin) was initially adopted in the IEEE802.3bj standard. The intent is t... more COM (Channel Operating Margin) was initially adopted in the IEEE802.3bj standard. The intent is to qualify a high speed serial channel in the context of a specification. The analysis is expected to be fast and efficient, utilizing transmitter and receiver specification parameters. This is in contrast to time-domain bit-by-bit simulations that require both high quality device models and a long running time. This paper focuses on the following six areas, with the emphasis on PAM4 signaling: (1) COM sampling time determination and its impact on channel margin (2) DFE tap coefficient impact on link error propagation and FEC CG (3) Jitter treatment and its impact on the accuracy in predicting COM (4) TX output signal level separation mismatch and how it is treated (5) CTLE implementation discussion and its implications for COM (6) COM margin computation and COM pass/fail criteria discussions The first goal of the paper is to provide the very basics for the beginners of COM. The second goal is to bring adequate attention to the COM community so that the computed results for PAM4 channels can be better interpreted and link margin assessment decisions can be more properly made without being too optimistic or too pessimistic for PAM4 systems in which FEC is mandatory.
This report introduces the scattering parameter concept from two perspectives. First, the scatter... more This report introduces the scattering parameter concept from two perspectives. First, the scattering parameters are shown to be an effective vehicle for characterizing the high frequency I/O characteristics of two port networks. Such measurement effectiveness derives from the fact that scattering parameter measurements obviate problems invariably incurred at very high frequencies by the actions of either short-circuiting or open circuiting network ports. The second perspective is the utility of scattering analyses in the design of lossless two port filters, which are fundamental to modern communication systems.
This specification defines: the electrical and optical connectors, electrical signals and power s... more This specification defines: the electrical and optical connectors, electrical signals and power supplies, mechanical and thermal requirements of the pluggable QSFP Double Density (QSFP-DD) module, connector and cage system. This document provides a common specification for systems manufacturers, system integrators, and suppliers of modules.
This paper explain about the basic receiver equalization that apply on high speed serial signal. ... more This paper explain about the basic receiver equalization that apply on high speed serial signal. It will touch the high speed signal equalization feature that reside in receiver analog at low and high data rate. It also discuss the equalization implementation at high data rates such as 56Gbps and 112 Gbps applications.
The abstract explain about the definition of effective return loss (ERL) and the impacts on the t... more The abstract explain about the definition of effective return loss (ERL) and the impacts on the transmission system.This paper explain the need of having this metric system in transmission line analysis.
This paper describes the fundamentals of electrical validation. It describes the Jitter generati... more This paper describes the fundamentals of electrical validation. It describes the Jitter generation test and some fundamental units. This paper introduced the opener of electrical validation world.
This paper discussed about how i attain focus in my career. It seems vital for anyone of us to ha... more This paper discussed about how i attain focus in my career. It seems vital for anyone of us to have a focus mind when we do our own work. This is to achieve optimum time to use our mind to complete the work. I have been trying to have a focus mind so that i can understand complex matters and able to solve it. I want to share my experience of having a focus mind and the wonders it can do to us. I may not be the best example, but this sharing Will make us a better focus mind in this overloading information world.
This is a text speech on " Our House is on fire1" 1. The Speech Text Speech: Greetings, At the mo... more This is a text speech on " Our House is on fire1" 1. The Speech Text Speech: Greetings, At the moment we are living in the 20th centuries. The 19th and past centuries we were colonized and many world wars occurred that caused people's live around the world. The wars had caused the the technology evolution to a better form in the form of fire arms, ships, air planes and even communications. Still, small wars are still occurred in the word of genocide, fugitives and out break diseases. Yet, people are still being ignorant on 1 crisis. The crisis is our planet. The scientist and the experts are telling us that the planet is going through a crisis that is called Global Warming. The data and statistics of co2 emissions are increasing rapidly. The cry out from the 3rd world countries on having a serous commitment from reduce Co2 emissions are loud. So what can we do about it. ? We knew that this is coming in the future. Even the solutions are there. There were thousands of papers and solutions to reduce the emissions and yet we are still being ignorant. Maybe we will only take actions when we are choking out of breath. The recent open burning by our neighbors Indonesia and Australia recently should open our eyes that Oxygen is very important to us. One day im sure someone will develop an application just to know the air pollution index and to check the water quality that we want to consume.So i think you can get the money out of it. On the facts i provided, i believe we should be scared an we got to something about it. The most essential thing is we need to do right now in this room is to recognize the crisis is a crisis. We need to acknowledge the crisis in ourselves. Its real and its coming wether you like it or not. We need to internalize in our mind, the global warming, the Co2 emission, the open fire, the pollution and whatever the name is. We need to stop it!. We need to reduce the co2 emissions by hook or by crook. The scientist urge us to reduce the 50% of co2 emissions. But this is their estimations and we as human being must go beyonds it. At international levels, each country must pledge to the comitment to reduce the co2 emissions. They need to account the co2 emissions for each development that is undertake. This should be the yard stick from now on. Co2 emissions must be part of the Economy growth for each country. I have talked about 2 key factors that are critical. 1st is to recgnize the crisis. 2nd at international level, we must put co2 emission is part of the economy growth and this will make people to pledge and commit to reduce the co2 emission. Remember, our house is on fire. references References Appendix A.
This paper presents a novel approach to accurately measure the bit error rate (BER) performance o... more This paper presents a novel approach to accurately measure the bit error rate (BER) performance of the Advanced Interface Bus (AIB) technology used in Intel Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). The proposed approach utilizes the AIB data path, a soft PRBS data generator, and internal analyzer, along with tuning the AIB's analog parameters to induce errors and reduce test times. The proposed solutions have improved the efficiency of BER computation, enabling the AIB to meet the desired BER specification at the maximum data rate.
This paper describes the foundations of scattered parameters and its applications in high speed s... more This paper describes the foundations of scattered parameters and its applications in high speed signal. This paper should be made as reference and understand S parameter better.
This paper discusses phase noise and its relationship
with random jitter. Phase noise is measured... more This paper discusses phase noise and its relationship with random jitter. Phase noise is measured in the frequency do- main using a network analyzer. Analyzing the plotted waveforms is essential for qualifying and understanding the associated issues
This paper explores optimizing receiver adaptations in PAM4 signal transmission, surpassing tradi... more This paper explores optimizing receiver adaptations in PAM4 signal transmission, surpassing traditional metrics like BER by analyzing nuanced fine-tuning processes. It meticulously examines receiver settings, emphasizing the pivotal role of Transmitter Feed Forward (FFE) equalization in link training. By elucidating adaptation settings' impact on electrical performance, it advances understanding of optimal receiver configurations. Additionally, it introduces the Q factor as a crucial metric for margin assessment, aiding informed decision-making in IP scenarios during narrow-margin electrical compliance testing on PAM4.
This paper offers a comprehensive investigation into the optimization of receiver adaptations in ... more This paper offers a comprehensive investigation into the optimization of receiver adaptations in PAM4 signal transmission. While conventional metrics like Bit Error Rate (BER) at pre-FEC are widely employed for evaluating electrical performance, their efficacy diminishes during nuanced fine-tuning processes. The research meticulously scrutinizes receiver settings, with a specific focus on the pivotal role played by Transmitter Feed Forward (FFE) equalization in the context of link training. By delving into the intri cacies of adaptation settings in PAM4 signal transmission and elucidating their impact on electrical performance, this paper significantly contributes to the advancement of knowledge regarding optimal receiver configurations. Furthermore, the paper introduces the utilization of the Q factor as a key metric for assessing margin, providing a valuable tool for analyzing and determining optima l configurations. The insights presented in this paper are poised to become a valuable reference for post-silicon communities grappling with narrow margins during electrical compliance testing on PAM4, facilitating informed decision-making when dealing with IPs in such scenarios.
This paper introduces an electrical validation
methodology for testing the JESD204C.1 protocol, o... more This paper introduces an electrical validation methodology for testing the JESD204C.1 protocol, offering a comparative analysis with its predecessor version. Notable enhancements in this updated protocol encompass an augmented data rate of 34.45 Gbps and refined electrical specifications. We delve into the specifics of our measurement techniques and methodologies to ensure the robustness and validity of the validation process.
This paper describes about signal integrity. This paper is base on the Eric Bogatin slides and pr... more This paper describes about signal integrity. This paper is base on the Eric Bogatin slides and presentations. The writings here refered to Eric Bogatin's Signal Integrity academy. This paper will explain about the right way to think about signals on interconnects. The essential principles for solving Signal integrity problems will be discussed. The main enemy of signal integrity are reflection noise, cross talk, EMI and PDN. Ground bounce phenomena and signal transition noise will also be described. Lastly, this paper will talk about analysis tools and explore design trade offs.
The Rules of jitter analysis by Stephen. Good explanation about jitter and the fundamentals of i... more The Rules of jitter analysis by Stephen. Good explanation about jitter and the fundamentals of it. Its always about the BER. Low SNR will always give High BER.
This paper is a guide for RF measurements from Anritsu. This is a good article to read and enhanc... more This paper is a guide for RF measurements from Anritsu. This is a good article to read and enhance our knowledge.
The oscilloscope is arguably one of the most useful general purpose tools ever created for use by... more The oscilloscope is arguably one of the most useful general purpose tools ever created for use by electronic engineers. Since its invention more than 100 years ago, new types, features and functionalities have been introduced.
Simple method for estimation of true jitter for period , skew , half period and cycle to cycle j... more Simple method for estimation of true jitter for period , skew , half period and cycle to cycle jitter.
Uploads
Papers by Zahrein Yaacob
Talks by Zahrein Yaacob
with random jitter. Phase noise is measured in the frequency do-
main using a network analyzer. Analyzing the plotted waveforms
is essential for qualifying and understanding the associated issues
methodology for testing the JESD204C.1 protocol, offering a
comparative analysis with its predecessor version. Notable enhancements in this updated protocol encompass an augmented
data rate of 34.45 Gbps and refined electrical specifications.
We delve into the specifics of our measurement techniques
and methodologies to ensure the robustness and validity of the
validation process.