Papers by Dr Gihan Gawish
Biochemical Basis of Medicine, 1985
The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1951
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2008
Cell cycle parameters as well as apoptotic and tumor markers directly control cell growth. DNA pl... more Cell cycle parameters as well as apoptotic and tumor markers directly control cell growth. DNA ploidy and S phase fraction, apoptosis fraction in addition to apoptotic inducer (p53, c-myc) and antiapoptotic marker (Bcl-2) were investigated in childhood with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) leukemia as a predictive markers represented in survival data. This study included 70 children with (ALL); 38 males and 32 females; of median age 5 years. Event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated for all studied cases. Cell cycle and apoptotic parameters as well as p53, c-myc and Bcl-2 were analyzed using FACS caliber flow cytometer in the lymphocyte cells of peripheral blood. Aneuploidy constituted 33% of studied cases. The median overall survival (OS) showed higher significant values when S% was 0.94 and p53 was 81.5 but with no significance related to other cell cycle parameters as well as p53 and c-myc. These data suggest that DNA index, S phase fraction, p53 and Bcl-2 may be useful as a predictive markers that help patients\' stratification and adjusting protocols of ALL therapy. Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Vol. 25 (2) 2007: pp. 192-211
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2014
Biochemical Genetics, 2011
This study examined a possible association between the mutations related to Factor V Leiden and F... more This study examined a possible association between the mutations related to Factor V Leiden and Factor II (prothrombin) and stroke in Saudi neonates. A multiplex PCR was established to detect Factor V Leiden G1691A and prothrombin G20210A mutations in 72 neonatal stroke subjects and 70 healthy adult controls with no family history of thromboembolic diseases. The frequency of the homozygous normal genotype (GG) of both genes was found to be significantly lower in the stroke subjects than in the controls (P \ 0.0001). The stroke cases also had higher frequencies of the combined Factor II heterozygous mutant form (GA) and the homozygous normal Factor V (GG) (P \ 0.0001) and of the combined heterozygous Factor V and the homozygous normal Factor II genotypes (GG) (P = 0.0) than controls. The study concluded that prothrombin and Factor V Leiden may be important risk factors for neonatal stroke in Saudi children.
Inherited thrombophilia has recently been identified as a major cause of thrombembolism, but it m... more Inherited thrombophilia has recently been identified as a major cause of thrombembolism, but it may also contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes and recurrent pregnancy loss. Three gene mutations namely leiden (FV G1691A), prothrombin (FII G20210A), and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T) are the most common types of hereditary thrombophilias in women with RPL, which in turn can result in placentation. These are usually undiagnosed, because most carriers are asymptomatic. The aim of this study was to determine the association of specific inherited thrombophilias and recurrent pregnant loss (RPL) among Saudi women. The study included 142 females were 72 had a history of 2 or more events of fetal loss in any of the 3 trimesters of pregnancy. The remaining 70 were clinically healthy women with a good obstetric history and have designated as a control group. Detection of inherited thrombophilia genes mutations was confirmed using different PCR screening protocols. The frequencies of FV & FII mutations related to the pregnancy loss stages showed that FV mutation ratio was similar among cases with early or late stage pregnancy loss (25%-26%) but significantly higher than that of controls (1.4%). On the other hand FII mutation ratio was high among cases with late pregnancy loss (50%) followed by early pregnancy loss (38%) and was significant higher than that of controls (1.4%). MTHFR C677T mutation was more common in group of women with fetal loss in first trimester compared to the controls. We have reported that the combinations of two or more thrombophilic polymorphism risk factors were observed in 10.8% healthy Saudi women with unexplained RPL while no more than one risk factor was observed in any of the controls. We concluded that there is a strong association between the combined inherited thrombophilic mutations related to FV G1691A, FII G20210A, and MTHFR C677T genes among Saudi women. Our data confirm the hypothesis that inherited thrombophilia is indeed a significant abnormality in the RPL subjects.
Obesity is a significant public health concern that predisposes individuals to a high risk of pre... more Obesity is a significant public health concern that predisposes individuals to a high risk of premature mortality. Previous studies also reported that low serum concentrations of AMY1 have been associated with obesity. The aimed of the study to assess the relationship between salivary amylase (AMY1) activity and body mass index (BMI) in Saudi male and female adults in Riyadh. This study included a total of 200 (100 individuals who were overweight and obese and 100 who had normal body weight [control individuals]) Saudi participants aged 20 to 50 years old. They were recruited from physical fitness clubs and were school employees in Riyadh City. The dietary food intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. The activity of the AMY1 was measured using a microplate fluorescence reader. A significant (P .05) increase was observed in the incidence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM), and family history of overweight and obesity in overweight and obese individuals than in the control individuals, and these were in parallel to the significant increase in weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and BMI. A significant (P .05) increase was also observed in the carbohydrate and total fat dietary intake of overweight and obese individuals in relation to the respective dietary reference intake (DRI) values. AMY1 activity was significantly lower than the reference values in the overweight and obese group. Furthermore, AMY1 activity was significantly (P .05) reverse with weight, WC, HC, and BMI in both males and females in the overweight and obese group. In conclusion, the Saudi overweight and obese population seems to be at risk of low AMY1, which correlates with their obesity. Abbreviations: AMY1 = salivary amylase, AMY2 = pancreatic amylase, BMI = body mass index, CNVs = copy number variations, DBP = diastolic blood pressure, DM = diabetes mellitus, DQ = quenching starch, DRI = dietary reference intake, HC = hip circumference, SBP = systolic blood pressure, SPSS = Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus, WC = waist circumference, WHO = World Health Organization.
Dental caries is a major oral health problem in Saudi Arabia. The numbers are increasing and the ... more Dental caries is a major oral health problem in Saudi Arabia. The numbers are increasing and the status is worsening despite all kind of efforts to control caries. It is a multifactorial disease and little is still known about the genetic factors influencing susceptibility. Carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI) is one of the key enzymes maintaining homeo-stasis on the surfaces of the oral cavity and upper alimentary canal.
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Papers by Dr Gihan Gawish
Introduction, changes in chromosome number, structure, chromosomal rearrangements, the overall incidence of human chromosome mutations and evolution of the genome.