СБОРНИК В ЧЕСТ НА 70-ГОДИШНИНАТА НА ПРОФ. Д-Р БОРИС Д. БОРИСОВ. СОФИЯ., 2023
The present text is focused on the First Bulgarian Kingdom's influence on the establishment of th... more The present text is focused on the First Bulgarian Kingdom's influence on the establishment of the early medieval Christian temple of the Tiverts from Luka-Rajky archaeological culture along the Middle Dniester valley on the territory of present-day Moldavia. The monument was found by Igor. A. Bondar in 2017 nearby the village of Rud and it dates 9th-10th centuries. The new studies found parallels between the depicted scenes and signs in the newly found temple with other monuments along the Middle Dniester valley. These similarities give us additional evidence for the cultural and religious influence of the First Bulgarian Kingdom in the Christianization of the region and the pre-state formation of the Ulichs and Tivertsi appeared, as well as about the similarities but also originality of the graphic systems of the local population, about the local and regional syncretism of Christianity and paganism of the previous period, about the imposing of pagan and Christian semantics of signs and symbols in composite schemes, which is evidence for the close contact between Slavic, Turc, German-Scandinavian and also Roman and Greek-Byzantine elements. The results of the studies confirmed the mixed type of the religion of the Dniester-Prut interfluve during the early medieval period.
This study is devoted to the full-fledged introduction into scientific circulation of a unique ea... more This study is devoted to the full-fledged introduction into scientific circulation of a unique early medieval iron war hatchet inlayed with silver originating from the southern steppe zone of the Dniester-Prut interfluve of present-day territory of Republic of Moldova. The ornamented battle axe of 10th–11th centuries was found near the village of Răzeni. The type of form of war axe from Răzeni is similar to type of war axes originated in the Middle Volga region, where there was a tradition of making similar ornamented war axes of this type. The main feature of the war ax from Răzeni is the Scandinavian ornament in Ringerike style. The semantics analysis of the ornamented motif and its interpretation — is one of the main tasks of this research work of the description and introduction of the unique find into scientific circulation. The image is interpreted as the tree of life Yggdrasil sprouting from the deck of the boat, which is worshiped by an anthropomorphic figure interpreted as ...
The new rhombus-shaped cast amulet of the 10th century, made in the Borre style by means of the o... more The new rhombus-shaped cast amulet of the 10th century, made in the Borre style by means of the openwork metalworking technique, is a unique example of the Scandinavian jewelry tradition. The amulet originated from the region of the middle Dniester. The amulet and graffito are unique and they have no direct known analogies. This article is devoted to the study of semiotics and semantics of a zoomorphic pendant and elements of its image. The study carried out a structural-semantic analysis of the composition and individual elements of ornament through the paradigm of cosmological and cosmogonic representations of the ancient Germans. The work used the comparative method as well as a wide range of archaeological and literary sources. The picture stones and runic stones, Hogback stones, objects of material culture of the ancient Germans, results of comprehensive archaeological research, Old Norse songs about the gods and heroes of the “Younger Edda”, a set of Scandinavian sagas, Icelan...
The present study focuses on the decipherment and interpretation of the unique runic inscription ... more The present study focuses on the decipherment and interpretation of the unique runic inscription carved on the zoomorphic pendant of Scandinavian jewelry traditions. The new Scandinavian zoomorphic pendant of 10th century, originating from the region of Middle Dniester, Republic of Moldova. The graffito and amulet have no direct analogies. In the research paper the runic inscription is interpreted as the protection magical spell. The runic inscription is based on the ideographic runes of the Elder and the Younger Futhark. The runic inscription of a similar nature with this combination of graphemes has not yet been known in runology, and is first encountered. The inscription made in Scandinavian runes is the first discovery of a runic inscription in Republic of Moldova and the same time is the first written evidence of the presence of the Vikings in the Dniester-Prut Region. The research methodology is based on a comparison of the runic formula of the zoomorphic amulet inscription wi...
СБОРНИК В ЧЕСТ НА 70-ГОДИШНИНАТА НА ПРОФ. Д-Р БОРИС Д. БОРИСОВ. СОФИЯ., 2023
The present text is focused on the First Bulgarian Kingdom's influence on the establishment of th... more The present text is focused on the First Bulgarian Kingdom's influence on the establishment of the early medieval Christian temple of the Tiverts from Luka-Rajky archaeological culture along the Middle Dniester valley on the territory of present-day Moldavia. The monument was found by Igor. A. Bondar in 2017 nearby the village of Rud and it dates 9th-10th centuries. The new studies found parallels between the depicted scenes and signs in the newly found temple with other monuments along the Middle Dniester valley. These similarities give us additional evidence for the cultural and religious influence of the First Bulgarian Kingdom in the Christianization of the region and the pre-state formation of the Ulichs and Tivertsi appeared, as well as about the similarities but also originality of the graphic systems of the local population, about the local and regional syncretism of Christianity and paganism of the previous period, about the imposing of pagan and Christian semantics of signs and symbols in composite schemes, which is evidence for the close contact between Slavic, Turc, German-Scandinavian and also Roman and Greek-Byzantine elements. The results of the studies confirmed the mixed type of the religion of the Dniester-Prut interfluve during the early medieval period.
This study is devoted to the full-fledged introduction into scientific circulation of a unique ea... more This study is devoted to the full-fledged introduction into scientific circulation of a unique early medieval iron war hatchet inlayed with silver originating from the southern steppe zone of the Dniester-Prut interfluve of present-day territory of Republic of Moldova. The ornamented battle axe of 10th–11th centuries was found near the village of Răzeni. The type of form of war axe from Răzeni is similar to type of war axes originated in the Middle Volga region, where there was a tradition of making similar ornamented war axes of this type. The main feature of the war ax from Răzeni is the Scandinavian ornament in Ringerike style. The semantics analysis of the ornamented motif and its interpretation — is one of the main tasks of this research work of the description and introduction of the unique find into scientific circulation. The image is interpreted as the tree of life Yggdrasil sprouting from the deck of the boat, which is worshiped by an anthropomorphic figure interpreted as ...
The new rhombus-shaped cast amulet of the 10th century, made in the Borre style by means of the o... more The new rhombus-shaped cast amulet of the 10th century, made in the Borre style by means of the openwork metalworking technique, is a unique example of the Scandinavian jewelry tradition. The amulet originated from the region of the middle Dniester. The amulet and graffito are unique and they have no direct known analogies. This article is devoted to the study of semiotics and semantics of a zoomorphic pendant and elements of its image. The study carried out a structural-semantic analysis of the composition and individual elements of ornament through the paradigm of cosmological and cosmogonic representations of the ancient Germans. The work used the comparative method as well as a wide range of archaeological and literary sources. The picture stones and runic stones, Hogback stones, objects of material culture of the ancient Germans, results of comprehensive archaeological research, Old Norse songs about the gods and heroes of the “Younger Edda”, a set of Scandinavian sagas, Icelan...
The present study focuses on the decipherment and interpretation of the unique runic inscription ... more The present study focuses on the decipherment and interpretation of the unique runic inscription carved on the zoomorphic pendant of Scandinavian jewelry traditions. The new Scandinavian zoomorphic pendant of 10th century, originating from the region of Middle Dniester, Republic of Moldova. The graffito and amulet have no direct analogies. In the research paper the runic inscription is interpreted as the protection magical spell. The runic inscription is based on the ideographic runes of the Elder and the Younger Futhark. The runic inscription of a similar nature with this combination of graphemes has not yet been known in runology, and is first encountered. The inscription made in Scandinavian runes is the first discovery of a runic inscription in Republic of Moldova and the same time is the first written evidence of the presence of the Vikings in the Dniester-Prut Region. The research methodology is based on a comparison of the runic formula of the zoomorphic amulet inscription wi...
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