International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2011
The study investigates the relationship between general and context-specific conceptions of the n... more The study investigates the relationship between general and context-specific conceptions of the nature of science (NOS). The categorization scheme by Osborne et al. (J Res Sci Teach 40:692–720, 2003) served as the theoretical framework of the study. In the category nature of scientific knowledge, the certainty, development, simplicity, justification, and source of scientific knowledge were distinguished. In the category methods of science, the purpose of science and the creativity of scientists were mentioned. The study was conducted with 221 secondary school students, who filled in a 40-item questionnaire on general NOS conceptions. Furthermore, students were provided with different contexts by a short description of 10 scientific theories. After the theory introduction, students indicated context-specific conceptions as well as the importance and familiarity of each theory. Study results show that higher familiarity with scientific theories is related to a more informed view about the general nature of science. Correlational analyses illustrate that context-specific and general conceptions about NOS are not independent from each other but have a mutual core. Context-specific conceptions are not so different from their general counterparts that these aspects cannot be combined in a NOS questionnaire.
Proteins were produced by fed-batch fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiaecultivated on date so... more Proteins were produced by fed-batch fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiaecultivated on date solution. Protein content was 52.5% (dry basis). Protein solubility was studied as a function of pH, NaCl concentration, and solvent. The minimum protein solubility was at pH 4 and the maximum was at pH 12. As a function of NaCl concentration, protein solubility was 647.6 g/kg for 1 M. The best solubility was 916.3 g/kg under pH 12 and 1 M NaCl. Solubility was very low, 2.1 g/kg, when ethanol was used as a solvent. Biomass was dried by air drying, vacuum drying, and freeze drying. The best solubility of 937.5 g/kg was obtained using freeze and vacuum drying methods.Se produjeron proteínas por fermentación semicontínua de Saccharomyces cerevisiaecultivada en solución de dátil. El contenido de proteína fue 52,5% (base seca). Se estudió la solubilidad de proteína como función de pH, concentración de NaCl y solvente. La solubilidad mínima de proteína fue a pH 4 y la máxima fue a pH 12. Como función de concentración NaCl, la solubilidad de proteína fue 647,6 (g/kg) para 1M. La mayor solubilidad fue 916,3 (g/kg) a pH 12 y 1M de NaCl. La solubilidad resultó muy baja, 2,1 (g/kg), cuando el solvente usado fue etanol. La biomasa se secó por aire, a vacío y por congelado. La mayor solubilidad de 937,5 (g/kg) se obtuvo usando los métodos de secado por congelado y a vacío.
In this paper a flexible direct torque control (DTC) of a sensorless interior permanent magnet sy... more In this paper a flexible direct torque control (DTC) of a sensorless interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive is proposed based on variable structure approach and space vector modulation technique. According to this method, a sliding mode plus-PI controller is designed for torque and flux control respectively in stator flux reference frame. Simulation results obtained indicate improved performances for the proposed DTC controller and its robustness are preserved for the IPMSM drive.
Carbon dioxide is the major greenhouse gas contributor. In Malaysia, transportation, electricity ... more Carbon dioxide is the major greenhouse gas contributor. In Malaysia, transportation, electricity and energy sector are identified as the major carbon dioxide emitter. Coal, natural gas, diesel, oil and hydro are the sources to generate electricity in Malaysia. Natural gas and coal generate 66% and 23.3% of the total electricity generation. In the 9th Malaysia Plan, government of Malaysia encourage
International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education
Tools are needed to track the elements of students’ successful engagement in inquiry. The McGill ... more Tools are needed to track the elements of students’ successful engagement in inquiry. The McGill Strategic Demands of Inquiry Questionnaire (MSDIQ) is a 79-item, criterion-referenced, learner-focused questionnaire anchored in Schön’s model and related models of self-regulated learning. The MSDIQ addresses three phases of inquiry engagement—planning, enactment, reflection—perceived as important by teachers, parents, and students before or after inquiry participation. Internal consistency and validity evidence was obtained from 205 university students with different inquiry backgrounds: teacher education years 1 and 4, continuing teacher education, and honors psychology. Separate confirmatory factor analyses of planning, enactment, and reflection generated 14 intercorrelated factors congruent with definitions of inquiry instruction and supported the hypothesized structure underlying the MSDIQ as a reliable and valid instrument for measuring inquiry engagement and valuing its building blocks.
Objective To compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus morphine as a sedative/analgesic amon... more Objective To compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus morphine as a sedative/analgesic among post-operative cardiac surgery patients. Method A randomized controlled open-label study was performed at the cardiothoracic intensive care unit of Penang Hospital, Malaysia. A total of 28 patients who underwent cardiac surgeries were randomly assigned to receive either dexmedetomidine or morphine. Both groups were similar in terms of preoperative baseline characteristics. Efficacy measures included sedation scores and pain intensity and requirements for additional sedative/analgesic. Mean heart rate and arterial blood pressure were used as safety measures. Other measures were additional inotropes, extubation time and other concurrent medications. Results The mean dose of dexmedetomidine infused was 0.12 [SD 0.03] μg kg−1 h−1, while that of morphine was 13.2 [SD 5.84] μg kg−1 h−1. Dexmedetomidine group showed more benefits in sedation and pain levels, additional sedative/analgesic requirements, and extubation time. No significant differences between the two groups for the outcome measures, except heart rate, which was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group. Conclusion This preliminary study suggests that dexmedetomidine was at least comparable to morphine in terms of efficacy and safety among cardiac surgery patients. Further studies with larger samples are recommended in order to determine the significant effects of the outcome measures.
The effects of antioxidants (rosemary, carnosine and taurine, together with ascorbic acid) and th... more The effects of antioxidants (rosemary, carnosine and taurine, together with ascorbic acid) and the influence of different lighting conditions (standard supermarket fluorescent, low-UV color-balanced lamp, and darkness) were studied in fresh beef patties packaged in modified atmosphere and displayed at 2°C for 20 days. Oxidation stability (TBARS), instrumental color, metmyoglobin formation, psychrotrophic flora, and sensory attributes (off-odour and discoloration) were measured at four-day intervals. Rosemary and, to a lesser extent, carnosine (both with ascorbic acid) were very effective in inhibiting both metmyoglobin formation and lipid oxidation, thus stabilizing red meat color and retarding off-odour development. These effects were most noticeable in patties subject to lighting during display, either with the standard fluorescent or with the low-UV color-balanced lamp. Treatment with rosemary and ascorbic acid in the absence of UV radiation gave rise to the lowest oxidation values. Conversely, the combination of taurine and ascorbic acid exerted a significant prooxidant effect.Los efectos de los antioxidantes (romero, carnosina y taurina, junto con ácido ascórbico) y la influencia de diferentes condiciones de iluminación (iluminación estándar de supermercado, baja en UV color balanceado, y oscuridad) fueron estudiados en hamburguesas de res envasadas en atmósfera modificada y mantenidas a 2°C durante 20 días. La estabilidad a la oxidación (TBARS), el color instrumental, la formación de metamioglobina, el crecimiento de la flora psicrótrofa y los atributos sensoriales (olor desagradable y decoloración) fueron estudiados a intervalos de cuatro días. El romero, y en menor grado la carnosina, ambos con ácido ascórbico, fueron muy efectivos en la inhibición tanto de la formación de metamioglobina como de la oxidación de lípidos, permitiendo la estabilización del color rojo de la carne y retrasando el desarrollo de olores desagradables. Estos efectos fueron más evidentes en las hamburguesas que fueron mantenidas bajo condiciones de iluminación, ya sea con la iluminación estándar de supermercado o con la baja en UV color balanceado. El tratamiento con romero y ácido ascórbico en ausencia de radiación UV dio lugar a los valores más bajos de oxidación. Contrariamente, la combinación de taurina con ácido ascórbico ejerció un significativo efecto prooxidante.
International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2011
The study investigates the relationship between general and context-specific conceptions of the n... more The study investigates the relationship between general and context-specific conceptions of the nature of science (NOS). The categorization scheme by Osborne et al. (J Res Sci Teach 40:692–720, 2003) served as the theoretical framework of the study. In the category nature of scientific knowledge, the certainty, development, simplicity, justification, and source of scientific knowledge were distinguished. In the category methods of science, the purpose of science and the creativity of scientists were mentioned. The study was conducted with 221 secondary school students, who filled in a 40-item questionnaire on general NOS conceptions. Furthermore, students were provided with different contexts by a short description of 10 scientific theories. After the theory introduction, students indicated context-specific conceptions as well as the importance and familiarity of each theory. Study results show that higher familiarity with scientific theories is related to a more informed view about the general nature of science. Correlational analyses illustrate that context-specific and general conceptions about NOS are not independent from each other but have a mutual core. Context-specific conceptions are not so different from their general counterparts that these aspects cannot be combined in a NOS questionnaire.
Proteins were produced by fed-batch fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiaecultivated on date so... more Proteins were produced by fed-batch fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiaecultivated on date solution. Protein content was 52.5% (dry basis). Protein solubility was studied as a function of pH, NaCl concentration, and solvent. The minimum protein solubility was at pH 4 and the maximum was at pH 12. As a function of NaCl concentration, protein solubility was 647.6 g/kg for 1 M. The best solubility was 916.3 g/kg under pH 12 and 1 M NaCl. Solubility was very low, 2.1 g/kg, when ethanol was used as a solvent. Biomass was dried by air drying, vacuum drying, and freeze drying. The best solubility of 937.5 g/kg was obtained using freeze and vacuum drying methods.Se produjeron proteínas por fermentación semicontínua de Saccharomyces cerevisiaecultivada en solución de dátil. El contenido de proteína fue 52,5% (base seca). Se estudió la solubilidad de proteína como función de pH, concentración de NaCl y solvente. La solubilidad mínima de proteína fue a pH 4 y la máxima fue a pH 12. Como función de concentración NaCl, la solubilidad de proteína fue 647,6 (g/kg) para 1M. La mayor solubilidad fue 916,3 (g/kg) a pH 12 y 1M de NaCl. La solubilidad resultó muy baja, 2,1 (g/kg), cuando el solvente usado fue etanol. La biomasa se secó por aire, a vacío y por congelado. La mayor solubilidad de 937,5 (g/kg) se obtuvo usando los métodos de secado por congelado y a vacío.
In this paper a flexible direct torque control (DTC) of a sensorless interior permanent magnet sy... more In this paper a flexible direct torque control (DTC) of a sensorless interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive is proposed based on variable structure approach and space vector modulation technique. According to this method, a sliding mode plus-PI controller is designed for torque and flux control respectively in stator flux reference frame. Simulation results obtained indicate improved performances for the proposed DTC controller and its robustness are preserved for the IPMSM drive.
Carbon dioxide is the major greenhouse gas contributor. In Malaysia, transportation, electricity ... more Carbon dioxide is the major greenhouse gas contributor. In Malaysia, transportation, electricity and energy sector are identified as the major carbon dioxide emitter. Coal, natural gas, diesel, oil and hydro are the sources to generate electricity in Malaysia. Natural gas and coal generate 66% and 23.3% of the total electricity generation. In the 9th Malaysia Plan, government of Malaysia encourage
International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education
Tools are needed to track the elements of students’ successful engagement in inquiry. The McGill ... more Tools are needed to track the elements of students’ successful engagement in inquiry. The McGill Strategic Demands of Inquiry Questionnaire (MSDIQ) is a 79-item, criterion-referenced, learner-focused questionnaire anchored in Schön’s model and related models of self-regulated learning. The MSDIQ addresses three phases of inquiry engagement—planning, enactment, reflection—perceived as important by teachers, parents, and students before or after inquiry participation. Internal consistency and validity evidence was obtained from 205 university students with different inquiry backgrounds: teacher education years 1 and 4, continuing teacher education, and honors psychology. Separate confirmatory factor analyses of planning, enactment, and reflection generated 14 intercorrelated factors congruent with definitions of inquiry instruction and supported the hypothesized structure underlying the MSDIQ as a reliable and valid instrument for measuring inquiry engagement and valuing its building blocks.
Objective To compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus morphine as a sedative/analgesic amon... more Objective To compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus morphine as a sedative/analgesic among post-operative cardiac surgery patients. Method A randomized controlled open-label study was performed at the cardiothoracic intensive care unit of Penang Hospital, Malaysia. A total of 28 patients who underwent cardiac surgeries were randomly assigned to receive either dexmedetomidine or morphine. Both groups were similar in terms of preoperative baseline characteristics. Efficacy measures included sedation scores and pain intensity and requirements for additional sedative/analgesic. Mean heart rate and arterial blood pressure were used as safety measures. Other measures were additional inotropes, extubation time and other concurrent medications. Results The mean dose of dexmedetomidine infused was 0.12 [SD 0.03] μg kg−1 h−1, while that of morphine was 13.2 [SD 5.84] μg kg−1 h−1. Dexmedetomidine group showed more benefits in sedation and pain levels, additional sedative/analgesic requirements, and extubation time. No significant differences between the two groups for the outcome measures, except heart rate, which was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group. Conclusion This preliminary study suggests that dexmedetomidine was at least comparable to morphine in terms of efficacy and safety among cardiac surgery patients. Further studies with larger samples are recommended in order to determine the significant effects of the outcome measures.
The effects of antioxidants (rosemary, carnosine and taurine, together with ascorbic acid) and th... more The effects of antioxidants (rosemary, carnosine and taurine, together with ascorbic acid) and the influence of different lighting conditions (standard supermarket fluorescent, low-UV color-balanced lamp, and darkness) were studied in fresh beef patties packaged in modified atmosphere and displayed at 2°C for 20 days. Oxidation stability (TBARS), instrumental color, metmyoglobin formation, psychrotrophic flora, and sensory attributes (off-odour and discoloration) were measured at four-day intervals. Rosemary and, to a lesser extent, carnosine (both with ascorbic acid) were very effective in inhibiting both metmyoglobin formation and lipid oxidation, thus stabilizing red meat color and retarding off-odour development. These effects were most noticeable in patties subject to lighting during display, either with the standard fluorescent or with the low-UV color-balanced lamp. Treatment with rosemary and ascorbic acid in the absence of UV radiation gave rise to the lowest oxidation values. Conversely, the combination of taurine and ascorbic acid exerted a significant prooxidant effect.Los efectos de los antioxidantes (romero, carnosina y taurina, junto con ácido ascórbico) y la influencia de diferentes condiciones de iluminación (iluminación estándar de supermercado, baja en UV color balanceado, y oscuridad) fueron estudiados en hamburguesas de res envasadas en atmósfera modificada y mantenidas a 2°C durante 20 días. La estabilidad a la oxidación (TBARS), el color instrumental, la formación de metamioglobina, el crecimiento de la flora psicrótrofa y los atributos sensoriales (olor desagradable y decoloración) fueron estudiados a intervalos de cuatro días. El romero, y en menor grado la carnosina, ambos con ácido ascórbico, fueron muy efectivos en la inhibición tanto de la formación de metamioglobina como de la oxidación de lípidos, permitiendo la estabilización del color rojo de la carne y retrasando el desarrollo de olores desagradables. Estos efectos fueron más evidentes en las hamburguesas que fueron mantenidas bajo condiciones de iluminación, ya sea con la iluminación estándar de supermercado o con la baja en UV color balanceado. El tratamiento con romero y ácido ascórbico en ausencia de radiación UV dio lugar a los valores más bajos de oxidación. Contrariamente, la combinación de taurina con ácido ascórbico ejerció un significativo efecto prooxidante.
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