Dear editorThe impact of COVID-19 on survivors is wide and varied. The experience of COVID-19 inf... more Dear editorThe impact of COVID-19 on survivors is wide and varied. The experience of COVID-19 infection includes physical isolation, fear of impending death, and stigma-discrimination. The COVID-19...
Background and aim of the work: The prevalence of insomnia is higher in COVID-19 survivors. Howev... more Background and aim of the work: The prevalence of insomnia is higher in COVID-19 survivors. However, there is little information about his associated variables. The aimed to know the prevalence and variables associated with insomnia among COVID-19 survivors in Colombian adults. Method: Three hundred and thirty COVID-19 survivors participated in a cross-sectional study. Insomnia was quantified with the Athens Insomnia Scale (cut-off score ≤ 6, Cronbach's alpha of 0.90). Results: COVID-19 survivors were between 18 and 89 years (Mean = 47.7, SD = 15.2); the majority were women (61.5%), university-educated (62.4%), low income (71.2%), married or free union (66.1%), not healthcare workers (85.8%), without comorbidities (63.0%), asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 (66.1%), duration of COVID-19 symptoms in less than three weeks (80.0%) and remission of symptoms less two months by the day of study participation (73.0%). Scores on the Athens Insomnia Scale were observed between 0 and 24 (M = 7.3, SD = 5.1, Me = 7, IQR = 3 - 10), 60% presented insomnia. Insomnia was associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms (OR = 8.8, 95%CI 2.7 - 29.5), COVID-19 symptoms for more than three weeks (OR = 2.1, 95%CI 1.1 - 3.9), female gender (OR = 1.9, 95%CI 1.2 - 3.2) and married or free union marital status (OR = 1.8, 95%CI 1.1 - 3.0). Conclusion: The frequency of insomnia in COVID-19 survivors is high and mainly related to post-traumatic stress, symptoms of COVID-19 for more than three weeks, and the female gender. It is necessary to implement follow-up studies over time to evaluate the persistence of insomnia.
Abstract The study aimed to adapt and explore the psychometric performance of the Fear of COVID-1... more Abstract The study aimed to adapt and explore the psychometric performance of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) in the general Colombian population. The original FCV-19S is a 7-item scale that underwent an adaptation (Item 1 and 5 were deleted). From an online sample of 1,687 adults (59% female), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed for versions of the scale with 6 and 5 items. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega were calculated. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 5-item scale (Fear of COVID-5) presented better indicators. In conclusion, the Fear of COVID-5 has acceptable performance in the Colombian population.
In 2016 and 2017, the suicide rate in Colombia went up from 5.20 to 5.72, respectively. The same ... more In 2016 and 2017, the suicide rate in Colombia went up from 5.20 to 5.72, respectively. The same trend was observed for the State of Magdalena for the same period with an increase in the rates that went from 3.37 in 2016 and 4.27 per one hundred thousand inhabitants in 20171,2. The suicide rate in the State of Magdalena occupies third place among the departments of the Colombian Caribbean region1
The study’s purpose was to examine the prevalence and explore some factors associated with cyberb... more The study’s purpose was to examine the prevalence and explore some factors associated with cyberbullying in high-school adolescents at Santa Marta, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was designed, which participated in students between 13 and 17 years. Participants completed the item for being a victim of cyberbullying of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey for high school students designed by the Center for Disease Control of the United States. A total of 1462 students answered the questionnaire (M = 14.4 years, SD = 0.8). 19.6% ( n = 287) reported lifetime cyberbullying victimisation. Cyberbullying victimisation was associated with post-traumatic stress disorder risk (OR = 2.05, 95%CI 1.51–2.79), lifetime cigarette smoking (OR = 1.91, 95%CI 1.42–2.57), female gender (OR = 1.68, 95%CI 1.25–2.26), family dysfunction (OR = 1.68, 95%CI 1.18–2.41), and poor-fair health condition (OR = 1.45, 95%CI 1.08–1.95). Being a victim of cyberbullying is frequent among Colombian high-school adolescents. It is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder risk, cigarette smoking, female gender, family dysfunction, and poor-fair general health condition. Longitudinal investigations are needed to measure better the dynamics of cyberbullying and the nature of such associations.
To establish the validity of the BHS-20, a sample of 2064 adolescent students aged 14 and 17 year... more To establish the validity of the BHS-20, a sample of 2064 adolescent students aged 14 and 17 years (M = 15.61, SD = 1.05) were invited to participate in the research. Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s omega (ω) were computed to evaluate the internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the dimensionality of the BHS-20. The Spearman correlation ( r s) with depressive symptoms and risk of suicide scores of the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale were computed to explore the nomological validity. The BHS-20 showed a high internal consistency (α = .81, ω = .93), an adequate one-dimensional structure with an excellent adjustment [χ2 S-B = 341, df = 170, p < .01, Comparative Fit Index = .99, RMSEA = .03] and acceptable nomological validity with depressive symptoms ( r s = .47, p < .01) and scores for suicide risk ( r s = .33, p < .01). In conclusion, current results suggest that the BHS-20 demonstrates validity and reliability among Colombian adolescent students.
The study aimed to quantify the association between last-month cigarette smoking and lifetime sui... more The study aimed to quantify the association between last-month cigarette smoking and lifetime suicide behaviors in high-school students at Santa Marta, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was designed in which high-school students participated. They were asked about last-month cigarette smoking and lifetime suicide behaviors (suicide ideation, plan, and attempt). Crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated and adjusted for confounding variables. A total of 1,462 students participated and they were between 13 and 17 ( M = 14.4, SD = 0.8) years, and 60.3% girls. The last-month prevalence of cigarette smoking was 11.6%, lifetime suicide ideation 10.2%, plan 18.5%, and attempted 15.4%. Cigarette smoking was associated with suicide ideation (OR = 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.17, 2.41]), suicide plan (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = [1.33, 2.93]), and suicide attempt (OR = 2.79, 95% CI = [1.87, 4.17]), after adjusting for gender, family function, and depressive symptoms. In conclusion, cigarette...
El Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES) de los Estados Unidos introdujo con la escala para de... more El Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES) de los Estados Unidos introdujo con la escala para depresión (CES-D) y otra escala para cuantificar en forma rápida ideación suicida (CES-IS) durante las dos semanas más recientes; sin embargo, se conoce poco del rendimiento psicométrico de este instrumento. El objetivo fue verificar el desempeño psicométrico de la CES-IS en adolescentes escolarizados de un municipio de Boyacá, Colombia. Se realizó un estudio de validación con la participación de 363 estudiantes de un municipio de características rurales en edades entre 10 y 17 años (media=13; DE=1,8); 55,4% de los estudiantes de sexo femenino y 44,5% de sexo masculino. Los adolescentes diligenciaron los cuatro ítems de la CES-IS, una versión de diez ítems de la (CES-D-10) y la escala de Rosenberg para autoestima (ERA). Se estimó la consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald), la estructura dimensional (análisis factorial confirmatorio, AFC) y la convergencia con la CES-D-1...
Background and Purpose:The negative attitude towards vaccines for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) ... more Background and Purpose:The negative attitude towards vaccines for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has motivated the adaptation of instruments for this specific purpose. However, details of the reliability and validity of these scales are unknown. The study aimed to evaluate some indicators of the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccines Scale.Methods:A validation study was carried out with 1,136 students of emerging age (18 and 29 years) from a Colombian university; 65.5% were female. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega were calculated for reliability, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes for validity. Additionally, the gender differential item functioning (DIF) was estimated with Kendall’s tau b.Results:The Spanish version of Attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccines Scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of .94 and McDonald’s omega of .95), a one-dimensional structure with acceptable goodness-of-fit indicator...
Dear editorThe impact of COVID-19 on survivors is wide and varied. The experience of COVID-19 inf... more Dear editorThe impact of COVID-19 on survivors is wide and varied. The experience of COVID-19 infection includes physical isolation, fear of impending death, and stigma-discrimination. The COVID-19...
Background and aim of the work: The prevalence of insomnia is higher in COVID-19 survivors. Howev... more Background and aim of the work: The prevalence of insomnia is higher in COVID-19 survivors. However, there is little information about his associated variables. The aimed to know the prevalence and variables associated with insomnia among COVID-19 survivors in Colombian adults. Method: Three hundred and thirty COVID-19 survivors participated in a cross-sectional study. Insomnia was quantified with the Athens Insomnia Scale (cut-off score ≤ 6, Cronbach's alpha of 0.90). Results: COVID-19 survivors were between 18 and 89 years (Mean = 47.7, SD = 15.2); the majority were women (61.5%), university-educated (62.4%), low income (71.2%), married or free union (66.1%), not healthcare workers (85.8%), without comorbidities (63.0%), asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 (66.1%), duration of COVID-19 symptoms in less than three weeks (80.0%) and remission of symptoms less two months by the day of study participation (73.0%). Scores on the Athens Insomnia Scale were observed between 0 and 24 (M = 7.3, SD = 5.1, Me = 7, IQR = 3 - 10), 60% presented insomnia. Insomnia was associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms (OR = 8.8, 95%CI 2.7 - 29.5), COVID-19 symptoms for more than three weeks (OR = 2.1, 95%CI 1.1 - 3.9), female gender (OR = 1.9, 95%CI 1.2 - 3.2) and married or free union marital status (OR = 1.8, 95%CI 1.1 - 3.0). Conclusion: The frequency of insomnia in COVID-19 survivors is high and mainly related to post-traumatic stress, symptoms of COVID-19 for more than three weeks, and the female gender. It is necessary to implement follow-up studies over time to evaluate the persistence of insomnia.
Abstract The study aimed to adapt and explore the psychometric performance of the Fear of COVID-1... more Abstract The study aimed to adapt and explore the psychometric performance of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) in the general Colombian population. The original FCV-19S is a 7-item scale that underwent an adaptation (Item 1 and 5 were deleted). From an online sample of 1,687 adults (59% female), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed for versions of the scale with 6 and 5 items. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega were calculated. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 5-item scale (Fear of COVID-5) presented better indicators. In conclusion, the Fear of COVID-5 has acceptable performance in the Colombian population.
In 2016 and 2017, the suicide rate in Colombia went up from 5.20 to 5.72, respectively. The same ... more In 2016 and 2017, the suicide rate in Colombia went up from 5.20 to 5.72, respectively. The same trend was observed for the State of Magdalena for the same period with an increase in the rates that went from 3.37 in 2016 and 4.27 per one hundred thousand inhabitants in 20171,2. The suicide rate in the State of Magdalena occupies third place among the departments of the Colombian Caribbean region1
The study’s purpose was to examine the prevalence and explore some factors associated with cyberb... more The study’s purpose was to examine the prevalence and explore some factors associated with cyberbullying in high-school adolescents at Santa Marta, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was designed, which participated in students between 13 and 17 years. Participants completed the item for being a victim of cyberbullying of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey for high school students designed by the Center for Disease Control of the United States. A total of 1462 students answered the questionnaire (M = 14.4 years, SD = 0.8). 19.6% ( n = 287) reported lifetime cyberbullying victimisation. Cyberbullying victimisation was associated with post-traumatic stress disorder risk (OR = 2.05, 95%CI 1.51–2.79), lifetime cigarette smoking (OR = 1.91, 95%CI 1.42–2.57), female gender (OR = 1.68, 95%CI 1.25–2.26), family dysfunction (OR = 1.68, 95%CI 1.18–2.41), and poor-fair health condition (OR = 1.45, 95%CI 1.08–1.95). Being a victim of cyberbullying is frequent among Colombian high-school adolescents. It is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder risk, cigarette smoking, female gender, family dysfunction, and poor-fair general health condition. Longitudinal investigations are needed to measure better the dynamics of cyberbullying and the nature of such associations.
To establish the validity of the BHS-20, a sample of 2064 adolescent students aged 14 and 17 year... more To establish the validity of the BHS-20, a sample of 2064 adolescent students aged 14 and 17 years (M = 15.61, SD = 1.05) were invited to participate in the research. Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s omega (ω) were computed to evaluate the internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the dimensionality of the BHS-20. The Spearman correlation ( r s) with depressive symptoms and risk of suicide scores of the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale were computed to explore the nomological validity. The BHS-20 showed a high internal consistency (α = .81, ω = .93), an adequate one-dimensional structure with an excellent adjustment [χ2 S-B = 341, df = 170, p < .01, Comparative Fit Index = .99, RMSEA = .03] and acceptable nomological validity with depressive symptoms ( r s = .47, p < .01) and scores for suicide risk ( r s = .33, p < .01). In conclusion, current results suggest that the BHS-20 demonstrates validity and reliability among Colombian adolescent students.
The study aimed to quantify the association between last-month cigarette smoking and lifetime sui... more The study aimed to quantify the association between last-month cigarette smoking and lifetime suicide behaviors in high-school students at Santa Marta, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was designed in which high-school students participated. They were asked about last-month cigarette smoking and lifetime suicide behaviors (suicide ideation, plan, and attempt). Crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated and adjusted for confounding variables. A total of 1,462 students participated and they were between 13 and 17 ( M = 14.4, SD = 0.8) years, and 60.3% girls. The last-month prevalence of cigarette smoking was 11.6%, lifetime suicide ideation 10.2%, plan 18.5%, and attempted 15.4%. Cigarette smoking was associated with suicide ideation (OR = 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.17, 2.41]), suicide plan (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = [1.33, 2.93]), and suicide attempt (OR = 2.79, 95% CI = [1.87, 4.17]), after adjusting for gender, family function, and depressive symptoms. In conclusion, cigarette...
El Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES) de los Estados Unidos introdujo con la escala para de... more El Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES) de los Estados Unidos introdujo con la escala para depresión (CES-D) y otra escala para cuantificar en forma rápida ideación suicida (CES-IS) durante las dos semanas más recientes; sin embargo, se conoce poco del rendimiento psicométrico de este instrumento. El objetivo fue verificar el desempeño psicométrico de la CES-IS en adolescentes escolarizados de un municipio de Boyacá, Colombia. Se realizó un estudio de validación con la participación de 363 estudiantes de un municipio de características rurales en edades entre 10 y 17 años (media=13; DE=1,8); 55,4% de los estudiantes de sexo femenino y 44,5% de sexo masculino. Los adolescentes diligenciaron los cuatro ítems de la CES-IS, una versión de diez ítems de la (CES-D-10) y la escala de Rosenberg para autoestima (ERA). Se estimó la consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald), la estructura dimensional (análisis factorial confirmatorio, AFC) y la convergencia con la CES-D-1...
Background and Purpose:The negative attitude towards vaccines for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) ... more Background and Purpose:The negative attitude towards vaccines for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has motivated the adaptation of instruments for this specific purpose. However, details of the reliability and validity of these scales are unknown. The study aimed to evaluate some indicators of the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccines Scale.Methods:A validation study was carried out with 1,136 students of emerging age (18 and 29 years) from a Colombian university; 65.5% were female. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega were calculated for reliability, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes for validity. Additionally, the gender differential item functioning (DIF) was estimated with Kendall’s tau b.Results:The Spanish version of Attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccines Scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of .94 and McDonald’s omega of .95), a one-dimensional structure with acceptable goodness-of-fit indicator...
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