Increasing salinity is a cause of concern for meeting UN sustainable development goals and needs ... more Increasing salinity is a cause of concern for meeting UN sustainable development goals and needs urgent mitigation strategies. The widespread use of salinity tolerant rootstocks in salt-sensitive fruits provides long-term solutions to the harsh effects of soil salinization. Polyembryonic mango cultivar 13-1, a salinity-tolerant variety from Israel, was used to unravel initial salt adaptive mechanism by imposing a salinity screen at 200mM NaCl. Differentially accumulated proteins were separated through 2-D electrophoresis (pH gradient 4.0-7.0), and identified through properties of pI and molecular weight by annotation against Citrus isoelectric focusing database. Protein spots (309) were detected on Coomassie-stained gels and about 22 spots were found differentially expressed in control and stress. Overproduction of stress-related proteins like polygalacturonase (97 kDa/4.9PI) and alcohol dehydrogenase (38kDa/5.6PI) is linked to enhanced cell wall integrity, transpiration rate regulation and ionic maintenance in adaptability mechanism. The upregulated phenylpropanoid pathway proteins p-coumaroyl ester, Flavanone3-hydroxylase-2 and UDP-glycosyl transferase are also involved in stress alleviation through flavonoid accumulation. Glutathione S-transferase was also identified with 2.21-fold accumulation in plants exposed to salinity stress, thereby elucidating its role in oxidative stress mitigation. Cell wall and cytoskeleton metabolism-related proteins were also found to be associated with salinity adaptation in mango cv 13-1. Differential accumulation of proteins implicated in signal transduction pathway, transcription regulation and hormone signaling were also identified. Thus, role of differentially expressed proteins under initial salinity stress conditions provide new insights molecular adjustment mechanisms orchestrated by mango rootstock variety by hormone signaling, osmotic arrangements, cytoskeleton modifications, phenol accumulation and transcription regulation.
Fungicides are expected to protect crop plants from fungi infection without harming the crop plan... more Fungicides are expected to protect crop plants from fungi infection without harming the crop plants. Mancozeb (MZ(2-)] zinc, is a fungicide of the carbamate pesticide family. Registered for use on a variety of vegetables, fruits, nuts and grain crops, it is also used for seed treatment of cotton, potatoes, corn, safflower, sorghum, peanuts, tomatoes, flax, and cereal grains. In present study, toxic influence of mancozeb, commonly used fungicide in agricultural practices was checked on seed and seedling growth of two pulses namely Vigna radiata and V. mungo. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of germination, survival, root shoot ratio, tolerance index, vigour index and phytotoxicity of the two genotypes seeds exposed to eight concentration of MZ viz. 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130 and 150 ppm assessed after 7 and 15 days of fungicide treatment. In general the seeds of both Vigna genotypes showed a marginal decrease in the rate of germination, survival, root shoot rati...
Fungicides are expected to protect crop plants from fungi infection without harming the crop plan... more Fungicides are expected to protect crop plants from fungi infection without harming the crop plants. Mancozeb (MZ), [[1,2-ethanediylbis-[carbamodithioato]] (2-)] manganese, mixture with [[1,2-etha-nediylbis-[carbamodithioato]](2-)] zinc, is a fungicide of the carbamate pesticide family. Registered for use on a variety of vegetables, fruits, nuts and grain crops, it is also used for seed treatment of cotton, potatoes, corn, safflower, sorghum, peanuts, tomatoes, flax, and cereal grains. In present study, toxic influence of mancozeb, commonly used fungicide in agricultural practices was checked on seed and seedling growth of two pulses namely Vigna radiata and V. mungo. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of germination, survival, root shoot ratio, tolerance index, vigour index and phytotoxicity of the two genotypes seeds exposed to eight concentration of MZ viz. 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130 and 150 ppm assessed after 7 and 15 days of fungicide treatment. In general t...
Abiotic stress particularly salinity is a prime threat and alarming signal to environment health ... more Abiotic stress particularly salinity is a prime threat and alarming signal to environment health due to cruelly effect on plant by restraining growth and yield. Furthermore, a problem has also been worsened by anthropogenic activities. Thusly, there is a much logical seat on researchers to upgrade edit profitability under natural worry keeping in mind the end goal to adapt to the expanding nourishment requests. The abiotic stresses, for example, saltiness, dry season, frosty, and warm contrarily impact the survival, biomass generation and yield of staple sustenance crops. As per a gauge of FAO, more than 6 % of the world's territory is influenced by salinity. As follows, salinity showed an impression of being a negative commanding factor to plant and finally less harvest profitability. Here, in this review, an effort has been made to the discussed effect of salinity on different parts of plant metabolism and its defense techniques opted by plants. Also, various other strategies ...
At present plants continuously exposed to salinity stress due to the challenging environment that... more At present plants continuously exposed to salinity stress due to the challenging environment that has reduced the crop growth and productivity worldwide. Application of phytohormones by using seed priming method emerges as one of the most reliable and cost effective to alleviate the toxic effect of salinity stress. In this study, we evaluate the effect of seed-primed salicylic acid (SA) to reduce the adverse effect of different salt concentrations (0, 100, 200, and 300 mM NaCl) in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings. After seedling emergence, percent seed germination was calculated; however, after 60 days; plants were sampled for studying the growth and photosynthetic traits, lipid peroxidation level, antioxidant activities, ions accumulation, and its sequestration. The results depicted that salinity treatments hampered overall growth performance and induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Salinity also has negatively influence on ion accumulation as Na+ ion increased whil...
Objective: Use of plant based drugs and chemicals for curing various ailments and personal adornm... more Objective: Use of plant based drugs and chemicals for curing various ailments and personal adornment is as old as human civilization. Plants and plant-based medicaments are the basis of many of the modern pharmaceuticals we use today for our various ailments. The present paper deals with the phytochemical screening of medicinally important compounds from Nigella sativa , an important medicinal plant, in its different germination phases. This study involves the preliminary screening, quantitative determination and the qualitative thin layer chromatographic separation of some important secondary metabolites from the seeds (collected from market) and its different germinating stages till the complete seedling with two leaves arose. Method: A qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis was performed for the detection of various bioactive compounds viz. alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins through standard biochemical assays and thin layer chromatograp...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016
Objective : In recent years cyanobacteria has gained much importance due to the presence of secon... more Objective : In recent years cyanobacteria has gained much importance due to the presence of secondary metabolites possessing several biological activities like antibacterial, antifungal, anti algal, antiprotozoal, and antiviral activities. Nostoc muscurum , a member of family Nostocaceae, known to have components with potent bioactive properties. The present investigation deals with the analysis of total polar lipids of Nostoc muscurum and its antioxidant potential. Methods : Culture of Nostoc muscurum was grown under lab conditions. Cells were harvested in earlier stationary phase and total polar lipid extracted by modified Bligh and Dyer method. Antioxidant analysis of total polar lipid was done by DPPH free radical method. Finally, total polar lipid was transesterified, and components were identified by GC-MS analysis. Results : Highest percentage inhibition of free radical (65%) was detected at concentration 500 µg/ml which might be due to the presence of bioactive principles he...
International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 2014
Cyanobacteria are among the earliest of inhabitants of Planet Earth and are highly diverse member... more Cyanobacteria are among the earliest of inhabitants of Planet Earth and are highly diverse members of the current global biodiversity and are making significant contributions to the Carbon and Nitrogen bio-geochemical cycles, particularly in the deep oceans. Cyanobacteria in recent year have gained importance because of their potential use in various areas of research. This diverse group has application in various fields like biotechnology, pharmacology, agriculture etc. Due to presence of wide spectrum of bioactive compounds cyanobacteria has possesses antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities. Several strains of cyanobacteria are also rich in food supplements. Further nitrogen fixing capacity of cyanobacteria has attracted agriculturists and researchers and they used blue green algae as a component of biofertilizers to improve both the fertility of soil as well as growth of plants. Recent studies have also shown that cyanobacteria have capability to degrade en...
Nigella sativa (black cumin; Kalonji is an annual herbaceous plant growing in Western Asia and th... more Nigella sativa (black cumin; Kalonji is an annual herbaceous plant growing in Western Asia and the Mediterranean region for its seeds which is used as an important spice and condiment. Seed germination is a complex process that involves the activation of specific enzymes at the appropriate times and regulation of their activity. It has been shown that seed germination percentage might be related to the efficiency of free radical scavenging in dry seeds because this scavenging can affect merely seed storage and vigor. Some authors have shown that production of ROS during seed germination may be a beneficial biological reaction, one that is linked with germination capacity, seedling development, and protection against parasitic organisms during germination. For these reason there is a growing interest in the functional role of ROS and corresponding scavenging enzymic systems in seed germination. Antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), POD, and catalase (CAT) are cons...
ABSTRACT Nigella sativa is an important medicinal plant and is commonly used as a condiment. The ... more ABSTRACT Nigella sativa is an important medicinal plant and is commonly used as a condiment. The changes in the primary metabolic pathways during various phases of seed germination lead to the changes in the concentration of carbohydrates and proteins. A better understanding of the biochemical and physiological changes taking place during germination is required to understand important biological processes like stress tolerance, respiration and mitochondrial electron transport chain and photosynthetic carbon fixation. Biochemical analysis of the seeds of Nigella sativa was done at different stages of germination. Soluble sugars were extracted following the method adopted by Homme et al. (1992) and determined with anthrone reagent. Total fructans was calculated in various phases by method of Roe (1934) using resorcinol reagent and the total protein content was determined by Lowry et al.'s (1951) method of estimation. It was observed that the seeds had maximum amount of soluble sugars at 10 days, fructans at 8 days and proteins at 5 days.
Increasing salinity is a cause of concern for meeting UN sustainable development goals and needs ... more Increasing salinity is a cause of concern for meeting UN sustainable development goals and needs urgent mitigation strategies. The widespread use of salinity tolerant rootstocks in salt-sensitive fruits provides long-term solutions to the harsh effects of soil salinization. Polyembryonic mango cultivar 13-1, a salinity-tolerant variety from Israel, was used to unravel initial salt adaptive mechanism by imposing a salinity screen at 200mM NaCl. Differentially accumulated proteins were separated through 2-D electrophoresis (pH gradient 4.0-7.0), and identified through properties of pI and molecular weight by annotation against Citrus isoelectric focusing database. Protein spots (309) were detected on Coomassie-stained gels and about 22 spots were found differentially expressed in control and stress. Overproduction of stress-related proteins like polygalacturonase (97 kDa/4.9PI) and alcohol dehydrogenase (38kDa/5.6PI) is linked to enhanced cell wall integrity, transpiration rate regulation and ionic maintenance in adaptability mechanism. The upregulated phenylpropanoid pathway proteins p-coumaroyl ester, Flavanone3-hydroxylase-2 and UDP-glycosyl transferase are also involved in stress alleviation through flavonoid accumulation. Glutathione S-transferase was also identified with 2.21-fold accumulation in plants exposed to salinity stress, thereby elucidating its role in oxidative stress mitigation. Cell wall and cytoskeleton metabolism-related proteins were also found to be associated with salinity adaptation in mango cv 13-1. Differential accumulation of proteins implicated in signal transduction pathway, transcription regulation and hormone signaling were also identified. Thus, role of differentially expressed proteins under initial salinity stress conditions provide new insights molecular adjustment mechanisms orchestrated by mango rootstock variety by hormone signaling, osmotic arrangements, cytoskeleton modifications, phenol accumulation and transcription regulation.
Fungicides are expected to protect crop plants from fungi infection without harming the crop plan... more Fungicides are expected to protect crop plants from fungi infection without harming the crop plants. Mancozeb (MZ(2-)] zinc, is a fungicide of the carbamate pesticide family. Registered for use on a variety of vegetables, fruits, nuts and grain crops, it is also used for seed treatment of cotton, potatoes, corn, safflower, sorghum, peanuts, tomatoes, flax, and cereal grains. In present study, toxic influence of mancozeb, commonly used fungicide in agricultural practices was checked on seed and seedling growth of two pulses namely Vigna radiata and V. mungo. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of germination, survival, root shoot ratio, tolerance index, vigour index and phytotoxicity of the two genotypes seeds exposed to eight concentration of MZ viz. 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130 and 150 ppm assessed after 7 and 15 days of fungicide treatment. In general the seeds of both Vigna genotypes showed a marginal decrease in the rate of germination, survival, root shoot rati...
Fungicides are expected to protect crop plants from fungi infection without harming the crop plan... more Fungicides are expected to protect crop plants from fungi infection without harming the crop plants. Mancozeb (MZ), [[1,2-ethanediylbis-[carbamodithioato]] (2-)] manganese, mixture with [[1,2-etha-nediylbis-[carbamodithioato]](2-)] zinc, is a fungicide of the carbamate pesticide family. Registered for use on a variety of vegetables, fruits, nuts and grain crops, it is also used for seed treatment of cotton, potatoes, corn, safflower, sorghum, peanuts, tomatoes, flax, and cereal grains. In present study, toxic influence of mancozeb, commonly used fungicide in agricultural practices was checked on seed and seedling growth of two pulses namely Vigna radiata and V. mungo. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of germination, survival, root shoot ratio, tolerance index, vigour index and phytotoxicity of the two genotypes seeds exposed to eight concentration of MZ viz. 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130 and 150 ppm assessed after 7 and 15 days of fungicide treatment. In general t...
Abiotic stress particularly salinity is a prime threat and alarming signal to environment health ... more Abiotic stress particularly salinity is a prime threat and alarming signal to environment health due to cruelly effect on plant by restraining growth and yield. Furthermore, a problem has also been worsened by anthropogenic activities. Thusly, there is a much logical seat on researchers to upgrade edit profitability under natural worry keeping in mind the end goal to adapt to the expanding nourishment requests. The abiotic stresses, for example, saltiness, dry season, frosty, and warm contrarily impact the survival, biomass generation and yield of staple sustenance crops. As per a gauge of FAO, more than 6 % of the world's territory is influenced by salinity. As follows, salinity showed an impression of being a negative commanding factor to plant and finally less harvest profitability. Here, in this review, an effort has been made to the discussed effect of salinity on different parts of plant metabolism and its defense techniques opted by plants. Also, various other strategies ...
At present plants continuously exposed to salinity stress due to the challenging environment that... more At present plants continuously exposed to salinity stress due to the challenging environment that has reduced the crop growth and productivity worldwide. Application of phytohormones by using seed priming method emerges as one of the most reliable and cost effective to alleviate the toxic effect of salinity stress. In this study, we evaluate the effect of seed-primed salicylic acid (SA) to reduce the adverse effect of different salt concentrations (0, 100, 200, and 300 mM NaCl) in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings. After seedling emergence, percent seed germination was calculated; however, after 60 days; plants were sampled for studying the growth and photosynthetic traits, lipid peroxidation level, antioxidant activities, ions accumulation, and its sequestration. The results depicted that salinity treatments hampered overall growth performance and induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Salinity also has negatively influence on ion accumulation as Na+ ion increased whil...
Objective: Use of plant based drugs and chemicals for curing various ailments and personal adornm... more Objective: Use of plant based drugs and chemicals for curing various ailments and personal adornment is as old as human civilization. Plants and plant-based medicaments are the basis of many of the modern pharmaceuticals we use today for our various ailments. The present paper deals with the phytochemical screening of medicinally important compounds from Nigella sativa , an important medicinal plant, in its different germination phases. This study involves the preliminary screening, quantitative determination and the qualitative thin layer chromatographic separation of some important secondary metabolites from the seeds (collected from market) and its different germinating stages till the complete seedling with two leaves arose. Method: A qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis was performed for the detection of various bioactive compounds viz. alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins through standard biochemical assays and thin layer chromatograp...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016
Objective : In recent years cyanobacteria has gained much importance due to the presence of secon... more Objective : In recent years cyanobacteria has gained much importance due to the presence of secondary metabolites possessing several biological activities like antibacterial, antifungal, anti algal, antiprotozoal, and antiviral activities. Nostoc muscurum , a member of family Nostocaceae, known to have components with potent bioactive properties. The present investigation deals with the analysis of total polar lipids of Nostoc muscurum and its antioxidant potential. Methods : Culture of Nostoc muscurum was grown under lab conditions. Cells were harvested in earlier stationary phase and total polar lipid extracted by modified Bligh and Dyer method. Antioxidant analysis of total polar lipid was done by DPPH free radical method. Finally, total polar lipid was transesterified, and components were identified by GC-MS analysis. Results : Highest percentage inhibition of free radical (65%) was detected at concentration 500 µg/ml which might be due to the presence of bioactive principles he...
International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 2014
Cyanobacteria are among the earliest of inhabitants of Planet Earth and are highly diverse member... more Cyanobacteria are among the earliest of inhabitants of Planet Earth and are highly diverse members of the current global biodiversity and are making significant contributions to the Carbon and Nitrogen bio-geochemical cycles, particularly in the deep oceans. Cyanobacteria in recent year have gained importance because of their potential use in various areas of research. This diverse group has application in various fields like biotechnology, pharmacology, agriculture etc. Due to presence of wide spectrum of bioactive compounds cyanobacteria has possesses antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities. Several strains of cyanobacteria are also rich in food supplements. Further nitrogen fixing capacity of cyanobacteria has attracted agriculturists and researchers and they used blue green algae as a component of biofertilizers to improve both the fertility of soil as well as growth of plants. Recent studies have also shown that cyanobacteria have capability to degrade en...
Nigella sativa (black cumin; Kalonji is an annual herbaceous plant growing in Western Asia and th... more Nigella sativa (black cumin; Kalonji is an annual herbaceous plant growing in Western Asia and the Mediterranean region for its seeds which is used as an important spice and condiment. Seed germination is a complex process that involves the activation of specific enzymes at the appropriate times and regulation of their activity. It has been shown that seed germination percentage might be related to the efficiency of free radical scavenging in dry seeds because this scavenging can affect merely seed storage and vigor. Some authors have shown that production of ROS during seed germination may be a beneficial biological reaction, one that is linked with germination capacity, seedling development, and protection against parasitic organisms during germination. For these reason there is a growing interest in the functional role of ROS and corresponding scavenging enzymic systems in seed germination. Antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), POD, and catalase (CAT) are cons...
ABSTRACT Nigella sativa is an important medicinal plant and is commonly used as a condiment. The ... more ABSTRACT Nigella sativa is an important medicinal plant and is commonly used as a condiment. The changes in the primary metabolic pathways during various phases of seed germination lead to the changes in the concentration of carbohydrates and proteins. A better understanding of the biochemical and physiological changes taking place during germination is required to understand important biological processes like stress tolerance, respiration and mitochondrial electron transport chain and photosynthetic carbon fixation. Biochemical analysis of the seeds of Nigella sativa was done at different stages of germination. Soluble sugars were extracted following the method adopted by Homme et al. (1992) and determined with anthrone reagent. Total fructans was calculated in various phases by method of Roe (1934) using resorcinol reagent and the total protein content was determined by Lowry et al.'s (1951) method of estimation. It was observed that the seeds had maximum amount of soluble sugars at 10 days, fructans at 8 days and proteins at 5 days.
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Papers by Aisha Kamal