The present study was undertaken to study the antidiabetic activity of the aqueous extract of Euc... more The present study was undertaken to study the antidiabetic activity of the aqueous extract of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. leaf in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The activity of the extract was studied on glucose loaded and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In both the tests, the extract has shown significant and considerable antidiabetic effect in a dose dependent manner. On oral administration of the extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight, the reduction of blood glucose level was 22.9% after 4th hr and on continuous administration the reduction in blood glucose level after 21 days was 49.9 and 56.8% with dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg of body weight respectively. Aqueous extract of leaves of E. citriodora exhibited significant antidiabetic activity which was comparable with the standard drug Glibenclamide.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the Alysicarpus vaginalis alcoholic extract... more Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the Alysicarpus vaginalis alcoholic extract as a reducing agent and a capping ligand was carried out. Notable peaks of λmax 442–602 nm indicated the reduction of silver ions to elemental AgNPs. Particle size (Zavg) was in the range of 32.3±0.76 to 252.3±0.342 nm). The negative Zeta potential (ZP, −2.9±0.31 to −21.7±0.13 mV) and low polydispersity index (PDI, 0.181±0.02 to 0.635±0.02) supported the homogeneous nature of AgNPs. Further, crystalline spherical nature of AgNPs with a smooth surface was confirmed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies. The AgNPs showed 1.2 to 1.4‐fold enhanced antibacterial activity than extract (6–10 mm zone of inhibition) against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica ser. Typhi by disc diffusion assay. The AgNP formulation F9 showed equal (against Gram‐positive L. monocytogenes) or even better (against Gram‐negative...
Putranjiva rouxburghii is an herbal plant that has been used to improve female reproductive healt... more Putranjiva rouxburghii is an herbal plant that has been used to improve female reproductive health in ancient Indian ayurveda based medicinal system. Despite the widespread use, no scientific evidence is available to support its safety. In this study, we evaluated the acute and sub acute toxicity of P. roxburghii hydro-alcoholic leaf extracts in rat animal model. In acute toxicity, healthy rats were given 2000mg/kg body weight of P.roxburghii leaf extract for 14 days. In a sub acute toxicity experiment, healthy rats were divided into four groups and group A was given plane water whereas, group B, C and D was given 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bodyweight leaf extract for 28 days. At intervals of 7 days, bodyweight, feed consumption, water intake, biochemical, pathological and molecular parameters were evaluated. The dose 2000mg/kg bodyweight used in acute toxicity study showed there were no clinical signs of toxicity. The LD50 of the P.roxburghii extract was anticipated to be above 2000mg/...
139-146The antidiarrhoeal activity of Cryptocoryne spiralis rhizomes extract (250, 500, 750 mg/kg... more 139-146The antidiarrhoeal activity of Cryptocoryne spiralis rhizomes extract (250, 500, 750 mg/kg, po) was evaluated using faecal excretion, castor oil-induced diarrhoea, small intestinal transit, intestinal fluid accumulation, gastric emptying and PGE2 induced enteropooling models in rats. In addition, various biochemical estimations, histopathological studies and antibacterial evaluations on strains responsible for diarrhoea were also performed. The results illustrated a significant reduction in normal faecal output rate after 5th and 7th h of treatment, while castor oil-induced diarrhoea model depicted a protection of 55.44% at same dose level from diarrhoea. The other models except, gastric emptying test demonstrated more pronounced effect at same dose level. A significant inhibition in nitric oxide, increase in carbohydrates, protein, DNA, Na+ and K+ level with minimum degeneration of colonic fibrous tissues and potent antibacterial activity were also observed. The antidiarrhoe...
SummaryThe present study investigated if the presence of encircling granulosa cells protected aga... more SummaryThe present study investigated if the presence of encircling granulosa cells protected against di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-induced oxidative stress in rat oocytes cultured in vitro. Denuded oocytes and cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were treated with or without various doses of DEHP (0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM) in vitro. Morphological apoptotic changes, levels of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and expression levels of apoptotic markers (Bcl2, Bax, cytochrome c) were analyzed. Our results showed that DEHP induced morphological apoptotic changes in a dose-dependent manner in denuded oocytes cultured in vitro. The effective dose of DEHP (400 µg) significantly (P>0.05) increased oxidative stress by elevating ROS levels and the mitochondrial membrane potential with higher mRNA expression and protein levels of apoptotic markers (Bax, cytochrome c). Encircling granulosa cells protected oocytes from DEHP-i...
: Early mushrooms were categorized under functional food/ nutritional food. However, later on, an... more : Early mushrooms were categorized under functional food/ nutritional food. However, later on, an increasing number of scientific studies strongly support their role in disease prevention and suppression or remission of a diseased state. Mycotherapy of cancer, a new promising field, can deal with anti-cancerogenic agents derived from mushrooms. Rich in nutritive value, undemanding cultivation conditions, and with an army of health-promoting bioactive molecules, collectively makes Pleurotus mushroom ideal for a researcher to investigate the anticancer potential. The present review is a literature survey on electronic search by two database search engines: Science direct and Pub med on anticancer potential of Pleurotus species until 2021. This data profiling will fast track information regarding the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of different types of Pleurotus species, along with identifying the bioactivemolecules responsible for anticancer potential with their underlying mechanism of action. Resultant findings from the electronic search revealed that till 2021, nearly 13 species of Pleurotus mushroom have been studied as anticancer potential. The biomarkers responsible for activity are mostly higher molecular weight molecules, comprising polysaccharides, polypeptides, proteins, lectins, and enzymes. The lower molecular weight molecules like terpenoids, sterols, and phenolic compounds are less explored and untapped. The main underlying mechanism for the anticancer activity of Pleurotus mushrooms is the induction of the mitochondria intrinsic pathway. For anticancer, Pleurotus mushrooms are widely formulated as metal nanoparticles. Altogether, with this detailed insight may impart the researcher a path to be addressed, thus driving mass attention to identify novel,effective, and safer anticancer potential biomarker.
The present study was undertaken to study the antidiabetic activity of the aqueous extract of Euc... more The present study was undertaken to study the antidiabetic activity of the aqueous extract of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. leaf in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The activity of the extract was studied on glucose loaded and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In both the tests, the extract has shown significant and considerable antidiabetic effect in a dose dependent manner. On oral administration of the extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight, the reduction of blood glucose level was 22.9% after 4th hr and on continuous administration the reduction in blood glucose level after 21 days was 49.9 and 56.8% with dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg of body weight respectively. Aqueous extract of leaves of E. citriodora exhibited significant antidiabetic activity which was comparable with the standard drug Glibenclamide.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the Alysicarpus vaginalis alcoholic extract... more Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the Alysicarpus vaginalis alcoholic extract as a reducing agent and a capping ligand was carried out. Notable peaks of λmax 442–602 nm indicated the reduction of silver ions to elemental AgNPs. Particle size (Zavg) was in the range of 32.3±0.76 to 252.3±0.342 nm). The negative Zeta potential (ZP, −2.9±0.31 to −21.7±0.13 mV) and low polydispersity index (PDI, 0.181±0.02 to 0.635±0.02) supported the homogeneous nature of AgNPs. Further, crystalline spherical nature of AgNPs with a smooth surface was confirmed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies. The AgNPs showed 1.2 to 1.4‐fold enhanced antibacterial activity than extract (6–10 mm zone of inhibition) against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica ser. Typhi by disc diffusion assay. The AgNP formulation F9 showed equal (against Gram‐positive L. monocytogenes) or even better (against Gram‐negative...
Putranjiva rouxburghii is an herbal plant that has been used to improve female reproductive healt... more Putranjiva rouxburghii is an herbal plant that has been used to improve female reproductive health in ancient Indian ayurveda based medicinal system. Despite the widespread use, no scientific evidence is available to support its safety. In this study, we evaluated the acute and sub acute toxicity of P. roxburghii hydro-alcoholic leaf extracts in rat animal model. In acute toxicity, healthy rats were given 2000mg/kg body weight of P.roxburghii leaf extract for 14 days. In a sub acute toxicity experiment, healthy rats were divided into four groups and group A was given plane water whereas, group B, C and D was given 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bodyweight leaf extract for 28 days. At intervals of 7 days, bodyweight, feed consumption, water intake, biochemical, pathological and molecular parameters were evaluated. The dose 2000mg/kg bodyweight used in acute toxicity study showed there were no clinical signs of toxicity. The LD50 of the P.roxburghii extract was anticipated to be above 2000mg/...
139-146The antidiarrhoeal activity of Cryptocoryne spiralis rhizomes extract (250, 500, 750 mg/kg... more 139-146The antidiarrhoeal activity of Cryptocoryne spiralis rhizomes extract (250, 500, 750 mg/kg, po) was evaluated using faecal excretion, castor oil-induced diarrhoea, small intestinal transit, intestinal fluid accumulation, gastric emptying and PGE2 induced enteropooling models in rats. In addition, various biochemical estimations, histopathological studies and antibacterial evaluations on strains responsible for diarrhoea were also performed. The results illustrated a significant reduction in normal faecal output rate after 5th and 7th h of treatment, while castor oil-induced diarrhoea model depicted a protection of 55.44% at same dose level from diarrhoea. The other models except, gastric emptying test demonstrated more pronounced effect at same dose level. A significant inhibition in nitric oxide, increase in carbohydrates, protein, DNA, Na+ and K+ level with minimum degeneration of colonic fibrous tissues and potent antibacterial activity were also observed. The antidiarrhoe...
SummaryThe present study investigated if the presence of encircling granulosa cells protected aga... more SummaryThe present study investigated if the presence of encircling granulosa cells protected against di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)-induced oxidative stress in rat oocytes cultured in vitro. Denuded oocytes and cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were treated with or without various doses of DEHP (0.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM) in vitro. Morphological apoptotic changes, levels of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and expression levels of apoptotic markers (Bcl2, Bax, cytochrome c) were analyzed. Our results showed that DEHP induced morphological apoptotic changes in a dose-dependent manner in denuded oocytes cultured in vitro. The effective dose of DEHP (400 µg) significantly (P>0.05) increased oxidative stress by elevating ROS levels and the mitochondrial membrane potential with higher mRNA expression and protein levels of apoptotic markers (Bax, cytochrome c). Encircling granulosa cells protected oocytes from DEHP-i...
: Early mushrooms were categorized under functional food/ nutritional food. However, later on, an... more : Early mushrooms were categorized under functional food/ nutritional food. However, later on, an increasing number of scientific studies strongly support their role in disease prevention and suppression or remission of a diseased state. Mycotherapy of cancer, a new promising field, can deal with anti-cancerogenic agents derived from mushrooms. Rich in nutritive value, undemanding cultivation conditions, and with an army of health-promoting bioactive molecules, collectively makes Pleurotus mushroom ideal for a researcher to investigate the anticancer potential. The present review is a literature survey on electronic search by two database search engines: Science direct and Pub med on anticancer potential of Pleurotus species until 2021. This data profiling will fast track information regarding the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of different types of Pleurotus species, along with identifying the bioactivemolecules responsible for anticancer potential with their underlying mechanism of action. Resultant findings from the electronic search revealed that till 2021, nearly 13 species of Pleurotus mushroom have been studied as anticancer potential. The biomarkers responsible for activity are mostly higher molecular weight molecules, comprising polysaccharides, polypeptides, proteins, lectins, and enzymes. The lower molecular weight molecules like terpenoids, sterols, and phenolic compounds are less explored and untapped. The main underlying mechanism for the anticancer activity of Pleurotus mushrooms is the induction of the mitochondria intrinsic pathway. For anticancer, Pleurotus mushrooms are widely formulated as metal nanoparticles. Altogether, with this detailed insight may impart the researcher a path to be addressed, thus driving mass attention to identify novel,effective, and safer anticancer potential biomarker.
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