Background: Peri-implantitis is an infectious disease around dental implants characterized by inf... more Background: Peri-implantitis is an infectious disease around dental implants characterized by inflammation of the peri-implant connective tissues and progressive loss of supporting bone, with an estimated prevalence of around 22%. Peri-implantitis microbiota is different from that observed in both periodontitis and healthy implants. Knowledge of this microbiota is crucial for the proper treatment of the disease. Objective: To assess the differences in the oral microbiota in dental implant-bearing patients with and without peri-implantitis. Methods: A search for studies on microbiota and peri-implantitis up to June 2021 was conducted in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, LILACS, and Google Scholar. For dichotomous outcomes, the effects of the intervention were expressed as odds ratios (OR) using Mantel-Haenszel (M-H) method with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Twelve studies with 1324 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Peri-implantitis patients were more likely to be carriers of the following microorganisms: Tannerella forsythia (OR=3.17, 95% CI: 1.55 to 6.51, P<0.01); Prevotella intermedia (OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.73 to 2.82, P<0.001); Treponema denticola (OR=2.18, 95% CI: 1.70 to 2.79, P<0.001); Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.16 to 3.59, P=0.01); Fusobacterium nucleatum (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.72, P<0.01), and Campylobacter rectus (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.32 to 2.17, P<0.001). In contrast, the bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mitis were more prevalent in peri-implantitis patients but not significantly (P>0.05). Conclusion: Peri-implantitis modifies the quantitative and qualitative composition of the oral microbiota.
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the antibiofilm effects of a triple antibiotic ... more INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the antibiofilm effects of a triple antibiotic solution (TAs), a double antibiotic solution (DAs), and 5%, 2.5% and 1.25% Diclofenac solutions (DCs) against Enteroccocus faecalis biofilm. METHODS Eighty-four sterile radicular dentin blocks were used as biofilm substrate for three weeks. The study groups were: 1) 1 mg/mL TAs (minocycline, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin); 2) 1 mg/mL DAs (metronidazole and ciprofloxacin); 3) 5% DCs; 4) 2.5% DCs; 5) 1.25% DCs, and 6) 0.9% saline solution. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by bacterial count determinations and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The contact time for the antimicrobial tests was 5 minutes. Bacterial counts were expressed as the reduction percentage of colony forming units (CFUs); for the CSLM evaluation, the Log10 total biovolume and percentage of green population (live cells) were calculated. RESULTS The CFU reduction percentage ranged between 62.98 and 98.62, respectively for TAs and 5% DCs. The DCs showed a concentration-dependent effect. For the CLSM, the Log10 total biovolume in all groups was very similar, and showed a scarce (1.39 to 1.02) but significant reduction with respect to the control. 5% and 2.5% DCs gave the lowest viable cell percentage. Groups TAs and DAs showed intermediate values without significant differences between them. CONCLUSIONS Solutions of DCs at 5% and 2.5% have greater antimicrobial effects than TAs and DAs, and may be considered a valid alternative for controlling the infection of teeth with apical periodontitis.
Objective: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that affects 1%-2% o... more Objective: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that affects 1%-2% of the population. Candida species superinfection can aggravate the symptoms of OLP, especially of the erosive forms, and promote malignant transformation by producing carcinogenics as nitrosamines or acetaldehyde. On the other hand, antifungal treatment of Candida-infected OLPs improves the clinical symptoms of the disease. The objective of this study is to assess the possible influence of Candida species colonization in oral lichen planus. Methods: A search for studies on Candida and oral lichen planus was performed in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus. Data analysis: The estimated prevalence of Candida detection in OLP was calculated according to the DerSimonian and Laird random model. For dichotomous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as odds ratio (OR) using Mantel-Haenszel (M-H) method with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Twenty-four studies were included in this meta-analysis. The estimated prevalence of Candida species detection in oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions was 37.00% (95% CI: 30.52-43.72%). OLP patients were almost 2½ times more likely to be infected by Candida species compared to healthy controls (OR: 2.48, P < 0.001). Likewise, Candida species superinfection was more likely in erosive OLP forms (OR: 2.53, P < 0.001), and by non-albicans Candida species (OR: 2.33, P = 0.02). Conclusions: More than one-third of OLP lesions are infected by Candida species, modifying their biological behavior.
There are very few epidemiological studies of oral mucosal lesions in Venezuela. None of these st... more There are very few epidemiological studies of oral mucosal lesions in Venezuela. None of these studies has been conducted in the state of Merida. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a population from Merida, Venezuela, describe their oral lesions’ characteristics and analyze the influence of parameters such as oral hygiene habits, harmful habits or parafunctional habits. Of the 8640 patients seen in public and private dental centers from Merida during one year, 120 (1.39%) had oral mucosal lesions. The oral mucosal lesions most frequently found were: traumatic ulcers (17.5%), recurrent herpes labialis (11.7%), denture stomatitis (10%), erythematous candidiasis (10%) and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (9.2%). The main features of these oral mucosal lesions were: more frequent in females and, main location on the gingiva. Moreover, most of them were acute lesions (< 7 days), non-recurring and painful lesions. Neither harmful habits nor parafunctional habits had influence on the clinical features of the lesion.
Anti-DNA antibodies and circulating immune complexes (C1q-IgG) in sera from 50 patients with mino... more Anti-DNA antibodies and circulating immune complexes (C1q-IgG) in sera from 50 patients with minor aphtae at the moment of study and 50 healthy controls, were determined. The obtained results were correlated with chronological and clinical parameters of the disease. Our findings show a greater number of patients than controls with higher values of anti-DNA antibodies. The time from the last active stage of the disease conditioned the anti-DNA antibody levels (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences among the number of recurrences in a year or the number of lesions in a ulcerative stage and the anti-DNA antibody concentrations were observed.
Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects
Background. The role of dairy product consumption on oral cancer risk is not yet fully clarified.... more Background. The role of dairy product consumption on oral cancer risk is not yet fully clarified. Some studies have observed an inverse association between dairy consumption and oral cancer risk. This study aimed to determine the influence of dairy product consumption (milk, cheese, yogurt, butter) on oral cancer risk. Methods. A search for studies on dairy products and oral cancer was conducted in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus. The estimation of the odds ratio (OR) effect was performed with the generic inverse variance method using the logarithm of the effect with the standard error (SE) and 95% confidence intervals. Results. Twenty-one studies with 59271 participants (8,300 oral cancer patients and 50971 controls) were included in this meta-analysis. All dairy products significantly reduced oral cancer risk except butter (P=0.16). Milk intake reduced oral cancer risk by 27% (OR: 0.73; P<0.001); yogurt consumption b...
Introduction: Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to raised periodontal inflammation, a high... more Introduction: Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to raised periodontal inflammation, a higher concentration of periodontopathogens, greater periodontal destruction, and more severe periodontitis. This study aimed to assess the influence of vitamin D and calcium levels on periodontitis. Material and methods: A search for studies on vitamin D, calcium, and periodontal disease was conducted in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus. For continuous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as mean differences (MD), using the inverse variance (IV) method with 95% confidence intervals. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: Thirty-one studies with 14,340 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Periodontitis patients had mean vitamin D concentrations significantly lower than controls without the disease (p<0.001). Likewise, these patients showed significantly lo...
The behaviour of the p53 protein has been investigated in some human carcinomas associated with E... more The behaviour of the p53 protein has been investigated in some human carcinomas associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) but not in EBV-positive oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). The present study aimed to compare the p53 protein expression in EBV-positive OSCC with that in EBV-negative OSCC. The cases had been gathered in a study previously published. An immunohistochemical technique with BP53-12 monoclonal antibody was applied on 74 of the 107 OSCC from the earlier work. The nuclear or cytoplasmic expression of the p53 protein was classified as, absent (0% of neoplastic cells positive), mild (<25% positive), moderate (25-30% positive), or extensive (>50% positive). The p53 protein was expressed by 60.8% of the OSCC. Out of the fourteen EBV-positive OSCC, 57.1% (8 cases) expressed p53, always in the nucleus and never in the cytoplasm. Of the 60 EBV-negative OSCC, 61.6% (37 cases) expressed the p53 protein. Of 37 cases 33 (89.1%) showed nuclear expression of p53 and nineteen cases (51.3%) revealed cytoplasmic expression. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between cytoplasmic expression of the p53 protein and the presence of EBV DNA (p <0.01). Thus, the EBV-positive tumours less frequently expressed p53 in the cytoplasm. No evidence of an accumulation of the p53 protein in OSCC associated with EBV was recorded.
Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen expressed in G1, S, G2 and M phase of cell cycle and absent in quiesce... more Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen expressed in G1, S, G2 and M phase of cell cycle and absent in quiescent cells (G0). In some neoplasms, Ki-67 expression has a prognostic value. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Ki-67 expression like prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Monoclonal antibody MIB-1 that recognizes Ki-67 antigen was used. 74 OSCCs were analyzed. 49% of OSCCs did not express Ki-67 antigen. In the Ki-67 positive tumours, the expression was slight in 36.5%, moderate in 10.8% and intense in 10.8% of the cases. In all the positive OSCCs, the distribution of the marking was patchy in different zones of the tumour, moreover, in 65% of the lesions, the positive cells were located mainly in the proximity of intraoral blood vessels. A significantly more intense expression was noted on tumours that had not been differentiated (p < 0.05), with a larger nuclear pleomorphism (p < 0.05) and in lesions that invaded in the form of disassociated neoplastic cells of in small groups of neoplastic cells (p < 0.001). However, the expression of Ki-67 did not correlate with the mitosis count and it had no influence on survival.
Background: Peri-implantitis is an infectious disease around dental implants characterized by inf... more Background: Peri-implantitis is an infectious disease around dental implants characterized by inflammation of the peri-implant connective tissues and progressive loss of supporting bone, with an estimated prevalence of around 22%. Peri-implantitis microbiota is different from that observed in both periodontitis and healthy implants. Knowledge of this microbiota is crucial for the proper treatment of the disease. Objective: To assess the differences in the oral microbiota in dental implant-bearing patients with and without peri-implantitis. Methods: A search for studies on microbiota and peri-implantitis up to June 2021 was conducted in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, LILACS, and Google Scholar. For dichotomous outcomes, the effects of the intervention were expressed as odds ratios (OR) using Mantel-Haenszel (M-H) method with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Twelve studies with 1324 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Peri-implantitis patients were more likely to be carriers of the following microorganisms: Tannerella forsythia (OR=3.17, 95% CI: 1.55 to 6.51, P&lt;0.01); Prevotella intermedia (OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.73 to 2.82, P&lt;0.001); Treponema denticola (OR=2.18, 95% CI: 1.70 to 2.79, P&lt;0.001); Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.16 to 3.59, P=0.01); Fusobacterium nucleatum (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.72, P&lt;0.01), and Campylobacter rectus (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.32 to 2.17, P&lt;0.001). In contrast, the bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mitis were more prevalent in peri-implantitis patients but not significantly (P&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Peri-implantitis modifies the quantitative and qualitative composition of the oral microbiota.
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the antibiofilm effects of a triple antibiotic ... more INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the antibiofilm effects of a triple antibiotic solution (TAs), a double antibiotic solution (DAs), and 5%, 2.5% and 1.25% Diclofenac solutions (DCs) against Enteroccocus faecalis biofilm. METHODS Eighty-four sterile radicular dentin blocks were used as biofilm substrate for three weeks. The study groups were: 1) 1 mg/mL TAs (minocycline, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin); 2) 1 mg/mL DAs (metronidazole and ciprofloxacin); 3) 5% DCs; 4) 2.5% DCs; 5) 1.25% DCs, and 6) 0.9% saline solution. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by bacterial count determinations and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The contact time for the antimicrobial tests was 5 minutes. Bacterial counts were expressed as the reduction percentage of colony forming units (CFUs); for the CSLM evaluation, the Log10 total biovolume and percentage of green population (live cells) were calculated. RESULTS The CFU reduction percentage ranged between 62.98 and 98.62, respectively for TAs and 5% DCs. The DCs showed a concentration-dependent effect. For the CLSM, the Log10 total biovolume in all groups was very similar, and showed a scarce (1.39 to 1.02) but significant reduction with respect to the control. 5% and 2.5% DCs gave the lowest viable cell percentage. Groups TAs and DAs showed intermediate values without significant differences between them. CONCLUSIONS Solutions of DCs at 5% and 2.5% have greater antimicrobial effects than TAs and DAs, and may be considered a valid alternative for controlling the infection of teeth with apical periodontitis.
Objective: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that affects 1%-2% o... more Objective: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that affects 1%-2% of the population. Candida species superinfection can aggravate the symptoms of OLP, especially of the erosive forms, and promote malignant transformation by producing carcinogenics as nitrosamines or acetaldehyde. On the other hand, antifungal treatment of Candida-infected OLPs improves the clinical symptoms of the disease. The objective of this study is to assess the possible influence of Candida species colonization in oral lichen planus. Methods: A search for studies on Candida and oral lichen planus was performed in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus. Data analysis: The estimated prevalence of Candida detection in OLP was calculated according to the DerSimonian and Laird random model. For dichotomous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as odds ratio (OR) using Mantel-Haenszel (M-H) method with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Twenty-four studies were included in this meta-analysis. The estimated prevalence of Candida species detection in oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions was 37.00% (95% CI: 30.52-43.72%). OLP patients were almost 2½ times more likely to be infected by Candida species compared to healthy controls (OR: 2.48, P < 0.001). Likewise, Candida species superinfection was more likely in erosive OLP forms (OR: 2.53, P < 0.001), and by non-albicans Candida species (OR: 2.33, P = 0.02). Conclusions: More than one-third of OLP lesions are infected by Candida species, modifying their biological behavior.
There are very few epidemiological studies of oral mucosal lesions in Venezuela. None of these st... more There are very few epidemiological studies of oral mucosal lesions in Venezuela. None of these studies has been conducted in the state of Merida. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a population from Merida, Venezuela, describe their oral lesions’ characteristics and analyze the influence of parameters such as oral hygiene habits, harmful habits or parafunctional habits. Of the 8640 patients seen in public and private dental centers from Merida during one year, 120 (1.39%) had oral mucosal lesions. The oral mucosal lesions most frequently found were: traumatic ulcers (17.5%), recurrent herpes labialis (11.7%), denture stomatitis (10%), erythematous candidiasis (10%) and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (9.2%). The main features of these oral mucosal lesions were: more frequent in females and, main location on the gingiva. Moreover, most of them were acute lesions (< 7 days), non-recurring and painful lesions. Neither harmful habits nor parafunctional habits had influence on the clinical features of the lesion.
Anti-DNA antibodies and circulating immune complexes (C1q-IgG) in sera from 50 patients with mino... more Anti-DNA antibodies and circulating immune complexes (C1q-IgG) in sera from 50 patients with minor aphtae at the moment of study and 50 healthy controls, were determined. The obtained results were correlated with chronological and clinical parameters of the disease. Our findings show a greater number of patients than controls with higher values of anti-DNA antibodies. The time from the last active stage of the disease conditioned the anti-DNA antibody levels (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences among the number of recurrences in a year or the number of lesions in a ulcerative stage and the anti-DNA antibody concentrations were observed.
Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects
Background. The role of dairy product consumption on oral cancer risk is not yet fully clarified.... more Background. The role of dairy product consumption on oral cancer risk is not yet fully clarified. Some studies have observed an inverse association between dairy consumption and oral cancer risk. This study aimed to determine the influence of dairy product consumption (milk, cheese, yogurt, butter) on oral cancer risk. Methods. A search for studies on dairy products and oral cancer was conducted in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus. The estimation of the odds ratio (OR) effect was performed with the generic inverse variance method using the logarithm of the effect with the standard error (SE) and 95% confidence intervals. Results. Twenty-one studies with 59271 participants (8,300 oral cancer patients and 50971 controls) were included in this meta-analysis. All dairy products significantly reduced oral cancer risk except butter (P=0.16). Milk intake reduced oral cancer risk by 27% (OR: 0.73; P<0.001); yogurt consumption b...
Introduction: Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to raised periodontal inflammation, a high... more Introduction: Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to raised periodontal inflammation, a higher concentration of periodontopathogens, greater periodontal destruction, and more severe periodontitis. This study aimed to assess the influence of vitamin D and calcium levels on periodontitis. Material and methods: A search for studies on vitamin D, calcium, and periodontal disease was conducted in the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library), Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus. For continuous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as mean differences (MD), using the inverse variance (IV) method with 95% confidence intervals. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: Thirty-one studies with 14,340 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Periodontitis patients had mean vitamin D concentrations significantly lower than controls without the disease (p<0.001). Likewise, these patients showed significantly lo...
The behaviour of the p53 protein has been investigated in some human carcinomas associated with E... more The behaviour of the p53 protein has been investigated in some human carcinomas associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) but not in EBV-positive oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). The present study aimed to compare the p53 protein expression in EBV-positive OSCC with that in EBV-negative OSCC. The cases had been gathered in a study previously published. An immunohistochemical technique with BP53-12 monoclonal antibody was applied on 74 of the 107 OSCC from the earlier work. The nuclear or cytoplasmic expression of the p53 protein was classified as, absent (0% of neoplastic cells positive), mild (<25% positive), moderate (25-30% positive), or extensive (>50% positive). The p53 protein was expressed by 60.8% of the OSCC. Out of the fourteen EBV-positive OSCC, 57.1% (8 cases) expressed p53, always in the nucleus and never in the cytoplasm. Of the 60 EBV-negative OSCC, 61.6% (37 cases) expressed the p53 protein. Of 37 cases 33 (89.1%) showed nuclear expression of p53 and nineteen cases (51.3%) revealed cytoplasmic expression. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between cytoplasmic expression of the p53 protein and the presence of EBV DNA (p <0.01). Thus, the EBV-positive tumours less frequently expressed p53 in the cytoplasm. No evidence of an accumulation of the p53 protein in OSCC associated with EBV was recorded.
Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen expressed in G1, S, G2 and M phase of cell cycle and absent in quiesce... more Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen expressed in G1, S, G2 and M phase of cell cycle and absent in quiescent cells (G0). In some neoplasms, Ki-67 expression has a prognostic value. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Ki-67 expression like prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Monoclonal antibody MIB-1 that recognizes Ki-67 antigen was used. 74 OSCCs were analyzed. 49% of OSCCs did not express Ki-67 antigen. In the Ki-67 positive tumours, the expression was slight in 36.5%, moderate in 10.8% and intense in 10.8% of the cases. In all the positive OSCCs, the distribution of the marking was patchy in different zones of the tumour, moreover, in 65% of the lesions, the positive cells were located mainly in the proximity of intraoral blood vessels. A significantly more intense expression was noted on tumours that had not been differentiated (p < 0.05), with a larger nuclear pleomorphism (p < 0.05) and in lesions that invaded in the form of disassociated neoplastic cells of in small groups of neoplastic cells (p < 0.001). However, the expression of Ki-67 did not correlate with the mitosis count and it had no influence on survival.
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