Introduccion. La hepatitis fulminante es causada principalmente por virus o agentes quimicos. Su ... more Introduccion. La hepatitis fulminante es causada principalmente por virus o agentes quimicos. Su pronostico generalmente es fatal, alcanzando entre 70 y 90 % de mortalidad. Se conoce que en esta patologia juegan un papel importante el estres oxidativo y las citoquinas proinflamatorias (TNFα, IL-1β e IL-6), factores que contribuyen al mal pronostico de la enfermedad. Por otra parte, la pentoxifilina, aparte de sus efectos hemorreologicos, presenta actividad antioxidante y es un potente inhibidor de la secrecion de las citoquinas proinflamatorias. Casos Clinicos. Tomando en cuenta los criterios de diagnostico y severidad del British Kings College, se reportan dos casos pediatricos con diagnostico de hepatitis fulminante subaguda, causada por virus de la hepatitis A. Ambos casos fueron sometidos a tratamiento medico, con medidas anti-amonio con L-ornitato-L-aspartato 1.5 g por sonda nasogastrica, vitamina K 2 mg/12 hr iv, manitol 0.4 mg/Kg de peso/12 hr iv, difenilhidantoinato de sodi...
The Journal of international medical research, 2017
Objective Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a receptor that is thought t... more Objective Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a receptor that is thought to improve recognition of patients with true infection. In this study, we investigated whether Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) is present in urine samples from children with urinary tract infection (UTI) and in samples from healthy children. Methods A total of 128 samples met the inclusion criteria for the study. Urine samples were processed for culture and urinalysis as a regular protocol for patients with UTI. Samples were classified according to culture and urinalysis results. TREM-1 protein expression was detected with flow cytometry and sTREM-1 was assessed by ELISA. Results Flow cytometry showed detectable expression of TREM-1 in 100% of samples, UTI and non-UTI groups ( p < 0.001). Mean fluorescence intensity of TREM-1 was different between the groups ( p < 0.001). Levels of sTREM-1 were detected in patients with UTI, but not in non-UTI patients. Concl...
Endosulfan is a potent organochlorinated pesticide that is known to induce side effects in aquati... more Endosulfan is a potent organochlorinated pesticide that is known to induce side effects in aquatic organisms, including Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). It has been previously shown that endosulfan induces oxidative stress and non-specific activation of splenic macrophages and exacerbated serum interleukin-2 synthesis in Nile tilapia. Endosulfan may promote proliferation of T cells through MAP kinase (MAPK) activated signal transductions. The ERK family of MAPKs includes ERK1 and ERK2. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) molecules are involved in many aspects of cellular survival, and are important for apoptosis or oxidative stress-induced senescence. In order to study the mechanisms by which endosulfan affects fish health, the present study was aimed at evaluating the in vitro effects of this insecticide on proliferation, the ERK1/2 pathway, apoptosis and cell senescence in splenocytes from Nile tilapia. Lymphoproliferation was evaluated by colorimetric method using the WST-1 assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess pERK1/2, apoptosis and senescence, using Annexin V-FITC and β-galactosidase respectively. Experimental data showed that exposure to 7 μg mL(-1) of endosulfan per se increased cellular proliferation, but decreased the lymphoproliferative response to mitogenic stimulus with PMA + ionomycin. Splenocytes exposed to endosulfan for 15-180 min showed significantly higher levels of pERK1/2 than the non-exposed control. Endosulfan mediated a decrease in etoposide-induced apoptosis and provoked cell senescence. In conclusion, exposure of immune cells to a low concentration of endosulfan deregulates their function and may facilitate the development of multiple diseases.
Background WNT7a, a member of the Wnt ligand family implicated in several developmental processes... more Background WNT7a, a member of the Wnt ligand family implicated in several developmental processes, has also been reported to be dysregulated in some types of tumors; however, its function and implication in oncogenesis is poorly understood. Moreover, the expression of this gene and the role that it plays in the biology of blood cells remains unclear. In addition to determining the expression of the WNT7A gene in blood cells, in leukemia-derived cell lines, and in samples of patients with leukemia, the aim of this study was to seek the effect of this gene in proliferation. Methods We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells, sorted CD3 and CD19 cells, four leukemia-derived cell lines, and blood samples from 14 patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 19 clinically healthy subjects. Reverse transcription followed by quantitative Real-time Polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis were performed to determine relative WNT7A expression. Restoration of WNT7a was done em...
The in vivo and in vitro development of apoptosis induced by gamma-irradiation was studied in mou... more The in vivo and in vitro development of apoptosis induced by gamma-irradiation was studied in mouse peritoneal macrophages. The apoptosis index was measured by fluorescence microscopy and DNA electrophoresis. In vivo apoptosis was greatest eight days after 8 Gy total body gamma-irradiation. A DNA ladder electrophoretic pattern was only observed in the gamma-irradiated group. The participation of reactive oxygen species in apoptosis induction was investigated by pretreating mice with the antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase, vitamin E or lipopolysaccharide before gamma-irradiation. Measurement of serum lipoperoxides showed oxidative stress in the gamma-irradiated mice and the protection given by the antioxidants. These results were confirmed using in vitro cultures of peritoneal macrophages: gamma-irradiated groups and antioxidant-pretreated gamma-irradiation groups showed results similar to those observed with in vivo irradiation. A loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (d...
Primary allo-stimulation induces substantial and differentiated modifications in the development ... more Primary allo-stimulation induces substantial and differentiated modifications in the development of cytoplasmic organelles of peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets. The present computer-assisted image analysis provides evidence that the CD4+ subset undergoes significant increase in organelle density after stimulation, while the CD8+ subset exhibits a post-stimulation organelle development proportional to the cell size. Each immunological subset contains two distinct patterns of cytoplasmic organization, here defined as type I (containing a few cytoplasmic organelles) and type II (with well-developed synthesis and storage organelles). On the basis of these findings cytologic parameters could be ascribed to a heterogeneous proliferation of functionally distinct T-cell clones in CD4+ and CD8+ subsets.
RESUMEN La enfermedad granulomatosa crónica (EGC) es una inmunodeficiencia primaria (IDP) en la c... more RESUMEN La enfermedad granulomatosa crónica (EGC) es una inmunodeficiencia primaria (IDP) en la cual existe una incapacidad de los fagocitos para producir radicales libres. Hay diversas técnicas de tamizaje, una de las más sensibles y específicas, ya descrita en la literatura, es la técnica 1-2-3 dihidrorodamina (DHR). Previo a nuestro estudio y hasta donde es de nuestro conocimiento, esta última técnica no se realizaba como prueba de tamizaje para EGC en México. El objetivo de este trabajo fue implementar la DHR para el diagnóstico de EGC en diferentes hospitales de México. Se invitó a profesionales de la salud de diferentes centros hospitalarios pediátricos, que diagnostican y tratan inmunodeficiencias primarias en México a participar en la capacitación de la DHR, considerando que contaran con la infraestructura adecuada. Se capacitaron 28 profesionales de ocho hospitales. Actualmente todos los centros están procesando muestras con la DHR en posibles casos de EGC. Tres de los ocho...
Due to the complexity of the diabetic foot, its high frequency of amputations and accompanying im... more Due to the complexity of the diabetic foot, its high frequency of amputations and accompanying immunosuppression, treatment is difficult. We tested the usefulness of glycophosphopetical immunoregulator as adjuvant therapy for diabetic foot injury. We carried out a prospective double-blind randomized controlled study with 19 patients per group with diabetic foot injury III and IV (Wagner injury classification). The study group was treated orally with glycophosphopeptical (1 g/every 8 h for 4 weeks). Control group was treated with placebo. Both groups received conventional treatment: wound debridement, antibiotic therapy and metabolic control. Area and depth of injury was measured at the beginning of the study and after 2 months. Patients who were healed or showed improvement were quantified as well with serum levels of TNF-α, interferon-γ and IL-1β, 15 days after treatment initiation. The study group was comprised of 13 males and six females (mean age 61.6 ± 14.9 years) and the contr...
Gossypol induced apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes: Involvement of mitochon... more Gossypol induced apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes: Involvement of mitochondrial pathway and reactive oxygen species.
In response to inflammatory stimuli, monocytes/macrophages secrete greater quantities of the proi... more In response to inflammatory stimuli, monocytes/macrophages secrete greater quantities of the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6. The inflammatory process and the innate immune response are related to the activation of ...
The effect of the organochlorinated insecticide endosulfan, on the cytotoxic activity of Nile til... more The effect of the organochlorinated insecticide endosulfan, on the cytotoxic activity of Nile tilapia nonspecific cytotoxic cells (NCC) was assessed. Juvenile Nile tilapia were exposed to endosulfan (7 ppb) for 96 h and splenic NCC were isolated. Flow cytometric phenotyping of NCC was based on the detection of the NCC specific membrane signaling protein NCCRP-1 by using the monoclonal antibody Mab 5C6; granzyme expression was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. The cytotoxic activity of sorted NCC on HL-60 tumoral cells was assessed using propidium iodide (PI) staining of DNA in HL-60 nuclei, indicating dead cells. Nile tilapia splenic NCC had the ability to kill HL-60 tumoral cells, however, the exposure to endosulfan significantly reduced, by a 65%, their cytotoxic activity when using the effector:target ratio of 40:1. Additionally, the exposure to endosulfan tended to increase the expression of NCCRP-1, which is involved in NCC antigen recognition and signaling. Moreover, it decreased the expression of the granzyme gene in exposed group as compared with non-exposed group; however significant differences between groups were not detected. In summary, the acute exposure of Nile tilapia to sublethal concentration of endosulfan induces alteration in function of NCC: significant decrease of cytotoxic activity and a tendency to lower granzyme expression, severe enough to compromise the immunity of this species.
Introduccion. La hepatitis fulminante es causada principalmente por virus o agentes quimicos. Su ... more Introduccion. La hepatitis fulminante es causada principalmente por virus o agentes quimicos. Su pronostico generalmente es fatal, alcanzando entre 70 y 90 % de mortalidad. Se conoce que en esta patologia juegan un papel importante el estres oxidativo y las citoquinas proinflamatorias (TNFα, IL-1β e IL-6), factores que contribuyen al mal pronostico de la enfermedad. Por otra parte, la pentoxifilina, aparte de sus efectos hemorreologicos, presenta actividad antioxidante y es un potente inhibidor de la secrecion de las citoquinas proinflamatorias. Casos Clinicos. Tomando en cuenta los criterios de diagnostico y severidad del British Kings College, se reportan dos casos pediatricos con diagnostico de hepatitis fulminante subaguda, causada por virus de la hepatitis A. Ambos casos fueron sometidos a tratamiento medico, con medidas anti-amonio con L-ornitato-L-aspartato 1.5 g por sonda nasogastrica, vitamina K 2 mg/12 hr iv, manitol 0.4 mg/Kg de peso/12 hr iv, difenilhidantoinato de sodi...
The Journal of international medical research, 2017
Objective Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a receptor that is thought t... more Objective Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a receptor that is thought to improve recognition of patients with true infection. In this study, we investigated whether Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) is present in urine samples from children with urinary tract infection (UTI) and in samples from healthy children. Methods A total of 128 samples met the inclusion criteria for the study. Urine samples were processed for culture and urinalysis as a regular protocol for patients with UTI. Samples were classified according to culture and urinalysis results. TREM-1 protein expression was detected with flow cytometry and sTREM-1 was assessed by ELISA. Results Flow cytometry showed detectable expression of TREM-1 in 100% of samples, UTI and non-UTI groups ( p < 0.001). Mean fluorescence intensity of TREM-1 was different between the groups ( p < 0.001). Levels of sTREM-1 were detected in patients with UTI, but not in non-UTI patients. Concl...
Endosulfan is a potent organochlorinated pesticide that is known to induce side effects in aquati... more Endosulfan is a potent organochlorinated pesticide that is known to induce side effects in aquatic organisms, including Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). It has been previously shown that endosulfan induces oxidative stress and non-specific activation of splenic macrophages and exacerbated serum interleukin-2 synthesis in Nile tilapia. Endosulfan may promote proliferation of T cells through MAP kinase (MAPK) activated signal transductions. The ERK family of MAPKs includes ERK1 and ERK2. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) molecules are involved in many aspects of cellular survival, and are important for apoptosis or oxidative stress-induced senescence. In order to study the mechanisms by which endosulfan affects fish health, the present study was aimed at evaluating the in vitro effects of this insecticide on proliferation, the ERK1/2 pathway, apoptosis and cell senescence in splenocytes from Nile tilapia. Lymphoproliferation was evaluated by colorimetric method using the WST-1 assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess pERK1/2, apoptosis and senescence, using Annexin V-FITC and β-galactosidase respectively. Experimental data showed that exposure to 7 μg mL(-1) of endosulfan per se increased cellular proliferation, but decreased the lymphoproliferative response to mitogenic stimulus with PMA + ionomycin. Splenocytes exposed to endosulfan for 15-180 min showed significantly higher levels of pERK1/2 than the non-exposed control. Endosulfan mediated a decrease in etoposide-induced apoptosis and provoked cell senescence. In conclusion, exposure of immune cells to a low concentration of endosulfan deregulates their function and may facilitate the development of multiple diseases.
Background WNT7a, a member of the Wnt ligand family implicated in several developmental processes... more Background WNT7a, a member of the Wnt ligand family implicated in several developmental processes, has also been reported to be dysregulated in some types of tumors; however, its function and implication in oncogenesis is poorly understood. Moreover, the expression of this gene and the role that it plays in the biology of blood cells remains unclear. In addition to determining the expression of the WNT7A gene in blood cells, in leukemia-derived cell lines, and in samples of patients with leukemia, the aim of this study was to seek the effect of this gene in proliferation. Methods We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells, sorted CD3 and CD19 cells, four leukemia-derived cell lines, and blood samples from 14 patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 19 clinically healthy subjects. Reverse transcription followed by quantitative Real-time Polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis were performed to determine relative WNT7A expression. Restoration of WNT7a was done em...
The in vivo and in vitro development of apoptosis induced by gamma-irradiation was studied in mou... more The in vivo and in vitro development of apoptosis induced by gamma-irradiation was studied in mouse peritoneal macrophages. The apoptosis index was measured by fluorescence microscopy and DNA electrophoresis. In vivo apoptosis was greatest eight days after 8 Gy total body gamma-irradiation. A DNA ladder electrophoretic pattern was only observed in the gamma-irradiated group. The participation of reactive oxygen species in apoptosis induction was investigated by pretreating mice with the antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase, vitamin E or lipopolysaccharide before gamma-irradiation. Measurement of serum lipoperoxides showed oxidative stress in the gamma-irradiated mice and the protection given by the antioxidants. These results were confirmed using in vitro cultures of peritoneal macrophages: gamma-irradiated groups and antioxidant-pretreated gamma-irradiation groups showed results similar to those observed with in vivo irradiation. A loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (d...
Primary allo-stimulation induces substantial and differentiated modifications in the development ... more Primary allo-stimulation induces substantial and differentiated modifications in the development of cytoplasmic organelles of peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets. The present computer-assisted image analysis provides evidence that the CD4+ subset undergoes significant increase in organelle density after stimulation, while the CD8+ subset exhibits a post-stimulation organelle development proportional to the cell size. Each immunological subset contains two distinct patterns of cytoplasmic organization, here defined as type I (containing a few cytoplasmic organelles) and type II (with well-developed synthesis and storage organelles). On the basis of these findings cytologic parameters could be ascribed to a heterogeneous proliferation of functionally distinct T-cell clones in CD4+ and CD8+ subsets.
RESUMEN La enfermedad granulomatosa crónica (EGC) es una inmunodeficiencia primaria (IDP) en la c... more RESUMEN La enfermedad granulomatosa crónica (EGC) es una inmunodeficiencia primaria (IDP) en la cual existe una incapacidad de los fagocitos para producir radicales libres. Hay diversas técnicas de tamizaje, una de las más sensibles y específicas, ya descrita en la literatura, es la técnica 1-2-3 dihidrorodamina (DHR). Previo a nuestro estudio y hasta donde es de nuestro conocimiento, esta última técnica no se realizaba como prueba de tamizaje para EGC en México. El objetivo de este trabajo fue implementar la DHR para el diagnóstico de EGC en diferentes hospitales de México. Se invitó a profesionales de la salud de diferentes centros hospitalarios pediátricos, que diagnostican y tratan inmunodeficiencias primarias en México a participar en la capacitación de la DHR, considerando que contaran con la infraestructura adecuada. Se capacitaron 28 profesionales de ocho hospitales. Actualmente todos los centros están procesando muestras con la DHR en posibles casos de EGC. Tres de los ocho...
Due to the complexity of the diabetic foot, its high frequency of amputations and accompanying im... more Due to the complexity of the diabetic foot, its high frequency of amputations and accompanying immunosuppression, treatment is difficult. We tested the usefulness of glycophosphopetical immunoregulator as adjuvant therapy for diabetic foot injury. We carried out a prospective double-blind randomized controlled study with 19 patients per group with diabetic foot injury III and IV (Wagner injury classification). The study group was treated orally with glycophosphopeptical (1 g/every 8 h for 4 weeks). Control group was treated with placebo. Both groups received conventional treatment: wound debridement, antibiotic therapy and metabolic control. Area and depth of injury was measured at the beginning of the study and after 2 months. Patients who were healed or showed improvement were quantified as well with serum levels of TNF-α, interferon-γ and IL-1β, 15 days after treatment initiation. The study group was comprised of 13 males and six females (mean age 61.6 ± 14.9 years) and the contr...
Gossypol induced apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes: Involvement of mitochon... more Gossypol induced apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes: Involvement of mitochondrial pathway and reactive oxygen species.
In response to inflammatory stimuli, monocytes/macrophages secrete greater quantities of the proi... more In response to inflammatory stimuli, monocytes/macrophages secrete greater quantities of the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6. The inflammatory process and the innate immune response are related to the activation of ...
The effect of the organochlorinated insecticide endosulfan, on the cytotoxic activity of Nile til... more The effect of the organochlorinated insecticide endosulfan, on the cytotoxic activity of Nile tilapia nonspecific cytotoxic cells (NCC) was assessed. Juvenile Nile tilapia were exposed to endosulfan (7 ppb) for 96 h and splenic NCC were isolated. Flow cytometric phenotyping of NCC was based on the detection of the NCC specific membrane signaling protein NCCRP-1 by using the monoclonal antibody Mab 5C6; granzyme expression was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. The cytotoxic activity of sorted NCC on HL-60 tumoral cells was assessed using propidium iodide (PI) staining of DNA in HL-60 nuclei, indicating dead cells. Nile tilapia splenic NCC had the ability to kill HL-60 tumoral cells, however, the exposure to endosulfan significantly reduced, by a 65%, their cytotoxic activity when using the effector:target ratio of 40:1. Additionally, the exposure to endosulfan tended to increase the expression of NCCRP-1, which is involved in NCC antigen recognition and signaling. Moreover, it decreased the expression of the granzyme gene in exposed group as compared with non-exposed group; however significant differences between groups were not detected. In summary, the acute exposure of Nile tilapia to sublethal concentration of endosulfan induces alteration in function of NCC: significant decrease of cytotoxic activity and a tendency to lower granzyme expression, severe enough to compromise the immunity of this species.
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