I have more than 26 years of professional work experience as faculty member in the field of pediatric nursing, education, and training of nursing students. My goal is to improve the health of society members, especially families and children. I am committed to expanding the boundaries of professional nursing knowledge.
Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies
Background: Nurses' job stress can affect their physical and mental health. If sexual health ... more Background: Nurses' job stress can affect their physical and mental health. If sexual health is endangered, the sexual health of the sexual partner might be in trouble. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate sexual dysfunction and related factors in hospital emergency male nurses and its relationship with their spouses' sexual function. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. Data collection tools were the International Men's Erectile Performance Questionnaire and Women's Sexual Performance Index Questionnaire. Male nurses and their spouses completed the questionnaires separately and mailed them. Results: One hundred and ten people participated in this study. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in emergency male nurses and their spouses was 40% and 92.7%, respectively. There was no significant relationship between the sexual dysfunction of male nurses and the sexual dysfunction of their spouses (P = 0.324). There was a statisticall...
Background: Adhering to Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) serves as the driving force behind ma... more Background: Adhering to Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) serves as the driving force behind making decisions based on the best evidence and making efforts for improving the quality of patient care and outcomes. In 2010, promoting the quality of clinical care through implementing CPGs was turned into a priority health policy in Iran as in many other countries. Despite requiring Iranian hospitals to implement CPGs in January 2017, the concept and implementation method of CPGs remained to be clarified. This action research focuses on acquiring an in-depth understanding of how to define and implement CPGs in a selected general hospital in Iran.Methods: This study employs Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) as a commonly-used approach for tackling complex problems with social, political and human dimensions. Given the inherent roles of technical processes, organizational culture, and personnel’ perspectives in providing clinical care, implementing CPGs was considered a complex problem situ...
Introduction: Scoring systems are considered as a guideline for caring personnel in intensive car... more Introduction: Scoring systems are considered as a guideline for caring personnel in intensive care units (ICU) to evaluate patients’ status or estimate recovery chance. Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Use Score (NEMS) is one of these systems. Considerably, the credits of obtained scores of NEMS in different days after patients’ admission or deciding about current status of patients according to previous scores of NEMS are not clear properly. So, this study was performed to evaluate the mean alteration trends and credit of Nine Equivalents of NEMS in internal patients’ admission in intensive care units. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive-prospective study, the information of 156 patients that admitted in critical care units of Edalatian hospital of Mashhad city, were calculated and recorded until 7 days according to demographic questionnaire and NEMS. A purposeful sampling method was adopted and all eligible patients were included. Then using the ROC curve, the validity of ...
A B S T R A C T Aims: Patients under mechanical ventilation suffer agitation and lack of forbeara... more A B S T R A C T Aims: Patients under mechanical ventilation suffer agitation and lack of forbearance due to different reasons, which bring about changes in arterial oxygen saturation. Thus medicinal treatments are often used, which exact various complications. A touch could be an influential physiologic, nonmedicinal stimulus in this procedure. Therefore this study conducted to determine the effect of touch on the level of arterial oxygen saturation in agitated patients under mechanical ventilation. Methods: The present study is an Interventional study of an after-and-before design, which was conducted on 35 patients under mechanical ventilation, who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). These patients aged from 35 to 60. Sampling was carried out based on simple sampling of patients hospitalized in general ICU at Day Hospital, Tehran. In the way that in the intervention group, the nurse touched the patient while standing by him/her. Then the level of arterial blood oxy...
Background: It is challenging to implement evidence-based care and update and improve health care... more Background: It is challenging to implement evidence-based care and update and improve health care policy. Adhering to evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) serves as a guide for making decisions based on the best evidence and making an attempt to improve the quality of patient care and outcomes. Despite the need for implementing CPGs in Iranian hospitals, the concept and implementation method of CPGs are not clear yet. This action research aims to propose the soft systems methodology (SSM) to facilitate the implementation of CPGs in a general hospital in Iran. Methods: We employed the SSM to conceptualize the situation for the implementation of CPGs. Semi-structured in-depth interviews and group discussions with different stakeholders were used to define the purposeful activity model. The SSM tools and techniques were used to identify the main areas of change and select necessary measures to facilitate the implementation of CPGs. Flexible qualitative methods for data co...
Introduction. Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel are exposed to stress. Job stress in EMS... more Introduction. Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel are exposed to stress. Job stress in EMS personnel can reduce their resilience and have adverse effects on their clinical performance and mental health, thus reducing the quality of their work. The present research was performed to determine the effect of psychological hotwash on resilience of emergency medical services personnel. Methods. This study was a quasiexperimental. Sixty-four EMS personnel were randomly divided into two groups of hotwash and control. The psychological hotwash program was performed in the intervention group for a month based on the protocol; however, the control group continued their usual work and received no intervention. A day and six weeks after the psychological hotwash in the intervention group, the resilience of the EMS personnel was remeasured in both groups. Results. Before the intervention, the participants’ mean resilience score was 138.37 ± 7.04 in the intervention group and 137.34 ± 8.48 ...
Background: Hospital bed capacity is one of problems in intensive care unit during at the time of... more Background: Hospital bed capacity is one of problems in intensive care unit during at the time of crisis, emergencies and disasters. At this regard, it seems reverse triage can resolve this issue by using predictive score systems. This study was purposed to develop a reverse triage system in intensive care unit using APACHE II scoring system for crisis, emergencies and disasters situations. Methods: This study was performed by a prospective longitudinal design that lasted from March 2016 to February 2017. Research population were 420 internal patients that were admitted in intensive care units of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Data were collected and documented for each patient by demographic questionnaire and APACHE II scoring system daily until discharging time from intensive care units. The patient's status after discharge from the intensive care unit was used as a criterion for statistical tests. Results: APACHE II mean score in first day of admission was 18.9±16.20. R...
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has considered the ideal rate for cesarean sectio... more Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has considered the ideal rate for cesarean sections to be 10 - 15%. The Iran Ministry of Health introduced the promoting natural childbirth program (PNCP) in 2014 to lower cesarean sections. Objectives: This study presents a model for the implementation of the PNCP. Methods: A mixed study was conducted to determine and prioritize the factors affecting the implementation of PNCP and present a model. We conducted a qualitative study to determine the effective factors of the program by examining the views of 15 gynecologists, anesthesiologists, midwives, and managers in 2019 at Zabol Medical Sciences University. Semi-structured individual and group interviews were used and analyzed with MAXQDA16. In the quantitative phase, a questionnaire of themes was prepared and ranked by 10 experts based on the Likert scale. Then, we used the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution with BT TOPSIS solver software to confirm and ...
Background & Objective: Clinical teaching is an important process that prepares students for ... more Background & Objective: Clinical teaching is an important process that prepares students for professional life The present study aims to identify bachelor nursing students viewpoints toward the effect of lectures behaviors on their learning during clinical courses Methods: This was a descriptive crosssectional study The participants consisted of 145 nursing students Data collection tool was a sevenpoint Likert scale that measured students viewpoints toward the effect of lecturers behaviors on their learning during clinical courses Finally the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics methods and SPSS software Results : Data analysis showed that mean effective behaviors was higher than the average limit (559 ± 121) Moreover behavioral characteristics such as interpersonal relations personality teaching ability evaluation and professional competency obtained the highest scores respectively Conclusion: Professional and appropriated behaviors of lecturers during students clinical courses can enhance their learning Thus the executive authorities and training providers in the field of nursing education must provide the necessary circumstance to enhance lecturers behaviors in clinical settings
Tehran University Medical Journal TUMS Publications, 2016
Background: Coronary artery disease is considered as main factor for patients’ hospitalization. C... more Background: Coronary artery disease is considered as main factor for patients’ hospitalization. Chest pain is the most common symptoms of patients and its assessment is an important factor in coronary artery disease. So, this study aimed to determine the relationship between the severity of chest pain with physiological indexes in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical design that performed on 80 patients with that were hospitalized in coronary care unit of Shahid Mofatteh Hospital in Varamin city, Iran, from March to September, 2014. In this study, the relationship between the chest pain severity and blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, O2 saturation and ST segment alterations were assessed. Finally, the gathered data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean of chest pain severity was 6.51±2.14 in patients. Patients’ age was between 26 to 85 years old and the mean of age was 60.79±13.79 and ...
1 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Scie... more 1 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2 Nursing Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran * Corresponding author: Ali Fakhr-Movahedi, Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. E-mail: Alimovi49@semums.ac.ir
Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a complicated phenomenon in patients with thalassemia major.... more Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a complicated phenomenon in patients with thalassemia major. This study was conducted to clarify the concept of QoL in patients with thalassemia major. Materials and Methods: This study was performed using Roger’s evolutionary method. Electronic databases: Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Medline. The inclusion criteria were papers published in English up to March 2017 with no time limit for publication. The keywords searched in titles, abstracts, and keywords of the studies included quality of life, health-relatedquality of life, thalassemia, thalassemia major, beta thalassemia, and beta thalassemia major. Results: 67 studies were included. QoL in most studies had been evaluated using the SF-36 and PedsQL. The terms QoL, HRQoL, and QL were used interchangeably in most of the studies. In this concept analysis, HRQoL and well-being were recognized as surrogate terms for the QoL in patients with thalassemia ma...
BACKGROUND: Management of cancer complications requires the provision of palliative care as a com... more BACKGROUND: Management of cancer complications requires the provision of palliative care as a comprehensive care by the main and trained members of this method of care. The aim of the present study was to assess the compliance of educational curricula of selected disciplines with the content standards of cancer-related palliative care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this descriptive–comparative study, the content standards of palliative care for nurses, physicians, and social workers were identified based on the World Health Organization guideline and Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing. For this purpose, a separate checklist was prepared for the disciplines with different dimensions. Then the face and content validity of the checklists were checked. Finally, we examined the coordination between selected curricula available on the website of Education Deputy of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education with the dimensions of the checklists. RESULTS: All three curricula in...
Background: Hospital bed capacity is one of problems in intensive care unit during at the time of... more Background: Hospital bed capacity is one of problems in intensive care unit during at the time of crisis, emergencies and disasters. At this regard, it seems reverse triage can resolve this issue by using predictive score systems. This study was purposed to develop a reverse triage system in intensive care unit using APACHE II scoring system for crisis, emergencies and disasters situations. Methods: This study was performed by a prospective longitudinal design that lasted from March 2016 to February 2017. Research population were 420 internal patients that were admitted in intensive care units of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Data were collected and documented for each patient by demographic questionnaire and APACHE II scoring system daily until discharging time from intensive care units. The patient’s status after discharge from the intensive care unit was used as a criterion for statistical tests. Results: APACHE II mean score in first day of admission was 18.9±16.20. Risk ...
Background Palliative care is one of the necessary elements in the treatment of children with can... more Background Palliative care is one of the necessary elements in the treatment of children with cancer. Adaptation of country-specific palliative care practices to universal standards can provide valuable information for health care stakeholders. Aim This study proposed to evaluate the global compliance of palliative care for children with cancer among select Middle Eastern countries. Methods In this comparative study, information about palliative care principles in Iran, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and Turkey was extracted from the literature. Data were collected using a checklist based on the conceptual framework of palliative care inspired by Wolff and Browne's (2011) standards. Then the extracted information was compared and analysed. Findings The palliative care standards in the selected countries did not show full compliance with global standards. In all selected countires, the child's and family's needs were considered, and a comprehensive care approach was follow...
Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies
Background: Nurses' job stress can affect their physical and mental health. If sexual health ... more Background: Nurses' job stress can affect their physical and mental health. If sexual health is endangered, the sexual health of the sexual partner might be in trouble. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate sexual dysfunction and related factors in hospital emergency male nurses and its relationship with their spouses' sexual function. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. Data collection tools were the International Men's Erectile Performance Questionnaire and Women's Sexual Performance Index Questionnaire. Male nurses and their spouses completed the questionnaires separately and mailed them. Results: One hundred and ten people participated in this study. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in emergency male nurses and their spouses was 40% and 92.7%, respectively. There was no significant relationship between the sexual dysfunction of male nurses and the sexual dysfunction of their spouses (P = 0.324). There was a statisticall...
Background: Adhering to Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) serves as the driving force behind ma... more Background: Adhering to Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) serves as the driving force behind making decisions based on the best evidence and making efforts for improving the quality of patient care and outcomes. In 2010, promoting the quality of clinical care through implementing CPGs was turned into a priority health policy in Iran as in many other countries. Despite requiring Iranian hospitals to implement CPGs in January 2017, the concept and implementation method of CPGs remained to be clarified. This action research focuses on acquiring an in-depth understanding of how to define and implement CPGs in a selected general hospital in Iran.Methods: This study employs Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) as a commonly-used approach for tackling complex problems with social, political and human dimensions. Given the inherent roles of technical processes, organizational culture, and personnel’ perspectives in providing clinical care, implementing CPGs was considered a complex problem situ...
Introduction: Scoring systems are considered as a guideline for caring personnel in intensive car... more Introduction: Scoring systems are considered as a guideline for caring personnel in intensive care units (ICU) to evaluate patients’ status or estimate recovery chance. Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Use Score (NEMS) is one of these systems. Considerably, the credits of obtained scores of NEMS in different days after patients’ admission or deciding about current status of patients according to previous scores of NEMS are not clear properly. So, this study was performed to evaluate the mean alteration trends and credit of Nine Equivalents of NEMS in internal patients’ admission in intensive care units. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive-prospective study, the information of 156 patients that admitted in critical care units of Edalatian hospital of Mashhad city, were calculated and recorded until 7 days according to demographic questionnaire and NEMS. A purposeful sampling method was adopted and all eligible patients were included. Then using the ROC curve, the validity of ...
A B S T R A C T Aims: Patients under mechanical ventilation suffer agitation and lack of forbeara... more A B S T R A C T Aims: Patients under mechanical ventilation suffer agitation and lack of forbearance due to different reasons, which bring about changes in arterial oxygen saturation. Thus medicinal treatments are often used, which exact various complications. A touch could be an influential physiologic, nonmedicinal stimulus in this procedure. Therefore this study conducted to determine the effect of touch on the level of arterial oxygen saturation in agitated patients under mechanical ventilation. Methods: The present study is an Interventional study of an after-and-before design, which was conducted on 35 patients under mechanical ventilation, who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). These patients aged from 35 to 60. Sampling was carried out based on simple sampling of patients hospitalized in general ICU at Day Hospital, Tehran. In the way that in the intervention group, the nurse touched the patient while standing by him/her. Then the level of arterial blood oxy...
Background: It is challenging to implement evidence-based care and update and improve health care... more Background: It is challenging to implement evidence-based care and update and improve health care policy. Adhering to evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) serves as a guide for making decisions based on the best evidence and making an attempt to improve the quality of patient care and outcomes. Despite the need for implementing CPGs in Iranian hospitals, the concept and implementation method of CPGs are not clear yet. This action research aims to propose the soft systems methodology (SSM) to facilitate the implementation of CPGs in a general hospital in Iran. Methods: We employed the SSM to conceptualize the situation for the implementation of CPGs. Semi-structured in-depth interviews and group discussions with different stakeholders were used to define the purposeful activity model. The SSM tools and techniques were used to identify the main areas of change and select necessary measures to facilitate the implementation of CPGs. Flexible qualitative methods for data co...
Introduction. Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel are exposed to stress. Job stress in EMS... more Introduction. Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel are exposed to stress. Job stress in EMS personnel can reduce their resilience and have adverse effects on their clinical performance and mental health, thus reducing the quality of their work. The present research was performed to determine the effect of psychological hotwash on resilience of emergency medical services personnel. Methods. This study was a quasiexperimental. Sixty-four EMS personnel were randomly divided into two groups of hotwash and control. The psychological hotwash program was performed in the intervention group for a month based on the protocol; however, the control group continued their usual work and received no intervention. A day and six weeks after the psychological hotwash in the intervention group, the resilience of the EMS personnel was remeasured in both groups. Results. Before the intervention, the participants’ mean resilience score was 138.37 ± 7.04 in the intervention group and 137.34 ± 8.48 ...
Background: Hospital bed capacity is one of problems in intensive care unit during at the time of... more Background: Hospital bed capacity is one of problems in intensive care unit during at the time of crisis, emergencies and disasters. At this regard, it seems reverse triage can resolve this issue by using predictive score systems. This study was purposed to develop a reverse triage system in intensive care unit using APACHE II scoring system for crisis, emergencies and disasters situations. Methods: This study was performed by a prospective longitudinal design that lasted from March 2016 to February 2017. Research population were 420 internal patients that were admitted in intensive care units of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Data were collected and documented for each patient by demographic questionnaire and APACHE II scoring system daily until discharging time from intensive care units. The patient's status after discharge from the intensive care unit was used as a criterion for statistical tests. Results: APACHE II mean score in first day of admission was 18.9±16.20. R...
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has considered the ideal rate for cesarean sectio... more Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has considered the ideal rate for cesarean sections to be 10 - 15%. The Iran Ministry of Health introduced the promoting natural childbirth program (PNCP) in 2014 to lower cesarean sections. Objectives: This study presents a model for the implementation of the PNCP. Methods: A mixed study was conducted to determine and prioritize the factors affecting the implementation of PNCP and present a model. We conducted a qualitative study to determine the effective factors of the program by examining the views of 15 gynecologists, anesthesiologists, midwives, and managers in 2019 at Zabol Medical Sciences University. Semi-structured individual and group interviews were used and analyzed with MAXQDA16. In the quantitative phase, a questionnaire of themes was prepared and ranked by 10 experts based on the Likert scale. Then, we used the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution with BT TOPSIS solver software to confirm and ...
Background & Objective: Clinical teaching is an important process that prepares students for ... more Background & Objective: Clinical teaching is an important process that prepares students for professional life The present study aims to identify bachelor nursing students viewpoints toward the effect of lectures behaviors on their learning during clinical courses Methods: This was a descriptive crosssectional study The participants consisted of 145 nursing students Data collection tool was a sevenpoint Likert scale that measured students viewpoints toward the effect of lecturers behaviors on their learning during clinical courses Finally the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics methods and SPSS software Results : Data analysis showed that mean effective behaviors was higher than the average limit (559 ± 121) Moreover behavioral characteristics such as interpersonal relations personality teaching ability evaluation and professional competency obtained the highest scores respectively Conclusion: Professional and appropriated behaviors of lecturers during students clinical courses can enhance their learning Thus the executive authorities and training providers in the field of nursing education must provide the necessary circumstance to enhance lecturers behaviors in clinical settings
Tehran University Medical Journal TUMS Publications, 2016
Background: Coronary artery disease is considered as main factor for patients’ hospitalization. C... more Background: Coronary artery disease is considered as main factor for patients’ hospitalization. Chest pain is the most common symptoms of patients and its assessment is an important factor in coronary artery disease. So, this study aimed to determine the relationship between the severity of chest pain with physiological indexes in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical design that performed on 80 patients with that were hospitalized in coronary care unit of Shahid Mofatteh Hospital in Varamin city, Iran, from March to September, 2014. In this study, the relationship between the chest pain severity and blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, O2 saturation and ST segment alterations were assessed. Finally, the gathered data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean of chest pain severity was 6.51±2.14 in patients. Patients’ age was between 26 to 85 years old and the mean of age was 60.79±13.79 and ...
1 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Scie... more 1 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2 Nursing Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran * Corresponding author: Ali Fakhr-Movahedi, Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. E-mail: Alimovi49@semums.ac.ir
Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a complicated phenomenon in patients with thalassemia major.... more Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a complicated phenomenon in patients with thalassemia major. This study was conducted to clarify the concept of QoL in patients with thalassemia major. Materials and Methods: This study was performed using Roger’s evolutionary method. Electronic databases: Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Medline. The inclusion criteria were papers published in English up to March 2017 with no time limit for publication. The keywords searched in titles, abstracts, and keywords of the studies included quality of life, health-relatedquality of life, thalassemia, thalassemia major, beta thalassemia, and beta thalassemia major. Results: 67 studies were included. QoL in most studies had been evaluated using the SF-36 and PedsQL. The terms QoL, HRQoL, and QL were used interchangeably in most of the studies. In this concept analysis, HRQoL and well-being were recognized as surrogate terms for the QoL in patients with thalassemia ma...
BACKGROUND: Management of cancer complications requires the provision of palliative care as a com... more BACKGROUND: Management of cancer complications requires the provision of palliative care as a comprehensive care by the main and trained members of this method of care. The aim of the present study was to assess the compliance of educational curricula of selected disciplines with the content standards of cancer-related palliative care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this descriptive–comparative study, the content standards of palliative care for nurses, physicians, and social workers were identified based on the World Health Organization guideline and Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing. For this purpose, a separate checklist was prepared for the disciplines with different dimensions. Then the face and content validity of the checklists were checked. Finally, we examined the coordination between selected curricula available on the website of Education Deputy of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education with the dimensions of the checklists. RESULTS: All three curricula in...
Background: Hospital bed capacity is one of problems in intensive care unit during at the time of... more Background: Hospital bed capacity is one of problems in intensive care unit during at the time of crisis, emergencies and disasters. At this regard, it seems reverse triage can resolve this issue by using predictive score systems. This study was purposed to develop a reverse triage system in intensive care unit using APACHE II scoring system for crisis, emergencies and disasters situations. Methods: This study was performed by a prospective longitudinal design that lasted from March 2016 to February 2017. Research population were 420 internal patients that were admitted in intensive care units of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Data were collected and documented for each patient by demographic questionnaire and APACHE II scoring system daily until discharging time from intensive care units. The patient’s status after discharge from the intensive care unit was used as a criterion for statistical tests. Results: APACHE II mean score in first day of admission was 18.9±16.20. Risk ...
Background Palliative care is one of the necessary elements in the treatment of children with can... more Background Palliative care is one of the necessary elements in the treatment of children with cancer. Adaptation of country-specific palliative care practices to universal standards can provide valuable information for health care stakeholders. Aim This study proposed to evaluate the global compliance of palliative care for children with cancer among select Middle Eastern countries. Methods In this comparative study, information about palliative care principles in Iran, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and Turkey was extracted from the literature. Data were collected using a checklist based on the conceptual framework of palliative care inspired by Wolff and Browne's (2011) standards. Then the extracted information was compared and analysed. Findings The palliative care standards in the selected countries did not show full compliance with global standards. In all selected countires, the child's and family's needs were considered, and a comprehensive care approach was follow...
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