Les nanotechnologies représentent un domaine émergent considéré comme la révolution industrielle ... more Les nanotechnologies représentent un domaine émergent considéré comme la révolution industrielle du 21ème siècle. Les nanomatériaux manufacturés (NMs) vont se retrouver inévitablement dans l’environnement aquatique. Dans un contexte de règlementation des NMs, l’objectif est d’utiliser des approches de lecture croisée pour regrouper les NMs selon différents critères. Pour cela, l’utilisation du criblage à haut debit représente un grand interêt puisque cet outil permet de tester un grand nombre de NMs, à moindre coût. La réglementation est aussi axée sur le concept du safe(r)-by-design (SbD) dans la production des NMs. Ainsi, dans ce travail de thèse, une plateforme HTS basée sur les hémocytes de moule Mytilus edulis a été développée, permettant la mesure de paramètres de viabilité cellulaire ainsi que de l'expression des gènes. Des études de cas proposés par des industriels ont été menés en utilisant cette approche in vitro. En parallèle, une approche in vivo a été menée afin de ...
Les nanotechnologies representent un domaine emergent considere comme la revolution industrielle ... more Les nanotechnologies representent un domaine emergent considere comme la revolution industrielle du 21eme siecle. Les nanomateriaux manufactures (NMs) vont se retrouver inevitablement dans l’environnement aquatique. Dans un contexte de reglementation des NMs, l’objectif est d’utiliser des approches de lecture croisee pour regrouper les NMs selon differents criteres. Pour cela, l’utilisation du criblage a haut debit represente un grand interet puisque cet outil permet de tester un grand nombre de NMs, a moindre cout. La reglementation est aussi axee sur le concept du safe(r)-by-design (SbD) dans la production des NMs. Ainsi, dans ce travail de these, une plateforme HTS basee sur les hemocytes de moule Mytilus edulis a ete developpee, permettant la mesure de parametres de viabilite cellulaire ainsi que de l'expression des genes. Des etudes de cas proposes par des industriels ont ete menes en utilisant cette approche in vitro. En parallele, une approche in vivo a ete menee afin de ...
The attached data represents the first assembly of the copepod Gladioferens pectinatus. It was as... more The attached data represents the first assembly of the copepod Gladioferens pectinatus. It was assembled using the Oyster River Protocol (ORP; MacManes, 2018) following the methodology detailed in the manuscript associated to the NCBI project number PRJNA757132.
H2020 NanoReg2 project data SQL dump for AMBIT chemical substance data management software. See A... more H2020 NanoReg2 project data SQL dump for AMBIT chemical substance data management software. See AMBIT Docker for import instructions. Available online in the <strong>NanoReg2 - eNanoMapper database</strong>. A <strong>user guide</strong> is available.
The Greenshell™ mussel (GSM), Perna canaliculus, is a culturally and commercially important speci... more The Greenshell™ mussel (GSM), Perna canaliculus, is a culturally and commercially important species in New Zealand. Declines in spat settlement of GSM have been observed in important growing areas and the cause(s) have not been identified. One hypothesis is that chemical contaminants could be a contributing factor. The aim to this study was to investigate the effects of acute exposure on early life stages using the anti-microbial triclosan (TCS) as a benchmark toxicant and the blue mussel (BM), Mytilus galloprovincialis, as a reference species. Sperm and embryos of BM and GSM were exposed to TCS for 1 h and 48 h, respectively. Following exposures, a range of parameters were investigated including spermatozoa cellular characteristics via flow cytometry, fertilization success, larval mortality and size. Exposure to TCS negatively impacted functional parameters of sperm, reduced the fertilization success and larval size, and increased larval mortality in both BM and GSM with LC5048h of 94.3 and 213 µg L-1, respectively. Triclosan increased sperm ROS production in both species, which could cause destabilisation of mitochondrial and other cellular membranes, resulting in reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (BM) and increased sperm size (GSM), leading to apoptosis in both species. Fertilization success of GSM was only affected at the highest TCS concentration tested (391 µg L-1), but development of larvae derived from exposed sperm was affected from the lowest concentrations tested (0.5 and 5.2 µg L-1) in both species. This highlights the importance of assessing the sensitivity of contaminants across developmental stages. Results of this study confirm that TCS causes oxidative stress and has membranotropic effects, and that early life stages of the endemic GSM are suitable to assess ecotoxicity of contaminants such as TCS.
Contaminants are often at low concentrations in ecosystems and their effects on exposed organisms... more Contaminants are often at low concentrations in ecosystems and their effects on exposed organisms can occur over long periods of time and across multiple generations. Alterations to subcellular mechanistic pathways in response to exposure to contaminants can provide insights into mechanisms of toxicity that methods measuring higher levels of biological may miss. Analysis of the whole transcriptome can identify novel mechanisms of action leading to impacts in exposed biota. The aim of this study was to characterise how exposures to copper, benzophenone and diclofenac across multiple generations altered molecular expression pathways in the marine copepod Gladioferens pectinatus. Results of the study demonstrated differential gene expression was observed in cultures exposure to diclofenac (569), copper (449) and benzophenone (59). Pathways linked to stress, growth, cellular and metabolic processes were altered by exposure to all three contaminants with genes associated with oxidative stress and xenobiotic regulation also impacted. Protein kinase functioning, cytochrome P450, transcription, skeletal muscle contraction/relaxation, mitochondrial phosphate translocator, protein synthesis and mitochondrial methylation were all differentially expressed with all three chemicals. The results of the study also suggested that using dimethyl sulfoxide as a dispersant influenced the transcriptome and future research may want to investigate it's use in molecular studies. Data generated in this study provides a first look at transcriptomic response of G. pectinatus exposed to contaminants across multiple generations, future research is needed to validate the identified biomarkers and link these results to apical responses such as population growth to demonstrate the predictive capacity of molecular tools.
The Seine Estuary is historically one of the most contaminated estuaries in Europe. In 2002 the e... more The Seine Estuary is historically one of the most contaminated estuaries in Europe. In 2002 the estuary underwent major redevelopment which emphasized environmental remediation to measure biological effects. The present study investigated the health status of the sentinel species Hediste diversicolor in the Seine estuary by comparing data from a sampling campaign immediately after the Seine underwent reconstruction and 10 years afterward. Both studies implemented multiple levels of biological organization ranging from enzymatic biomarkers to population density. Integrative modeling was used to establish a holistic status assessment for H. diversicolor in the Seine. H. diversicolor populations in the Seine estuary were impacted in both campaigns suggesting no significant improvements over the 10-year period. This interpretation however can be improved by increasing the number of reference sites used to establish the baseline natural variation, integrating additional environmental parameters into the model and measuring additional biological endpoints, such as reproductive status.
Nanotechnology is a key enabling technology with billions of euros in global investment from publ... more Nanotechnology is a key enabling technology with billions of euros in global investment from public funding, which include large collaborative projects that have investigated environmental and health safety aspects of nanomaterials, but the reuse of accumulated data is clearly lagging behind. Here we summarize challenges and provide recommendations for the efficient reuse of nanosafety data, in line with the recently established FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) guiding principles. We describe the FAIR-aligned Nanosafety Data Interface, with an aggregated findability, accessibility and interoperability across physicochemical, bio–nano interaction, human toxicity, omics, ecotoxicological and exposure data. Overall, we illustrate a much-needed path towards standards for the optimized use of existing data, which avoids duplication of efforts, and provides a multitude of options to promote safe and sustainable nanotechnology. The proposal of a FAIR-aligned Nanosafety Data Interface can advance findability, accessibility and interoperability across physicochemical, bio–nano interaction, human toxicity, omics, ecotoxicological and exposure data.
The risk of plastic debris, and specifically micro(nano)plastic particles, to ecosystems remains ... more The risk of plastic debris, and specifically micro(nano)plastic particles, to ecosystems remains to be fully characterized. One particular issue that warrants further characterization is the hazards associated with chemical additives within micro(nano)plastic as they are not chemically bound within the polymers and can be persistent and biologically active. Most plastics contain additives and are therefore potential vectors for the introduction of these chemicals into the environment as they leach from plastic, a process that can be accelerated through degradation and weathering processes. There are knowledge gaps on the ecotoxicological effects of plastic additives and how they are released from parent plastic materials as they progressively fragment from the meso to micro and nano scale. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the ecotoxicity of plastic additives and identifies research needs to characterize the hazard they present to exposed biota. The potential ...
Abstract The implementation of Safe(r) by Design (SbD) in industrial innovations requires an inte... more Abstract The implementation of Safe(r) by Design (SbD) in industrial innovations requires an integrated approach where the human, environmental and economic impact of the SbD measures is evaluated across and throughout the nanomaterial (NM) life cycle. SbD was implemented in six industrial companies where SbD measures were applied to NMs, nano-enabled products (NEP) and NM/NEP manufacturing processes. The approach considers human and environmental risks, functionality of the NM/NEP and costs as early as possible in the innovation process, continuing throughout the innovation progresses. Based on the results of the evaluation, a decision has to be made on whether to continue, stop or re-design the NM/NEP/process or to carry out further tests / obtain further data in cases where the uncertainty of the human and environmental risks is too large. However, SbD can also be implemented at later stages when there is already a prototype product or process available, as demonstrated in some of the cases. The SbD measures implemented in some of the case studies did not result in a viable solution. For example the coating of silicon nanoparticles with amorphous carbon increased the conductivity, the stability and reduced the dustiness of the particles and therefore the risk of explosion and the exposure to workers. However the socioeconomic assessment for their use in lithium-ion batteries for cars, when compared to the used of graphite, showed that the increase in performance did not overcome the higher production costs. This work illustrates the complexities of selecting the most appropriate SbD measures and highlights that SbD cannot be solely based on a hazard and exposure assessment but must include other impacts that any SbD measures may have on sustainability including energy consumption and waste generation as well as all associated monetary costs.
Les nanotechnologies représentent un domaine émergent considéré comme la révolution industrielle ... more Les nanotechnologies représentent un domaine émergent considéré comme la révolution industrielle du 21ème siècle. Les nanomatériaux manufacturés (NMs) vont se retrouver inévitablement dans l’environnement aquatique. Dans un contexte de règlementation des NMs, l’objectif est d’utiliser des approches de lecture croisée pour regrouper les NMs selon différents critères. Pour cela, l’utilisation du criblage à haut debit représente un grand interêt puisque cet outil permet de tester un grand nombre de NMs, à moindre coût. La réglementation est aussi axée sur le concept du safe(r)-by-design (SbD) dans la production des NMs. Ainsi, dans ce travail de thèse, une plateforme HTS basée sur les hémocytes de moule Mytilus edulis a été développée, permettant la mesure de paramètres de viabilité cellulaire ainsi que de l'expression des gènes. Des études de cas proposés par des industriels ont été menés en utilisant cette approche in vitro. En parallèle, une approche in vivo a été menée afin de ...
Les nanotechnologies representent un domaine emergent considere comme la revolution industrielle ... more Les nanotechnologies representent un domaine emergent considere comme la revolution industrielle du 21eme siecle. Les nanomateriaux manufactures (NMs) vont se retrouver inevitablement dans l’environnement aquatique. Dans un contexte de reglementation des NMs, l’objectif est d’utiliser des approches de lecture croisee pour regrouper les NMs selon differents criteres. Pour cela, l’utilisation du criblage a haut debit represente un grand interet puisque cet outil permet de tester un grand nombre de NMs, a moindre cout. La reglementation est aussi axee sur le concept du safe(r)-by-design (SbD) dans la production des NMs. Ainsi, dans ce travail de these, une plateforme HTS basee sur les hemocytes de moule Mytilus edulis a ete developpee, permettant la mesure de parametres de viabilite cellulaire ainsi que de l'expression des genes. Des etudes de cas proposes par des industriels ont ete menes en utilisant cette approche in vitro. En parallele, une approche in vivo a ete menee afin de ...
The attached data represents the first assembly of the copepod Gladioferens pectinatus. It was as... more The attached data represents the first assembly of the copepod Gladioferens pectinatus. It was assembled using the Oyster River Protocol (ORP; MacManes, 2018) following the methodology detailed in the manuscript associated to the NCBI project number PRJNA757132.
H2020 NanoReg2 project data SQL dump for AMBIT chemical substance data management software. See A... more H2020 NanoReg2 project data SQL dump for AMBIT chemical substance data management software. See AMBIT Docker for import instructions. Available online in the <strong>NanoReg2 - eNanoMapper database</strong>. A <strong>user guide</strong> is available.
The Greenshell™ mussel (GSM), Perna canaliculus, is a culturally and commercially important speci... more The Greenshell™ mussel (GSM), Perna canaliculus, is a culturally and commercially important species in New Zealand. Declines in spat settlement of GSM have been observed in important growing areas and the cause(s) have not been identified. One hypothesis is that chemical contaminants could be a contributing factor. The aim to this study was to investigate the effects of acute exposure on early life stages using the anti-microbial triclosan (TCS) as a benchmark toxicant and the blue mussel (BM), Mytilus galloprovincialis, as a reference species. Sperm and embryos of BM and GSM were exposed to TCS for 1 h and 48 h, respectively. Following exposures, a range of parameters were investigated including spermatozoa cellular characteristics via flow cytometry, fertilization success, larval mortality and size. Exposure to TCS negatively impacted functional parameters of sperm, reduced the fertilization success and larval size, and increased larval mortality in both BM and GSM with LC5048h of 94.3 and 213 µg L-1, respectively. Triclosan increased sperm ROS production in both species, which could cause destabilisation of mitochondrial and other cellular membranes, resulting in reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (BM) and increased sperm size (GSM), leading to apoptosis in both species. Fertilization success of GSM was only affected at the highest TCS concentration tested (391 µg L-1), but development of larvae derived from exposed sperm was affected from the lowest concentrations tested (0.5 and 5.2 µg L-1) in both species. This highlights the importance of assessing the sensitivity of contaminants across developmental stages. Results of this study confirm that TCS causes oxidative stress and has membranotropic effects, and that early life stages of the endemic GSM are suitable to assess ecotoxicity of contaminants such as TCS.
Contaminants are often at low concentrations in ecosystems and their effects on exposed organisms... more Contaminants are often at low concentrations in ecosystems and their effects on exposed organisms can occur over long periods of time and across multiple generations. Alterations to subcellular mechanistic pathways in response to exposure to contaminants can provide insights into mechanisms of toxicity that methods measuring higher levels of biological may miss. Analysis of the whole transcriptome can identify novel mechanisms of action leading to impacts in exposed biota. The aim of this study was to characterise how exposures to copper, benzophenone and diclofenac across multiple generations altered molecular expression pathways in the marine copepod Gladioferens pectinatus. Results of the study demonstrated differential gene expression was observed in cultures exposure to diclofenac (569), copper (449) and benzophenone (59). Pathways linked to stress, growth, cellular and metabolic processes were altered by exposure to all three contaminants with genes associated with oxidative stress and xenobiotic regulation also impacted. Protein kinase functioning, cytochrome P450, transcription, skeletal muscle contraction/relaxation, mitochondrial phosphate translocator, protein synthesis and mitochondrial methylation were all differentially expressed with all three chemicals. The results of the study also suggested that using dimethyl sulfoxide as a dispersant influenced the transcriptome and future research may want to investigate it's use in molecular studies. Data generated in this study provides a first look at transcriptomic response of G. pectinatus exposed to contaminants across multiple generations, future research is needed to validate the identified biomarkers and link these results to apical responses such as population growth to demonstrate the predictive capacity of molecular tools.
The Seine Estuary is historically one of the most contaminated estuaries in Europe. In 2002 the e... more The Seine Estuary is historically one of the most contaminated estuaries in Europe. In 2002 the estuary underwent major redevelopment which emphasized environmental remediation to measure biological effects. The present study investigated the health status of the sentinel species Hediste diversicolor in the Seine estuary by comparing data from a sampling campaign immediately after the Seine underwent reconstruction and 10 years afterward. Both studies implemented multiple levels of biological organization ranging from enzymatic biomarkers to population density. Integrative modeling was used to establish a holistic status assessment for H. diversicolor in the Seine. H. diversicolor populations in the Seine estuary were impacted in both campaigns suggesting no significant improvements over the 10-year period. This interpretation however can be improved by increasing the number of reference sites used to establish the baseline natural variation, integrating additional environmental parameters into the model and measuring additional biological endpoints, such as reproductive status.
Nanotechnology is a key enabling technology with billions of euros in global investment from publ... more Nanotechnology is a key enabling technology with billions of euros in global investment from public funding, which include large collaborative projects that have investigated environmental and health safety aspects of nanomaterials, but the reuse of accumulated data is clearly lagging behind. Here we summarize challenges and provide recommendations for the efficient reuse of nanosafety data, in line with the recently established FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) guiding principles. We describe the FAIR-aligned Nanosafety Data Interface, with an aggregated findability, accessibility and interoperability across physicochemical, bio–nano interaction, human toxicity, omics, ecotoxicological and exposure data. Overall, we illustrate a much-needed path towards standards for the optimized use of existing data, which avoids duplication of efforts, and provides a multitude of options to promote safe and sustainable nanotechnology. The proposal of a FAIR-aligned Nanosafety Data Interface can advance findability, accessibility and interoperability across physicochemical, bio–nano interaction, human toxicity, omics, ecotoxicological and exposure data.
The risk of plastic debris, and specifically micro(nano)plastic particles, to ecosystems remains ... more The risk of plastic debris, and specifically micro(nano)plastic particles, to ecosystems remains to be fully characterized. One particular issue that warrants further characterization is the hazards associated with chemical additives within micro(nano)plastic as they are not chemically bound within the polymers and can be persistent and biologically active. Most plastics contain additives and are therefore potential vectors for the introduction of these chemicals into the environment as they leach from plastic, a process that can be accelerated through degradation and weathering processes. There are knowledge gaps on the ecotoxicological effects of plastic additives and how they are released from parent plastic materials as they progressively fragment from the meso to micro and nano scale. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the ecotoxicity of plastic additives and identifies research needs to characterize the hazard they present to exposed biota. The potential ...
Abstract The implementation of Safe(r) by Design (SbD) in industrial innovations requires an inte... more Abstract The implementation of Safe(r) by Design (SbD) in industrial innovations requires an integrated approach where the human, environmental and economic impact of the SbD measures is evaluated across and throughout the nanomaterial (NM) life cycle. SbD was implemented in six industrial companies where SbD measures were applied to NMs, nano-enabled products (NEP) and NM/NEP manufacturing processes. The approach considers human and environmental risks, functionality of the NM/NEP and costs as early as possible in the innovation process, continuing throughout the innovation progresses. Based on the results of the evaluation, a decision has to be made on whether to continue, stop or re-design the NM/NEP/process or to carry out further tests / obtain further data in cases where the uncertainty of the human and environmental risks is too large. However, SbD can also be implemented at later stages when there is already a prototype product or process available, as demonstrated in some of the cases. The SbD measures implemented in some of the case studies did not result in a viable solution. For example the coating of silicon nanoparticles with amorphous carbon increased the conductivity, the stability and reduced the dustiness of the particles and therefore the risk of explosion and the exposure to workers. However the socioeconomic assessment for their use in lithium-ion batteries for cars, when compared to the used of graphite, showed that the increase in performance did not overcome the higher production costs. This work illustrates the complexities of selecting the most appropriate SbD measures and highlights that SbD cannot be solely based on a hazard and exposure assessment but must include other impacts that any SbD measures may have on sustainability including energy consumption and waste generation as well as all associated monetary costs.
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