Chapter IV includes case studies of the automotive components and electronics sectors in order to... more Chapter IV includes case studies of the automotive components and electronics sectors in order to illustrate the potentially successful example of India emerging as an important regional player in Asian IPNs. The policy challenges and key recommendations for India to integrate into Asian IPNs are analysed.
The Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR) is a recurrent publication prepared by the T... more The Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR) is a recurrent publication prepared by the Trade and Investment Division of the United Nations, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. It provides information on and independent analyses of trends and developments in: (a) intra- and inter-regional trade in goods and services; (b) foreign direct investment; (c) trade facilitation measures; (d) trade policy measures; and (e) preferential trade policies and agreements. It provides insights into the impacts of these recent and emerging developments on countries’ abilities to meet the challenges of achieving inclusive and sustainable development. This edition of ESCAP’s Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR) highlights the challenges posed by slowing regional trade growth and outlines how changing dynamics in the global economy call for a renewed effort to enhance the prospects of export-led growth, both of merchandise trade and in commercial services. The 2...
Asian and Pacific countries, particularly those in East Asia are major players in the global prod... more Asian and Pacific countries, particularly those in East Asia are major players in the global production-sharing phenomenon. Since the 1990s, global value chains (GVCs) have grown rapidly and integrated a number of Asian countries including the Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN) into the phenomenon while China has emerged as a major assembly center where intermediate inputs from East Asian countries are used in the production of final goods for export to the rest of the world.
A stylised partial equilibrium model of an MNC is developed. The model incorporates key aspects o... more A stylised partial equilibrium model of an MNC is developed. The model incorporates key aspects of outsourcing in a world of falling trade costs. The multinational, with firm-specific capital operates in two countries that differ in factor prices; it produces final goods with firm specific capital but can source multiple intermediate goods internally from each subsidiary (produced with firm-specific capital and labour), or outsource them from domestic or foreign suppliers. There is a potential trade off between scale of final good production and scope of in-house component production. Trade liberalization can affect both country and organization choices of the firm’s component sourcing and final-good production. We also use a previously unused data set on component trade of Toyota in Southeast Asia to conduct an empirical investigation informed by the model insights.
This note identifies Asia-Pacific LDCs and LLDCs with export-portfolios and economies which are a... more This note identifies Asia-Pacific LDCs and LLDCs with export-portfolios and economies which are at greatest risk from the recent collapse in commodity prices (June 2014 to January 2015). The primary objective is to identify countries whose exports have been highly vulnerable to the recent commodity price decline, in an effort to encourage policies which promote export diversification, as well as to offer strategies for effectively managing revenues in commodity-export dependent economies.
This chapter undertakes a comparative analysis between China and India, with a view to understand... more This chapter undertakes a comparative analysis between China and India, with a view to understanding the divergence in the performances of the two countries. Chapter II begins with a comparative overview of the differences in the economic structures of the two countries, followed by a detailed examination of the roles of the two countries in the current landscape of Asian IPNs
The rapidly expanding international production networks driven by multinational firms has stimula... more The rapidly expanding international production networks driven by multinational firms has stimulated economic and trade integration between Asian countries during recent decades. The major countries in East and South-East Asia have benefited from the expanding IPNs, especially in terms of export growth, employment creation and technology transfer. However, the remainder of the region, especially low-income countries, has found increasing their presence in existing IPNs to be a difficult challenge.
A stylised partial equilibrium model of an MNC is developed. The model incorporates key aspects o... more A stylised partial equilibrium model of an MNC is developed. The model incorporates key aspects of outsourcing in a world of falling trade costs. The multinational, with firm-specific capital operates in two countries that differ in factor prices; it produces final goods with firm specific capital but can source multiple intermediate goods internally from each subsidiary (produced with firm-specific capital and labour), or outsource them from domestic or foreign suppliers. There is a potential trade off between scale of final good production and scope of in-house component production. Trade liberalization can affect both country and organization choices of the firm’s component sourcing and finalgood production. We also use a previously unused data set on component trade of Toyota in Southeast Asia to conduct an empirical investigation informed by the model insights.
China has grown to become an economic powerhouse and engine of global demand. However, China’s pr... more China has grown to become an economic powerhouse and engine of global demand. However, China’s projected GDP growth rates are now anticipated to remain below 7% per annum over the next five years. This issue of Trade Insights examines how the ‘new normal’ of lower economic growth in China will impact on the prospects for trade in the Asia-Pacific region. Compared to the hypothetical scenario that China’s economic growth returns to pre-crisis levels within the next five years (by 2019), forecasts show that China’s ‘new normal’ (7% p.a.) would lead to a slowdown in real total Asia-Pacific trade growth from 7.0% to 5.9% by 2019.
Chapter IV includes case studies of the automotive components and electronics sectors in order to... more Chapter IV includes case studies of the automotive components and electronics sectors in order to illustrate the potentially successful example of India emerging as an important regional player in Asian IPNs. The policy challenges and key recommendations for India to integrate into Asian IPNs are analysed.
The Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR) is a recurrent publication prepared by the T... more The Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR) is a recurrent publication prepared by the Trade and Investment Division of the United Nations, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. It provides information on and independent analyses of trends and developments in: (a) intra- and inter-regional trade in goods and services; (b) foreign direct investment; (c) trade facilitation measures; (d) trade policy measures; and (e) preferential trade policies and agreements. It provides insights into the impacts of these recent and emerging developments on countries’ abilities to meet the challenges of achieving inclusive and sustainable development. This edition of ESCAP’s Asia-Pacific Trade and Investment Report (APTIR) highlights the challenges posed by slowing regional trade growth and outlines how changing dynamics in the global economy call for a renewed effort to enhance the prospects of export-led growth, both of merchandise trade and in commercial services. The 2...
Asian and Pacific countries, particularly those in East Asia are major players in the global prod... more Asian and Pacific countries, particularly those in East Asia are major players in the global production-sharing phenomenon. Since the 1990s, global value chains (GVCs) have grown rapidly and integrated a number of Asian countries including the Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN) into the phenomenon while China has emerged as a major assembly center where intermediate inputs from East Asian countries are used in the production of final goods for export to the rest of the world.
A stylised partial equilibrium model of an MNC is developed. The model incorporates key aspects o... more A stylised partial equilibrium model of an MNC is developed. The model incorporates key aspects of outsourcing in a world of falling trade costs. The multinational, with firm-specific capital operates in two countries that differ in factor prices; it produces final goods with firm specific capital but can source multiple intermediate goods internally from each subsidiary (produced with firm-specific capital and labour), or outsource them from domestic or foreign suppliers. There is a potential trade off between scale of final good production and scope of in-house component production. Trade liberalization can affect both country and organization choices of the firm’s component sourcing and final-good production. We also use a previously unused data set on component trade of Toyota in Southeast Asia to conduct an empirical investigation informed by the model insights.
This note identifies Asia-Pacific LDCs and LLDCs with export-portfolios and economies which are a... more This note identifies Asia-Pacific LDCs and LLDCs with export-portfolios and economies which are at greatest risk from the recent collapse in commodity prices (June 2014 to January 2015). The primary objective is to identify countries whose exports have been highly vulnerable to the recent commodity price decline, in an effort to encourage policies which promote export diversification, as well as to offer strategies for effectively managing revenues in commodity-export dependent economies.
This chapter undertakes a comparative analysis between China and India, with a view to understand... more This chapter undertakes a comparative analysis between China and India, with a view to understanding the divergence in the performances of the two countries. Chapter II begins with a comparative overview of the differences in the economic structures of the two countries, followed by a detailed examination of the roles of the two countries in the current landscape of Asian IPNs
The rapidly expanding international production networks driven by multinational firms has stimula... more The rapidly expanding international production networks driven by multinational firms has stimulated economic and trade integration between Asian countries during recent decades. The major countries in East and South-East Asia have benefited from the expanding IPNs, especially in terms of export growth, employment creation and technology transfer. However, the remainder of the region, especially low-income countries, has found increasing their presence in existing IPNs to be a difficult challenge.
A stylised partial equilibrium model of an MNC is developed. The model incorporates key aspects o... more A stylised partial equilibrium model of an MNC is developed. The model incorporates key aspects of outsourcing in a world of falling trade costs. The multinational, with firm-specific capital operates in two countries that differ in factor prices; it produces final goods with firm specific capital but can source multiple intermediate goods internally from each subsidiary (produced with firm-specific capital and labour), or outsource them from domestic or foreign suppliers. There is a potential trade off between scale of final good production and scope of in-house component production. Trade liberalization can affect both country and organization choices of the firm’s component sourcing and finalgood production. We also use a previously unused data set on component trade of Toyota in Southeast Asia to conduct an empirical investigation informed by the model insights.
China has grown to become an economic powerhouse and engine of global demand. However, China’s pr... more China has grown to become an economic powerhouse and engine of global demand. However, China’s projected GDP growth rates are now anticipated to remain below 7% per annum over the next five years. This issue of Trade Insights examines how the ‘new normal’ of lower economic growth in China will impact on the prospects for trade in the Asia-Pacific region. Compared to the hypothetical scenario that China’s economic growth returns to pre-crisis levels within the next five years (by 2019), forecasts show that China’s ‘new normal’ (7% p.a.) would lead to a slowdown in real total Asia-Pacific trade growth from 7.0% to 5.9% by 2019.
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