Magnesium metal batteries are promising candidates for next‐generation high‐energy‐density and lo... more Magnesium metal batteries are promising candidates for next‐generation high‐energy‐density and low‐cost energy storage systems. Their application, however, is precluded by infinite relative volume changes and inevitable side reactions of Mg metal anodes. These issues become more pronounced at large areal capacities that are required for practical batteries. Herein, for the first time, double‐transition‐metal MXene films are developed to promote deeply rechargeable magnesium metal batteries using Mo2Ti2C3 as a representative example. The freestanding Mo2Ti2C3 films, which are prepared using a simple vacuum filtration method, possess good electronic conductivity, unique surface chemistry, and high mechanical modulus. These superior electro‐chemo‐mechanical merits of Mo2Ti2C3 films help to accelerate electrons/ions transfer, suppress electrolyte decomposition and dead Mg formation, as well as maintain electrode structural integrity during long‐term and large‐capacity operation. As a re...
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2022
Herein, we report a facile colorimetric sensor based upon Au/Carbon Dots (Au@CDs) for selective a... more Herein, we report a facile colorimetric sensor based upon Au/Carbon Dots (Au@CDs) for selective and sensitive detection of l -cysteine. Au@CDs are synthesized by a green route from CDs via the one-step reduction method. The as-synthesized Au@CDs exhibit characteristic surface plasmon peak at 528 nm. Furthermore, based on the induced aggregation effect, Au@CDs are demonstrated to detect l -cysteine colorimetric detection. The observed colorimetric response is validated with absorption studies. The facile colorimetric sensor offers a detection limit of 1 mM, based on visual color changes. However, with quantitative absorption studies, the theoretical detection and quantification limit was determined to be 28.5 mM and 86.62 mM, respectively, with a standard deviation of 0.002 ( n = 3) and sensitivity of 0.001 (absorbance/mM). In addition, the developed probe based on Au@CDs is shown to detect l -Cysteine in biological samples.
This work reports a label free, ultrasensitive and selective optical chemosensory system for trac... more This work reports a label free, ultrasensitive and selective optical chemosensory system for trace level detection of selenite (SeO32-), the most toxic form of Selenium, in water. The probe, i.e., carbon quantum dots (CQDs), is designed from citric acid by means of pyrolysis and is interfaced with a newly synthesized nitrogen rich ligand to create a selective sensor platform (functionalized CQDs, fCQDs) for selenite in water matrix. Spectral (NMR, UV-Vis, PL, Raman and FT-IR) and structural (HR-TEM) characteristics of designed new probe are investigated. The developed sensor exhibit high sensitivity (limit of detection = 0.1 ppb), wide detection range (0.1 -1000 ppb range, RSD: 3.2 %) and high selectivity even in the presence of commonly interfering ions reported till date including Cl-, NO3-, NO2-, Br-, F-, As(V), As(III), Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Sr2+, Rb2+, Na+, Ca2+, Cs+, K+, Mg2+, Li+, NH4+, Co2+, etc. The observed selectivity is accounted to designed ligand characteristics in t...
Data science has been an invaluable part of the COVID-19 pandemic response with multiple applicat... more Data science has been an invaluable part of the COVID-19 pandemic response with multiple applications, ranging from tracking viral evolution to understanding the effectiveness of interventions. Asymptomatic breakthrough infections have been a major problem during the ongoing surge of Delta variant globally. Serological discrimination of vaccine response from infection has so far been limited to Spike protein vaccines used in the higher-income regions. Here, we show for the first time how statistical and machine learning (ML) approaches can discriminate SARS-CoV-2 infection from immune response to an inactivated whole virion vaccine (BBV152, Covaxin, India), thereby permitting real-world vaccine effectiveness assessments from cohort-based serosurveys in Asia and Africa where such vaccines are commonly used. Briefly, we accessed serial data on Anti-S and Anti-NC antibody concentration values, along with age, sex, number of doses, and number of days since the last vaccine dose for 1823...
Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering, 2021
Selenium as an element lies at a narrow boundary of micronutrient and toxicant due to its chronic... more Selenium as an element lies at a narrow boundary of micronutrient and toxicant due to its chronic health effects when consumed above 10 ppb. A minimum of 40 µg/day of selenium is, however, recommended to intake in a daily diet. However, its consumption beyond a permissible limit through consumption of contaminated water/food has adverse health effects. Thus, the selective detection of selenium (IV) has received significant attention. In the present work, we report a new method based upon selenium induced crosslinking of Sn-doped Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for selenium (IV) detection in water. The fluorescent probe i.e., Sn-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized by microwave irradiation method and characterized for their optical (UV–Vis, PL, Raman) and structural (FT-IR and HR-TEM) properties. A sharp decrease in the fluorescence of these Sn-doped CQDs was observed when they were exposed to selenium (IV) in water. We further have investigated the probe selectivity using va...
The foreseeable world’s progress and its dependence on petroleum industry have outstretched distr... more The foreseeable world’s progress and its dependence on petroleum industry have outstretched distresses on environment. Thus it has become a global research arena to find a sustainable solution for their degradation from environment. Among many degradation methodologies, photocatalytic degradation is a utilizable method in view of the naturally abundant solar energy on earth and wide opportunities of material bandgap engineering. This chapter will give a brief introduction to the petroleum industry, their geological spread, toxicity, and resultant environmental stress. Then, various methods of petrochemical pollutant degradation are reviewed, and later the principles involving kinetic concepts of petrochemical photocatalytic degradation are discussed. To sum up, the perspectives and advances in photocatalysts based on light irradiation and hybrid scheme are presented for the effectual usage in petrochemical pollutant degradation domain.
With increased industrial revolution the anthropogenic contaminants have found their way into the... more With increased industrial revolution the anthropogenic contaminants have found their way into the natural systems, including air, water (surface, ground, river, etc.), soil, and ultimately to food chain. Thus the scientific community is tirelessly involved in finding solutions for traditional contaminants, such as heavy metals, nitrate, anions (fluorides), and emerging pollutants such as organic pollutants (pesticides). The emerging pollutants, such as agrochemicals, pharmaceutical and personal care products, persistent organic compounds, unconventional transition elements, and nanomaterials, have remained unattended due to the involvement of peer community in pollutants of major concern and lack of suitable quantification technologies. In particular the irresponsible use of agrochemicals by farmers, agrochemical sellers, and government incentive on chemical fertilizers has elevated their level in the environment. This chapter majorly discusses upon the emerging agrochemicals, inclu...
Magnesium metal batteries are promising candidates for next‐generation high‐energy‐density and lo... more Magnesium metal batteries are promising candidates for next‐generation high‐energy‐density and low‐cost energy storage systems. Their application, however, is precluded by infinite relative volume changes and inevitable side reactions of Mg metal anodes. These issues become more pronounced at large areal capacities that are required for practical batteries. Herein, for the first time, double‐transition‐metal MXene films are developed to promote deeply rechargeable magnesium metal batteries using Mo2Ti2C3 as a representative example. The freestanding Mo2Ti2C3 films, which are prepared using a simple vacuum filtration method, possess good electronic conductivity, unique surface chemistry, and high mechanical modulus. These superior electro‐chemo‐mechanical merits of Mo2Ti2C3 films help to accelerate electrons/ions transfer, suppress electrolyte decomposition and dead Mg formation, as well as maintain electrode structural integrity during long‐term and large‐capacity operation. As a re...
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2022
Herein, we report a facile colorimetric sensor based upon Au/Carbon Dots (Au@CDs) for selective a... more Herein, we report a facile colorimetric sensor based upon Au/Carbon Dots (Au@CDs) for selective and sensitive detection of l -cysteine. Au@CDs are synthesized by a green route from CDs via the one-step reduction method. The as-synthesized Au@CDs exhibit characteristic surface plasmon peak at 528 nm. Furthermore, based on the induced aggregation effect, Au@CDs are demonstrated to detect l -cysteine colorimetric detection. The observed colorimetric response is validated with absorption studies. The facile colorimetric sensor offers a detection limit of 1 mM, based on visual color changes. However, with quantitative absorption studies, the theoretical detection and quantification limit was determined to be 28.5 mM and 86.62 mM, respectively, with a standard deviation of 0.002 ( n = 3) and sensitivity of 0.001 (absorbance/mM). In addition, the developed probe based on Au@CDs is shown to detect l -Cysteine in biological samples.
This work reports a label free, ultrasensitive and selective optical chemosensory system for trac... more This work reports a label free, ultrasensitive and selective optical chemosensory system for trace level detection of selenite (SeO32-), the most toxic form of Selenium, in water. The probe, i.e., carbon quantum dots (CQDs), is designed from citric acid by means of pyrolysis and is interfaced with a newly synthesized nitrogen rich ligand to create a selective sensor platform (functionalized CQDs, fCQDs) for selenite in water matrix. Spectral (NMR, UV-Vis, PL, Raman and FT-IR) and structural (HR-TEM) characteristics of designed new probe are investigated. The developed sensor exhibit high sensitivity (limit of detection = 0.1 ppb), wide detection range (0.1 -1000 ppb range, RSD: 3.2 %) and high selectivity even in the presence of commonly interfering ions reported till date including Cl-, NO3-, NO2-, Br-, F-, As(V), As(III), Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Sr2+, Rb2+, Na+, Ca2+, Cs+, K+, Mg2+, Li+, NH4+, Co2+, etc. The observed selectivity is accounted to designed ligand characteristics in t...
Data science has been an invaluable part of the COVID-19 pandemic response with multiple applicat... more Data science has been an invaluable part of the COVID-19 pandemic response with multiple applications, ranging from tracking viral evolution to understanding the effectiveness of interventions. Asymptomatic breakthrough infections have been a major problem during the ongoing surge of Delta variant globally. Serological discrimination of vaccine response from infection has so far been limited to Spike protein vaccines used in the higher-income regions. Here, we show for the first time how statistical and machine learning (ML) approaches can discriminate SARS-CoV-2 infection from immune response to an inactivated whole virion vaccine (BBV152, Covaxin, India), thereby permitting real-world vaccine effectiveness assessments from cohort-based serosurveys in Asia and Africa where such vaccines are commonly used. Briefly, we accessed serial data on Anti-S and Anti-NC antibody concentration values, along with age, sex, number of doses, and number of days since the last vaccine dose for 1823...
Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering, 2021
Selenium as an element lies at a narrow boundary of micronutrient and toxicant due to its chronic... more Selenium as an element lies at a narrow boundary of micronutrient and toxicant due to its chronic health effects when consumed above 10 ppb. A minimum of 40 µg/day of selenium is, however, recommended to intake in a daily diet. However, its consumption beyond a permissible limit through consumption of contaminated water/food has adverse health effects. Thus, the selective detection of selenium (IV) has received significant attention. In the present work, we report a new method based upon selenium induced crosslinking of Sn-doped Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for selenium (IV) detection in water. The fluorescent probe i.e., Sn-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized by microwave irradiation method and characterized for their optical (UV–Vis, PL, Raman) and structural (FT-IR and HR-TEM) properties. A sharp decrease in the fluorescence of these Sn-doped CQDs was observed when they were exposed to selenium (IV) in water. We further have investigated the probe selectivity using va...
The foreseeable world’s progress and its dependence on petroleum industry have outstretched distr... more The foreseeable world’s progress and its dependence on petroleum industry have outstretched distresses on environment. Thus it has become a global research arena to find a sustainable solution for their degradation from environment. Among many degradation methodologies, photocatalytic degradation is a utilizable method in view of the naturally abundant solar energy on earth and wide opportunities of material bandgap engineering. This chapter will give a brief introduction to the petroleum industry, their geological spread, toxicity, and resultant environmental stress. Then, various methods of petrochemical pollutant degradation are reviewed, and later the principles involving kinetic concepts of petrochemical photocatalytic degradation are discussed. To sum up, the perspectives and advances in photocatalysts based on light irradiation and hybrid scheme are presented for the effectual usage in petrochemical pollutant degradation domain.
With increased industrial revolution the anthropogenic contaminants have found their way into the... more With increased industrial revolution the anthropogenic contaminants have found their way into the natural systems, including air, water (surface, ground, river, etc.), soil, and ultimately to food chain. Thus the scientific community is tirelessly involved in finding solutions for traditional contaminants, such as heavy metals, nitrate, anions (fluorides), and emerging pollutants such as organic pollutants (pesticides). The emerging pollutants, such as agrochemicals, pharmaceutical and personal care products, persistent organic compounds, unconventional transition elements, and nanomaterials, have remained unattended due to the involvement of peer community in pollutants of major concern and lack of suitable quantification technologies. In particular the irresponsible use of agrochemicals by farmers, agrochemical sellers, and government incentive on chemical fertilizers has elevated their level in the environment. This chapter majorly discusses upon the emerging agrochemicals, inclu...
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