This final paper discusses the role of a private corporation in the United States which runs the ... more This final paper discusses the role of a private corporation in the United States which runs the private prison industry, Correction Corporation of America (CCA), against the passage of an SB1070 policy on illegal immigrants in Arizona in 2010. This research refers to Theodore Lowi's theory, interest-group liberalism in the United States. The results of this study shows that through American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), an interest group thence, allowing the CCA to acquire unprecedented access to legislators in Arizona and furthermore to lobby. The CCA as a company with high profits is proven to have contributed to campaigns for legislators whom sponsored SB1070 six months after it was passed. This research shows one of a form of Theodore Lowi’s theory about interest-group liberalism.
Cambodia has a vast and active civil society. The number of civil society organisations (CSOs) re... more Cambodia has a vast and active civil society. The number of civil society organisations (CSOs) registered with the Ministry of Interior has grown exponentially from 1 registered in 1991 to 2,675 at the end of 2010. International NGOs play a considerable role in providing humanitarian assistance and other services since the time of the Khmer Rouge. International NGOs operating in Cambodia largely focused on service programs; However, after the bilateral and multilateral donors entered in 1993, an international NGO engaged in activities for community development work, where the effect on the future of democracy in the country. This amount of CSOs and NGOs was influenced by United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC), for example the existence of National Democratic Institute (NDI) in which also affects the democratization in Cambodia. This paper tries to see the effect of UNTAC in strengthening and developing the least number of civil society groups in Cambodia after UNTAC's intervene. This journal uses two theories, civil society and democracy, to analyze the existence of civil society in Cambodia as well as its influence on democratization in Cambodia.
The general election is likely to mark another key step in the process of national transition fro... more The general election is likely to mark another key step in the process of national transition from decades of military rule and is a form of democratization. Election in 2015 marks a historic result when The National League for Democracy (NLD) won the majority. November 8th 2015's elections is an important point in Myanmar's transition from authoritarian rule. Although it has not much experience in running the elections, Myanmar has gone on an orderly and peaceful elections. The victory of NLD brought joy to most of Myanmar citizens as its always been their wish to be commanded under the democracy governance. It also ne of the most promising developments in the history of Myanmar, but there is still a long road ahead before the political future of the nation is secure and consolidated. Therefore, there a lot of challenges and ofcourse there are much works to be done in the NLD administration. This paper tries to explain a little about Myanmar under the military regime, the democracy movements, civil administration, 2015 election, and therefore to the main point of the paper that is the challenges of NLD's administration post 2015's election.
Democratization in the Philippines is often considered as an example of a democratic transition t... more Democratization in the Philippines is often considered as an example of a democratic transition that was brought about by civil society activism. In February 1986, popular demonstrations commonly referred as People Power were followed by the crumbling of the authoritarian regime of Ferdinand Marcos. President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law in 1972 when there was little space for civil society and almost no tolerance for advocacy nongovernment organizations (NGOs) during his rule. His corrupted and brutal regime had awaken the public awareness that what all they wanted was a democracy country. The pressure of the church and other civil society groups at the time of the fall of Marcos is a form of civil society contribution in this democratization. This paper tries to explain how the civil society had influenced to the democratization in the Philippines in terms of contributing to Marcos' fall.
Untouchables in India is more than just an identity, it is more complex. Not only does it cover t... more Untouchables in India is more than just an identity, it is more complex. Not only does it cover the long history of the struggle against religious discourse and discrimination, but also on structures that have been formed for hundreds of years. The socio-economic identity of the untouchables will always be at the very bottom and exploited on daily basis. They were borned to this world, with an auto-status of being abandoned with no choice on how they live their lives. One of them is manual scavening. It is the practice of manual cleaning of human feces from public and private dry toilets and open water channels. In India, where the country has consistently adopted a caste system based on religion and custom, women and people outside the caste are accustomed to be manual scavengers, where they collect human waste every day and empty dry toilets in their areas without adequate equipment (they do not have masks on, or any equipments on -read). Until finally, in 1994, a movement named Safai Karmachari Andolan (SKA) was formed, which focused on this issue. This movement fights for a decent livelihood for Dalits who become manual scavengers to get more humane work by doing various activities and actions.
The September 11th tragedy in New York, Washington DC and Pennsylvania was one of the worst human... more The September 11th tragedy in New York, Washington DC and Pennsylvania was one of the worst humanity case and terrorism attack that ever happened in The United States even in the world. The attack that was believed was initiated by al-Qaeda an organisation based in Afghanistan had hit The U.S as a superpower country. This paper tries to examine the U.S. response towards the counter-terrorism based on the 9/11 attack. The aim of this paper is to examine how the administration of G.W Bush initiated and implemented security policies regarding the terrorism issue, which was War on Terrorism. The analysis focuses on what policy and acts that the Bush's administration adapted during the worst days post 9/11 tragedy.
This paper refers to a final paper written by Achmad Dedi Faozi. It discusses about how O’Keefe c... more This paper refers to a final paper written by Achmad Dedi Faozi. It discusses about how O’Keefe case affected the White Policy in Australia. Begins in year 1947 where an Indonesian wartime refugee Mrs. Annie O’keefe was deported by Australia’s Minister of Immigration which was Arthur Augustus Calwell in that period. She was sent a letter by the government which commands her and her children to leave Australia even though she had married with an Australian man. This paper tries to explain how Mrs. Annie O’keefe struggled to oppose the policy and how the society of Australia shown sympathy towards it. The society of Australia which was dominated by labour that time make the position of government experienced several problems until 1949, the policies was changed toward immigration regulation at Australia. This O’keefe case and the act of society defending Mrs. O’Keefe within the government might affected the White Australia Policy existence in Australia.
Keadaan di Korea Selatan banyak berubah sejak tahun 1993, ketika sebuah pemerintahan demokratis y... more Keadaan di Korea Selatan banyak berubah sejak tahun 1993, ketika sebuah pemerintahan demokratis yang baru didirikan dan mulai menggeser rezim lama termasuk kebijakan budaya. Pemerintahan demokratis dilanjutkan dengan kebijakan yang sejalan dengan globalisasi neoliberal; namun, kebijakan budaya pemerintah, khususnya di sektor film yang sangat berbeda dari orang-orang dari rezim otoriter sebelumnya. Biasanya, industri film Korea tidak diberi dukungan keuangan oleh negara. Pada tahun 1995, pemerintah demokratis meloloskan Motion Picture Promotion Law, yang mendorong investasi modal dalam negeri. Di zaman globalisasi neoliberal, yang dimana pemerintah Korea telah memulai pertumbuhan industri film dalam negeri.
This paper talks about France's nuclear policy post cold war under Francois Mitterrand and Jacque... more This paper talks about France's nuclear policy post cold war under Francois Mitterrand and Jacques Chirac's Administration.
This paper aims to explain how and why the military had a consistent influence in Thailand's poli... more This paper aims to explain how and why the military had a consistent influence in Thailand's politics since the 1990s, by explaining two specific casual explanation at the intervention on 1991 and 2006. A comparative analysis is used to explain the extention of Thailand's military involvement, before and after both two coups. Referring to a journal written by Katsamaporn Rakson, this paper will review the military's role in Thailand's political system by seeing the cause of military intervention, then to describe the pattern of the military interventions in 1996 and 2006 coups, and analysing the difference of both's coups.
This final paper discusses the role of a private corporation in the United States which runs the ... more This final paper discusses the role of a private corporation in the United States which runs the private prison industry, Correction Corporation of America (CCA), against the passage of an SB1070 policy on illegal immigrants in Arizona in 2010. This research refers to Theodore Lowi's theory, interest-group liberalism in the United States. The results of this study shows that through American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), an interest group thence, allowing the CCA to acquire unprecedented access to legislators in Arizona and furthermore to lobby. The CCA as a company with high profits is proven to have contributed to campaigns for legislators whom sponsored SB1070 six months after it was passed. This research shows one of a form of Theodore Lowi’s theory about interest-group liberalism.
Cambodia has a vast and active civil society. The number of civil society organisations (CSOs) re... more Cambodia has a vast and active civil society. The number of civil society organisations (CSOs) registered with the Ministry of Interior has grown exponentially from 1 registered in 1991 to 2,675 at the end of 2010. International NGOs play a considerable role in providing humanitarian assistance and other services since the time of the Khmer Rouge. International NGOs operating in Cambodia largely focused on service programs; However, after the bilateral and multilateral donors entered in 1993, an international NGO engaged in activities for community development work, where the effect on the future of democracy in the country. This amount of CSOs and NGOs was influenced by United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC), for example the existence of National Democratic Institute (NDI) in which also affects the democratization in Cambodia. This paper tries to see the effect of UNTAC in strengthening and developing the least number of civil society groups in Cambodia after UNTAC's intervene. This journal uses two theories, civil society and democracy, to analyze the existence of civil society in Cambodia as well as its influence on democratization in Cambodia.
The general election is likely to mark another key step in the process of national transition fro... more The general election is likely to mark another key step in the process of national transition from decades of military rule and is a form of democratization. Election in 2015 marks a historic result when The National League for Democracy (NLD) won the majority. November 8th 2015's elections is an important point in Myanmar's transition from authoritarian rule. Although it has not much experience in running the elections, Myanmar has gone on an orderly and peaceful elections. The victory of NLD brought joy to most of Myanmar citizens as its always been their wish to be commanded under the democracy governance. It also ne of the most promising developments in the history of Myanmar, but there is still a long road ahead before the political future of the nation is secure and consolidated. Therefore, there a lot of challenges and ofcourse there are much works to be done in the NLD administration. This paper tries to explain a little about Myanmar under the military regime, the democracy movements, civil administration, 2015 election, and therefore to the main point of the paper that is the challenges of NLD's administration post 2015's election.
Democratization in the Philippines is often considered as an example of a democratic transition t... more Democratization in the Philippines is often considered as an example of a democratic transition that was brought about by civil society activism. In February 1986, popular demonstrations commonly referred as People Power were followed by the crumbling of the authoritarian regime of Ferdinand Marcos. President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law in 1972 when there was little space for civil society and almost no tolerance for advocacy nongovernment organizations (NGOs) during his rule. His corrupted and brutal regime had awaken the public awareness that what all they wanted was a democracy country. The pressure of the church and other civil society groups at the time of the fall of Marcos is a form of civil society contribution in this democratization. This paper tries to explain how the civil society had influenced to the democratization in the Philippines in terms of contributing to Marcos' fall.
Untouchables in India is more than just an identity, it is more complex. Not only does it cover t... more Untouchables in India is more than just an identity, it is more complex. Not only does it cover the long history of the struggle against religious discourse and discrimination, but also on structures that have been formed for hundreds of years. The socio-economic identity of the untouchables will always be at the very bottom and exploited on daily basis. They were borned to this world, with an auto-status of being abandoned with no choice on how they live their lives. One of them is manual scavening. It is the practice of manual cleaning of human feces from public and private dry toilets and open water channels. In India, where the country has consistently adopted a caste system based on religion and custom, women and people outside the caste are accustomed to be manual scavengers, where they collect human waste every day and empty dry toilets in their areas without adequate equipment (they do not have masks on, or any equipments on -read). Until finally, in 1994, a movement named Safai Karmachari Andolan (SKA) was formed, which focused on this issue. This movement fights for a decent livelihood for Dalits who become manual scavengers to get more humane work by doing various activities and actions.
The September 11th tragedy in New York, Washington DC and Pennsylvania was one of the worst human... more The September 11th tragedy in New York, Washington DC and Pennsylvania was one of the worst humanity case and terrorism attack that ever happened in The United States even in the world. The attack that was believed was initiated by al-Qaeda an organisation based in Afghanistan had hit The U.S as a superpower country. This paper tries to examine the U.S. response towards the counter-terrorism based on the 9/11 attack. The aim of this paper is to examine how the administration of G.W Bush initiated and implemented security policies regarding the terrorism issue, which was War on Terrorism. The analysis focuses on what policy and acts that the Bush's administration adapted during the worst days post 9/11 tragedy.
This paper refers to a final paper written by Achmad Dedi Faozi. It discusses about how O’Keefe c... more This paper refers to a final paper written by Achmad Dedi Faozi. It discusses about how O’Keefe case affected the White Policy in Australia. Begins in year 1947 where an Indonesian wartime refugee Mrs. Annie O’keefe was deported by Australia’s Minister of Immigration which was Arthur Augustus Calwell in that period. She was sent a letter by the government which commands her and her children to leave Australia even though she had married with an Australian man. This paper tries to explain how Mrs. Annie O’keefe struggled to oppose the policy and how the society of Australia shown sympathy towards it. The society of Australia which was dominated by labour that time make the position of government experienced several problems until 1949, the policies was changed toward immigration regulation at Australia. This O’keefe case and the act of society defending Mrs. O’Keefe within the government might affected the White Australia Policy existence in Australia.
Keadaan di Korea Selatan banyak berubah sejak tahun 1993, ketika sebuah pemerintahan demokratis y... more Keadaan di Korea Selatan banyak berubah sejak tahun 1993, ketika sebuah pemerintahan demokratis yang baru didirikan dan mulai menggeser rezim lama termasuk kebijakan budaya. Pemerintahan demokratis dilanjutkan dengan kebijakan yang sejalan dengan globalisasi neoliberal; namun, kebijakan budaya pemerintah, khususnya di sektor film yang sangat berbeda dari orang-orang dari rezim otoriter sebelumnya. Biasanya, industri film Korea tidak diberi dukungan keuangan oleh negara. Pada tahun 1995, pemerintah demokratis meloloskan Motion Picture Promotion Law, yang mendorong investasi modal dalam negeri. Di zaman globalisasi neoliberal, yang dimana pemerintah Korea telah memulai pertumbuhan industri film dalam negeri.
This paper talks about France's nuclear policy post cold war under Francois Mitterrand and Jacque... more This paper talks about France's nuclear policy post cold war under Francois Mitterrand and Jacques Chirac's Administration.
This paper aims to explain how and why the military had a consistent influence in Thailand's poli... more This paper aims to explain how and why the military had a consistent influence in Thailand's politics since the 1990s, by explaining two specific casual explanation at the intervention on 1991 and 2006. A comparative analysis is used to explain the extention of Thailand's military involvement, before and after both two coups. Referring to a journal written by Katsamaporn Rakson, this paper will review the military's role in Thailand's political system by seeing the cause of military intervention, then to describe the pattern of the military interventions in 1996 and 2006 coups, and analysing the difference of both's coups.
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