Community engagement is a crucial element for effective management of natural resources. This stu... more Community engagement is a crucial element for effective management of natural resources. This study is aimed at determining the factors and analyzing their path for collective action behavior of farmers towards natural resource management. Two cases of community based natural resource management were conducted in Phek and Kohima districts of Nagaland during 2020 and with thematic their analysis of activities, the probable factors of collective action among the communities were listed. Through participatory rural appraisal, focus group discussion and personal interview method data, was collected with a total sample size of randomly selected 106 farmers. The composite reliability for the explanatory variables, viz. social cohesiveness, normative belief, collective action for resource management, trust, community orientation, social relationship, and shared values were 0.79, 0.81,0.92, 0.6, 0.72, 0.78, and 0.52, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in 7 factors with 63.7%...
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
An experiment was executed at field condition to evaluate ecological impact of Bt cotton (Mech 16... more An experiment was executed at field condition to evaluate ecological impact of Bt cotton (Mech 162 + Bt) on soil microbes and Bt protein behavior in soil. Root exudates of Bt cotton plant containing Bt protein enter into soil which persisted in soil for atleast 235 days after sowing (DAS). During vegetative and flowering stage, Bt protein was not detectable in both qualitative and quantitative assay but, during onset of boll formation at 150 DAS, a level of 0.0013 μg/g of Cry 1Ac protein was quantified in rhizospheric soil which further increased exponentially up to 0.0033 μg/g at 195 DAS and then maintained at the same level till 235 DAS with Cry1Ac expression level of 0.0029 μg/g soil. Rhizospheric soil of Bt cotton had significantly higher (p < 0.05) abundance of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) of gram positive bacteria. Abundance of polyunsaturated FAMEs that are indicators of fungi, were slightly higher in Bt as compared to non-Bt cotton soils. The metabolic profiling, also called community level physiological profiling (CLPP) showed more microbial functional diversity (Shannon–Wiener Diversity) in soil samples of different growth stages of Bt cotton than its corresponding non-Bt variety. Our results showed that Cry 1AC Bt protein persists in clay loamy soil even after harvesting and significantly altered microbial community composition and functional diversity in rhizospheric soil of Bt cotton than non-Bt. Any possible and unintentional changes in composition of root exudes of Bt cotton could regulate the selection of different microbial communities and thus can alter functional responses.
In case of a Generalized Row Column designs, there are more number of units in a cell and the tre... more In case of a Generalized Row Column designs, there are more number of units in a cell and the treatment applied to one experimental units in a cell may affect the response on neighbouring units in the same cell. Neighbor Balanced GRC (NBGRC) designs are useful for this situation. A GRC design with v treatments in p rows and q columns is said to be neighbor balanced if within a cell every treatment has every other treatment appearing as neighbour a constant number of times (say times). A SAS macros have been developed for the generation of Neighbour Balanced GRC (NBGRC) designs. These SAS macros will facilitate the researchers under NARES to easily obtain a NBGRC designs by entering the value of respective parameters.
Auxiliary information is often used to improve the precision of estimators of finite population t... more Auxiliary information is often used to improve the precision of estimators of finite population total. Calibration approach is widely used for making efficient use of auxiliary information in survey estimation. We proposed the regression type estimators of the population total using the calibration approach under the assumption that the population level auxiliary information is available at secondary stage unit level under two stage sampling design. Through Simulation it was found that all the proposed estimators are performing better than the usual Horvitz-Thompson estimators under two stage sampling design.
Endophytic bacilli of ethano-botanical plant Ocimum tenuiflorum were screened for salt stress-all... more Endophytic bacilli of ethano-botanical plant Ocimum tenuiflorum were screened for salt stress-alleviating traits in tomato. Four promising O. tenuiflorum endophytes (Bacillus safensis BTL5, Bacillus haynesii GTR8, Bacillus paralicheniformis GTR11, and Bacillus altitudinis GTS16) were used in this study. Confocal scanning laser microscopic studies revealed the inter-genera colonization of O. tenuiflorum endophytes in tomato plants, giving insights for widening the applicability of potential endophytes to other crops. Furthermore, in a pot trial under 150 mM NaCl concentration, the inoculated endophytes contributed in reducing salt toxicity and improving recovery from salt-induced oxidative stress by different mechanisms. Reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) (sub-cellular H2O2 and superoxide) accumulation was observed besides lowering programmed cell death and increasing chlorophyll content. Endophyte inoculation supplemented the plant antioxidant enzyme system via the modulatio...
Information and communication technology (ICT) fasten the farmers decision-making processes and g... more Information and communication technology (ICT) fasten the farmers decision-making processes and growing their purview for providing timely, accurate, relevant information to the farmers. In India an initiatives focussing on rice farmers was developed namely, Rice knowledge Management Portal (RKMP) by Indian institute of Rice Research(IIRR) Hyderabad, to accumulate diversified information and disseminated properly to the stakeholders. The study was conducted in purposively selected districts of Nalgonda in Telanagan and West Godavari in Andhra Pradesh state, with aim to assess utility, perception and satisfaction of information provided by RKMP. From district 40 farmers and 30 scientists and extension personnel were selected using multistage random sampling technique, so total 140 respondents were selected.Perception about content of the portal revealed that it is related to improved cultivation practices as strongly perceived by majority of farmers, 57 per cent of scientists strongl...
The present study was carried out during 2019 at ICAR-IARI to evaluate the effectiveness of hexan... more The present study was carried out during 2019 at ICAR-IARI to evaluate the effectiveness of hexanal, a volatile aldehyde in prolonging the storage life of apple cv. Royal Delicious while maintaining its quality. Application of different concentrations of hexanal as a solution @ 0.01%, 0.02% and 0.03% v/v for 2, 3 and 4 min was tested. Fruits given no hexanal treatment were taken as control. The treated and control apple fruits were stored under 1-2°C and 80-90% RH for a period of 90 days and evaluated for physical and biochemical changes at regular interval of 15 days. The study demonstrated that exogenous application of 0.01% hexanal applied as dip treatment for 3 minute soaking time given to freshly harvested Royal Delicious apple fruits reduced physiological loss in weight, retained better pulp firmness and maintained the overall quality of the fruits up to 3 months storage under 1-2 °C. Thus, hexanal as a dip treatment holds promise in prolonging postharvest storage life and pre...
Multifactor experiments are very common in agricultural research. Randomizing run orders in multi... more Multifactor experiments are very common in agricultural research. Randomizing run orders in multifactor experiments often witness in large number of factorwise level changes which will increase the cost and time of the experiments. Minimal cost multifactor experiments are such experiments where the cost of the experiment is minimum which can be achieved by choosing a factorial run order where the total number of factor level change is minimum as cost of the experiment is directly proportional to the number of level changes of factors. Here, a method of constructing minimal cost 2-level multifactor experiments with minimum number of factorwise level changes has been proposed. As for a same factorial combination, there may exist more than one minimally changed factorial run order, an exhaustive search was also performed to obtain all possible minimally changed run order for two level multifactorial experiments with three factors. Due to restricted randomization, adaption of these run ...
Generalized Row-Column (GRC) designs are used where there is more than one unit in each row-colum... more Generalized Row-Column (GRC) designs are used where there is more than one unit in each row-column intersection. Mating plan is a systematic procedure of producing the progenies. Diallel and triallel crosses are some examples of mating plans. In literature there are many mating plans which are developed using block/row-column designs. The objective of the present study is to obtain mating plans using GRC designs. The research work has been done at ICAR-IASRI during 2019-20. Here, methods of obtaining partial diallel crosses (PDC) and partial triallel crosses (PTC) plans using different classes of GRC designs have been described. The plans obtained using these designs will yield smaller degree of fractionation thereby reducing resources.
Community engagement is a crucial element for effective management of natural resources. This stu... more Community engagement is a crucial element for effective management of natural resources. This study is aimed at determining the factors and analyzing their path for collective action behavior of farmers towards natural resource management. Two cases of community based natural resource management were conducted in Phek and Kohima districts of Nagaland during 2020 and with thematic their analysis of activities, the probable factors of collective action among the communities were listed. Through participatory rural appraisal, focus group discussion and personal interview method data, was collected with a total sample size of randomly selected 106 farmers. The composite reliability for the explanatory variables, viz. social cohesiveness, normative belief, collective action for resource management, trust, community orientation, social relationship, and shared values were 0.79, 0.81,0.92, 0.6, 0.72, 0.78, and 0.52, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in 7 factors with 63.7%...
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
An experiment was executed at field condition to evaluate ecological impact of Bt cotton (Mech 16... more An experiment was executed at field condition to evaluate ecological impact of Bt cotton (Mech 162 + Bt) on soil microbes and Bt protein behavior in soil. Root exudates of Bt cotton plant containing Bt protein enter into soil which persisted in soil for atleast 235 days after sowing (DAS). During vegetative and flowering stage, Bt protein was not detectable in both qualitative and quantitative assay but, during onset of boll formation at 150 DAS, a level of 0.0013 μg/g of Cry 1Ac protein was quantified in rhizospheric soil which further increased exponentially up to 0.0033 μg/g at 195 DAS and then maintained at the same level till 235 DAS with Cry1Ac expression level of 0.0029 μg/g soil. Rhizospheric soil of Bt cotton had significantly higher (p < 0.05) abundance of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) of gram positive bacteria. Abundance of polyunsaturated FAMEs that are indicators of fungi, were slightly higher in Bt as compared to non-Bt cotton soils. The metabolic profiling, also called community level physiological profiling (CLPP) showed more microbial functional diversity (Shannon–Wiener Diversity) in soil samples of different growth stages of Bt cotton than its corresponding non-Bt variety. Our results showed that Cry 1AC Bt protein persists in clay loamy soil even after harvesting and significantly altered microbial community composition and functional diversity in rhizospheric soil of Bt cotton than non-Bt. Any possible and unintentional changes in composition of root exudes of Bt cotton could regulate the selection of different microbial communities and thus can alter functional responses.
In case of a Generalized Row Column designs, there are more number of units in a cell and the tre... more In case of a Generalized Row Column designs, there are more number of units in a cell and the treatment applied to one experimental units in a cell may affect the response on neighbouring units in the same cell. Neighbor Balanced GRC (NBGRC) designs are useful for this situation. A GRC design with v treatments in p rows and q columns is said to be neighbor balanced if within a cell every treatment has every other treatment appearing as neighbour a constant number of times (say times). A SAS macros have been developed for the generation of Neighbour Balanced GRC (NBGRC) designs. These SAS macros will facilitate the researchers under NARES to easily obtain a NBGRC designs by entering the value of respective parameters.
Auxiliary information is often used to improve the precision of estimators of finite population t... more Auxiliary information is often used to improve the precision of estimators of finite population total. Calibration approach is widely used for making efficient use of auxiliary information in survey estimation. We proposed the regression type estimators of the population total using the calibration approach under the assumption that the population level auxiliary information is available at secondary stage unit level under two stage sampling design. Through Simulation it was found that all the proposed estimators are performing better than the usual Horvitz-Thompson estimators under two stage sampling design.
Endophytic bacilli of ethano-botanical plant Ocimum tenuiflorum were screened for salt stress-all... more Endophytic bacilli of ethano-botanical plant Ocimum tenuiflorum were screened for salt stress-alleviating traits in tomato. Four promising O. tenuiflorum endophytes (Bacillus safensis BTL5, Bacillus haynesii GTR8, Bacillus paralicheniformis GTR11, and Bacillus altitudinis GTS16) were used in this study. Confocal scanning laser microscopic studies revealed the inter-genera colonization of O. tenuiflorum endophytes in tomato plants, giving insights for widening the applicability of potential endophytes to other crops. Furthermore, in a pot trial under 150 mM NaCl concentration, the inoculated endophytes contributed in reducing salt toxicity and improving recovery from salt-induced oxidative stress by different mechanisms. Reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) (sub-cellular H2O2 and superoxide) accumulation was observed besides lowering programmed cell death and increasing chlorophyll content. Endophyte inoculation supplemented the plant antioxidant enzyme system via the modulatio...
Information and communication technology (ICT) fasten the farmers decision-making processes and g... more Information and communication technology (ICT) fasten the farmers decision-making processes and growing their purview for providing timely, accurate, relevant information to the farmers. In India an initiatives focussing on rice farmers was developed namely, Rice knowledge Management Portal (RKMP) by Indian institute of Rice Research(IIRR) Hyderabad, to accumulate diversified information and disseminated properly to the stakeholders. The study was conducted in purposively selected districts of Nalgonda in Telanagan and West Godavari in Andhra Pradesh state, with aim to assess utility, perception and satisfaction of information provided by RKMP. From district 40 farmers and 30 scientists and extension personnel were selected using multistage random sampling technique, so total 140 respondents were selected.Perception about content of the portal revealed that it is related to improved cultivation practices as strongly perceived by majority of farmers, 57 per cent of scientists strongl...
The present study was carried out during 2019 at ICAR-IARI to evaluate the effectiveness of hexan... more The present study was carried out during 2019 at ICAR-IARI to evaluate the effectiveness of hexanal, a volatile aldehyde in prolonging the storage life of apple cv. Royal Delicious while maintaining its quality. Application of different concentrations of hexanal as a solution @ 0.01%, 0.02% and 0.03% v/v for 2, 3 and 4 min was tested. Fruits given no hexanal treatment were taken as control. The treated and control apple fruits were stored under 1-2°C and 80-90% RH for a period of 90 days and evaluated for physical and biochemical changes at regular interval of 15 days. The study demonstrated that exogenous application of 0.01% hexanal applied as dip treatment for 3 minute soaking time given to freshly harvested Royal Delicious apple fruits reduced physiological loss in weight, retained better pulp firmness and maintained the overall quality of the fruits up to 3 months storage under 1-2 °C. Thus, hexanal as a dip treatment holds promise in prolonging postharvest storage life and pre...
Multifactor experiments are very common in agricultural research. Randomizing run orders in multi... more Multifactor experiments are very common in agricultural research. Randomizing run orders in multifactor experiments often witness in large number of factorwise level changes which will increase the cost and time of the experiments. Minimal cost multifactor experiments are such experiments where the cost of the experiment is minimum which can be achieved by choosing a factorial run order where the total number of factor level change is minimum as cost of the experiment is directly proportional to the number of level changes of factors. Here, a method of constructing minimal cost 2-level multifactor experiments with minimum number of factorwise level changes has been proposed. As for a same factorial combination, there may exist more than one minimally changed factorial run order, an exhaustive search was also performed to obtain all possible minimally changed run order for two level multifactorial experiments with three factors. Due to restricted randomization, adaption of these run ...
Generalized Row-Column (GRC) designs are used where there is more than one unit in each row-colum... more Generalized Row-Column (GRC) designs are used where there is more than one unit in each row-column intersection. Mating plan is a systematic procedure of producing the progenies. Diallel and triallel crosses are some examples of mating plans. In literature there are many mating plans which are developed using block/row-column designs. The objective of the present study is to obtain mating plans using GRC designs. The research work has been done at ICAR-IASRI during 2019-20. Here, methods of obtaining partial diallel crosses (PDC) and partial triallel crosses (PTC) plans using different classes of GRC designs have been described. The plans obtained using these designs will yield smaller degree of fractionation thereby reducing resources.
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