ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Videokeratography has enabled detection of inferior steepening patterns in pati... more ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Videokeratography has enabled detection of inferior steepening patterns in patients thereby designated as keratoconus suspects. Since no information about the corneal thickness of these eyes is available, we studied several patients with such patterns, and compared the corneal thickness of their eyes with that of normals. METHODS: Three groups of patients who had undergone videokeratography were studied with ultrasonic pachymetry centrally and in four quadrants at the 3-mm clear zone: 44 eyes with true keratoconus, 23 eyes of individuals with inferior steepening of the cornea who were family members of patients with keratoconus; and 44 normal eyes never fitted with contact lenses. The corneal thickness of the eyes in the first two groups was then compared with that in the third using ANOVA and Student's t test. RESULTS: Corneal thickness in the normal eyes and in those with inferior steepening was similar in all except the inferotemporal quadrant. In this quadrant, the corneas of the eyes with inferior steepening were thinner than those of the normal eyes: 544 ± 32 µm vs 581 ± 30 µm (p < .05) CONCLUSION: Eyes with inferior steepening on videokeratography have thinner inferotemporal corneas than normal eyes. [J Refract Surg. 1996;12:697-699.]
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Dec 1, 1996
To evaluate the visual and refractive results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in eyes with a... more To evaluate the visual and refractive results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in eyes with atypical inferior corneal steepening (AICS). Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital Morvan, University of Breast, France. Using videokeratopography, we screened 310 eyes that had PRK from November 1992 through November 1993 and found that 35 eyes exhibited topographic patterns consistent with AICS with no clinical findings. The results at 6 months and 1 year were compared with those of 185 eyes with normal topography treated concurrently. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in mean spherical equivalent, mean uncorrected visual acuity, and mean best spectacle-corrected visual acuity 6 months and 1 year after PRK. After 1 year, PRK in eyes with AICS appeared to give results similar to those in eyes with normal topography. Further follow-up is needed.
To compare the pupil dynamics of an intracameral combination of 2 mydriatics and 1 anesthetic (My... more To compare the pupil dynamics of an intracameral combination of 2 mydriatics and 1 anesthetic (Mydrane) to a standard topical regimen for cataract surgery. Sixty-two centers in Europe and 6 centers in Algeria. Prospective case series. Pupil size measurements were performed in 2 randomized studies (phase 2 and phase 3) under masked conditions (recorded videography, masked reading center). The outcomes in the phase 2 study supported evaluation of the timeframe to obtain pupil dilation and the phase 3 study provided results on mydriasis stability. Phase 2 and phase 3 comprised 139 patients and 591 patients, respectively. After intracameral combination administration, 95% of the pupil dilation was achieved within a mean of 28.6 seconds ± 4.6 (SD). At the beginning of capsulorhexis creation, the mean pupil diameter was larger than 7.0 mm in both groups. The intraoperative pupil diameter remained stable in the intracameral combination group and decreased in the topical group. The mean cha...
To report adverse device effects and annualized endothelial cell loss rate for up to 10 years aft... more To report adverse device effects and annualized endothelial cell loss rate for up to 10 years after implantation of the Acrysof L-series Cachet phakic intraocular lens (pIOL). Clinical centers in the United States, European Union, and Canada. Nonrandomized clinical trial. After implantation of the pIOL, the endothelial cell density (ECD) at follow-up evaluations was compared with the 6-month postoperative baseline. Adverse device effects were assessed. This study assessed 638 patients (1087 eyes) from previous clinical trials. The mean central ECD change from baseline was -9.6% ± 8.3% (SD) (-1.7% annualized; 623 eyes) and -11.0% ± 9.9% (-1.7% annualized; 703 eyes) at 6 years and 7 years, respectively. The mean peripheral ECD change from baseline was -10.8% ± 8.7% (-2.0% annualized; 615 eyes) and -11.9% ± 10.0% (-1.8% annualized; 680 eyes), respectively. Endothelial cell loss greater than 30% from the preoperative baseline at any time after implantation affected 8.0% of all eyes. An ...
Noninvasive objective tests are needed to diagnose primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and to ev... more Noninvasive objective tests are needed to diagnose primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and to evaluate treatment responses. Ultrasound imaging of the salivary glands is rapid and noninvasive. Recent open-label studies suggested that anti-CD20 (rituximab) may be effective in pSS. The purpose of this study was to look for ultrasound evidence of the effects of rituximab in pSS. We compared 16 patients fulfilling the new American-European consensus group criteria for pSS to 9 controls, using B-mode ultrasound features (parenchymal homogeneity and gland size) and Doppler waveform analysis of the transverse facial artery of parotid glands. We compared the same parameters in the patients before and after 12 weeks of intravenous rituximab therapy. Compared to controls, untreated patients had significant abnormalities in salivary gland structure (p < 0.0001) and parotid size (2.05 +/- 0.33 cm versus 1.70 +/- 0.28 cm; p = 0.001). Doppler waveform analysis showed significant differences be...
Both advanced age and depression are characterized by changes in sleep patterns. Light exposure i... more Both advanced age and depression are characterized by changes in sleep patterns. Light exposure is one of the main synchronizers of circadian cycles and influences sleep by inhibiting melatonin secretion, which is mostly sensitive to light of low wavelengths (blue). Blue-blocking (yellow) intraocular lenses (IOLs) have supplanted the usual UV-blocking (clear) IOLs during cataract surgery to prevent age-related macular degeneration, however, the impact of yellow IOLs on sleep and mood is unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of yellow and clear IOLs on sleep and mood in aged patients undergoing bilateral cataract surgery. A randomized controlled superiority study was conducted within three ophthalmic surgical wards in France. A total of 204 subjects (mean age 76.2 ± 7.5 years) were randomized into yellow or clear IOLs groups. Patients completed a sleep diary, the pictorial sleepiness scale and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) one week before and eight weeks...
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a preservative-free cationic emulsion (CE) with a ... more Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a preservative-free cationic emulsion (CE) with a 0.18% hyaluronate sodium (HS) solution in patients with moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED) with keratitis or keratoconjunctivitis. Methods Eighty-five patients were randomized (1:1) in this multicenter, prospective, reference-controlled, parallel-group, investigator-masked study to receive CE (n = 44) or HS (n = 41). Clinical signs and symptoms were assessed over 3 months. The primary efficacy endpoint was noninferiority of CE to HS in change from baseline of ocular surface staining (OSS) score at 1 month. Results In the per protocol (PP) set and full analysis set (FAS), CE showed a similar and noninferior (p<0.0001) improvement in OSS scores compared with HS at 1 month (PP: −2.5 ± 1.3 vs −1.9 ± 1.6; FAS: −2.2 ± 1.5 vs −2.0 ± 1.8 for CE vs HS). Other clinical signs of DED similarly improved in both groups. In the FAS, global symptoms score of ocular discomfort was significantly ...
This is the challenge design document for the "Endoscopic Vision Challenge", accepted f... more This is the challenge design document for the "Endoscopic Vision Challenge", accepted for MICCAI 2020. Minimally invasive surgery using cameras to observe the internal anatomy is the preferred approach to many surgical procedures. Furthermore, other surgical disciplines rely on microscopic images. As a result, endoscopic and microscopic image processing as well as surgical vision are evolving as techniques needed to facilitate computer assisted interventions (CAI). Algorithms that have been reported for such images include 3D surface reconstruction, salient feature motion tracking, instrument detection or activity recognition. However, what is missing so far are common datasets for consistent evaluation and benchmarking of algorithms against each other. As a vision CAI challenge at MICCAI, our aim is to provide a formal framework for evaluating the current state of the art, gather researchers in the field and provide high quality data with protocols for validating endoscop...
We investigated the impact of target properties on vertical fusion amplitude (VFA) using a 3D dis... more We investigated the impact of target properties on vertical fusion amplitude (VFA) using a 3D display platform; the performance of the subjects allowed us to assess how central and peripheral retina regions interact during the fusion process. Fourteen subjects were involved in the test. VFA was recorded by varying the viewing distance, target complexity, disparity velocity, lighting condition and background luminance. Base-up prisms were introduced to create vertical disparity in the peripheral retinal area, whereas an offset compensation was added in the central area. Data were analyzed in JMP software using T-test and repeated-measures ANOVA tests. VFA is significantly affected by target properties including viewing distance, target complexity and disparity velocity; the impact from lighting condition and background luminance is not significant. Although central retina plays a crucial role in the fusion process, peripheral regions also affect the fusion performance when stimulus s...
Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995), 2014
To evaluate the clinical results and safety obtained with a new type of multifocal intraocular le... more To evaluate the clinical results and safety obtained with a new type of multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) using a trifocal design to achieve pseudoaccommodation. A pilot observational study of patients with a trifocal IOL (FineVision; PhysIOL, Liege, Belgium) implanted by 1 of 12 surgeons between March and December 2010. Visual outcomes that were assessed postoperatively included uncorrected and corrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity. One hundred ninety-eight eyes of 99 patients were analyzed. Patients were observed for an average of 6.44 ± 4.67 months (range: 0.2 to 17 months). Preoperative corrected distance visual acuity was 0.22 ± 0.26 logMAR. At the final follow-up visit, corrected distance visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.10 logMAR, uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.06 logMAR, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity was 0.08 ± 0.10 logMAR, and mean uncorrected near visual acuity was 0.00 ± 0.04 logMAR. Postoperative binocular uncorrected distance visua...
The Messidor database, which contains hundreds of eye fundus images, has been publicly distribute... more The Messidor database, which contains hundreds of eye fundus images, has been publicly distributed since 2008. It was created by the Messidor project in order to evaluate automatic lesion segmentation and diabetic retinopathy grading methods. Designing, producing and maintaining such a database entails significant costs. By publicly sharing it, one hopes to bring a valuable resource to the public research community. However, the real interest and benefit of the research community is not easy to quantify. We analyse here the feedback on the Messidor database, after more than 6 years of diffusion. This analysis should apply to other similar research databases.
ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Videokeratography has enabled detection of inferior steepening patterns in pati... more ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Videokeratography has enabled detection of inferior steepening patterns in patients thereby designated as keratoconus suspects. Since no information about the corneal thickness of these eyes is available, we studied several patients with such patterns, and compared the corneal thickness of their eyes with that of normals. METHODS: Three groups of patients who had undergone videokeratography were studied with ultrasonic pachymetry centrally and in four quadrants at the 3-mm clear zone: 44 eyes with true keratoconus, 23 eyes of individuals with inferior steepening of the cornea who were family members of patients with keratoconus; and 44 normal eyes never fitted with contact lenses. The corneal thickness of the eyes in the first two groups was then compared with that in the third using ANOVA and Student's t test. RESULTS: Corneal thickness in the normal eyes and in those with inferior steepening was similar in all except the inferotemporal quadrant. In this quadrant, the corneas of the eyes with inferior steepening were thinner than those of the normal eyes: 544 ± 32 µm vs 581 ± 30 µm (p &lt; .05) CONCLUSION: Eyes with inferior steepening on videokeratography have thinner inferotemporal corneas than normal eyes. [J Refract Surg. 1996;12:697-699.]
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Dec 1, 1996
To evaluate the visual and refractive results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in eyes with a... more To evaluate the visual and refractive results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in eyes with atypical inferior corneal steepening (AICS). Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital Morvan, University of Breast, France. Using videokeratopography, we screened 310 eyes that had PRK from November 1992 through November 1993 and found that 35 eyes exhibited topographic patterns consistent with AICS with no clinical findings. The results at 6 months and 1 year were compared with those of 185 eyes with normal topography treated concurrently. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in mean spherical equivalent, mean uncorrected visual acuity, and mean best spectacle-corrected visual acuity 6 months and 1 year after PRK. After 1 year, PRK in eyes with AICS appeared to give results similar to those in eyes with normal topography. Further follow-up is needed.
To compare the pupil dynamics of an intracameral combination of 2 mydriatics and 1 anesthetic (My... more To compare the pupil dynamics of an intracameral combination of 2 mydriatics and 1 anesthetic (Mydrane) to a standard topical regimen for cataract surgery. Sixty-two centers in Europe and 6 centers in Algeria. Prospective case series. Pupil size measurements were performed in 2 randomized studies (phase 2 and phase 3) under masked conditions (recorded videography, masked reading center). The outcomes in the phase 2 study supported evaluation of the timeframe to obtain pupil dilation and the phase 3 study provided results on mydriasis stability. Phase 2 and phase 3 comprised 139 patients and 591 patients, respectively. After intracameral combination administration, 95% of the pupil dilation was achieved within a mean of 28.6 seconds ± 4.6 (SD). At the beginning of capsulorhexis creation, the mean pupil diameter was larger than 7.0 mm in both groups. The intraoperative pupil diameter remained stable in the intracameral combination group and decreased in the topical group. The mean cha...
To report adverse device effects and annualized endothelial cell loss rate for up to 10 years aft... more To report adverse device effects and annualized endothelial cell loss rate for up to 10 years after implantation of the Acrysof L-series Cachet phakic intraocular lens (pIOL). Clinical centers in the United States, European Union, and Canada. Nonrandomized clinical trial. After implantation of the pIOL, the endothelial cell density (ECD) at follow-up evaluations was compared with the 6-month postoperative baseline. Adverse device effects were assessed. This study assessed 638 patients (1087 eyes) from previous clinical trials. The mean central ECD change from baseline was -9.6% ± 8.3% (SD) (-1.7% annualized; 623 eyes) and -11.0% ± 9.9% (-1.7% annualized; 703 eyes) at 6 years and 7 years, respectively. The mean peripheral ECD change from baseline was -10.8% ± 8.7% (-2.0% annualized; 615 eyes) and -11.9% ± 10.0% (-1.8% annualized; 680 eyes), respectively. Endothelial cell loss greater than 30% from the preoperative baseline at any time after implantation affected 8.0% of all eyes. An ...
Noninvasive objective tests are needed to diagnose primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and to ev... more Noninvasive objective tests are needed to diagnose primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and to evaluate treatment responses. Ultrasound imaging of the salivary glands is rapid and noninvasive. Recent open-label studies suggested that anti-CD20 (rituximab) may be effective in pSS. The purpose of this study was to look for ultrasound evidence of the effects of rituximab in pSS. We compared 16 patients fulfilling the new American-European consensus group criteria for pSS to 9 controls, using B-mode ultrasound features (parenchymal homogeneity and gland size) and Doppler waveform analysis of the transverse facial artery of parotid glands. We compared the same parameters in the patients before and after 12 weeks of intravenous rituximab therapy. Compared to controls, untreated patients had significant abnormalities in salivary gland structure (p < 0.0001) and parotid size (2.05 +/- 0.33 cm versus 1.70 +/- 0.28 cm; p = 0.001). Doppler waveform analysis showed significant differences be...
Both advanced age and depression are characterized by changes in sleep patterns. Light exposure i... more Both advanced age and depression are characterized by changes in sleep patterns. Light exposure is one of the main synchronizers of circadian cycles and influences sleep by inhibiting melatonin secretion, which is mostly sensitive to light of low wavelengths (blue). Blue-blocking (yellow) intraocular lenses (IOLs) have supplanted the usual UV-blocking (clear) IOLs during cataract surgery to prevent age-related macular degeneration, however, the impact of yellow IOLs on sleep and mood is unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of yellow and clear IOLs on sleep and mood in aged patients undergoing bilateral cataract surgery. A randomized controlled superiority study was conducted within three ophthalmic surgical wards in France. A total of 204 subjects (mean age 76.2 ± 7.5 years) were randomized into yellow or clear IOLs groups. Patients completed a sleep diary, the pictorial sleepiness scale and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) one week before and eight weeks...
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a preservative-free cationic emulsion (CE) with a ... more Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a preservative-free cationic emulsion (CE) with a 0.18% hyaluronate sodium (HS) solution in patients with moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED) with keratitis or keratoconjunctivitis. Methods Eighty-five patients were randomized (1:1) in this multicenter, prospective, reference-controlled, parallel-group, investigator-masked study to receive CE (n = 44) or HS (n = 41). Clinical signs and symptoms were assessed over 3 months. The primary efficacy endpoint was noninferiority of CE to HS in change from baseline of ocular surface staining (OSS) score at 1 month. Results In the per protocol (PP) set and full analysis set (FAS), CE showed a similar and noninferior (p<0.0001) improvement in OSS scores compared with HS at 1 month (PP: −2.5 ± 1.3 vs −1.9 ± 1.6; FAS: −2.2 ± 1.5 vs −2.0 ± 1.8 for CE vs HS). Other clinical signs of DED similarly improved in both groups. In the FAS, global symptoms score of ocular discomfort was significantly ...
This is the challenge design document for the "Endoscopic Vision Challenge", accepted f... more This is the challenge design document for the "Endoscopic Vision Challenge", accepted for MICCAI 2020. Minimally invasive surgery using cameras to observe the internal anatomy is the preferred approach to many surgical procedures. Furthermore, other surgical disciplines rely on microscopic images. As a result, endoscopic and microscopic image processing as well as surgical vision are evolving as techniques needed to facilitate computer assisted interventions (CAI). Algorithms that have been reported for such images include 3D surface reconstruction, salient feature motion tracking, instrument detection or activity recognition. However, what is missing so far are common datasets for consistent evaluation and benchmarking of algorithms against each other. As a vision CAI challenge at MICCAI, our aim is to provide a formal framework for evaluating the current state of the art, gather researchers in the field and provide high quality data with protocols for validating endoscop...
We investigated the impact of target properties on vertical fusion amplitude (VFA) using a 3D dis... more We investigated the impact of target properties on vertical fusion amplitude (VFA) using a 3D display platform; the performance of the subjects allowed us to assess how central and peripheral retina regions interact during the fusion process. Fourteen subjects were involved in the test. VFA was recorded by varying the viewing distance, target complexity, disparity velocity, lighting condition and background luminance. Base-up prisms were introduced to create vertical disparity in the peripheral retinal area, whereas an offset compensation was added in the central area. Data were analyzed in JMP software using T-test and repeated-measures ANOVA tests. VFA is significantly affected by target properties including viewing distance, target complexity and disparity velocity; the impact from lighting condition and background luminance is not significant. Although central retina plays a crucial role in the fusion process, peripheral regions also affect the fusion performance when stimulus s...
Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995), 2014
To evaluate the clinical results and safety obtained with a new type of multifocal intraocular le... more To evaluate the clinical results and safety obtained with a new type of multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) using a trifocal design to achieve pseudoaccommodation. A pilot observational study of patients with a trifocal IOL (FineVision; PhysIOL, Liege, Belgium) implanted by 1 of 12 surgeons between March and December 2010. Visual outcomes that were assessed postoperatively included uncorrected and corrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity. One hundred ninety-eight eyes of 99 patients were analyzed. Patients were observed for an average of 6.44 ± 4.67 months (range: 0.2 to 17 months). Preoperative corrected distance visual acuity was 0.22 ± 0.26 logMAR. At the final follow-up visit, corrected distance visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.10 logMAR, uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.06 logMAR, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity was 0.08 ± 0.10 logMAR, and mean uncorrected near visual acuity was 0.00 ± 0.04 logMAR. Postoperative binocular uncorrected distance visua...
The Messidor database, which contains hundreds of eye fundus images, has been publicly distribute... more The Messidor database, which contains hundreds of eye fundus images, has been publicly distributed since 2008. It was created by the Messidor project in order to evaluate automatic lesion segmentation and diabetic retinopathy grading methods. Designing, producing and maintaining such a database entails significant costs. By publicly sharing it, one hopes to bring a valuable resource to the public research community. However, the real interest and benefit of the research community is not easy to quantify. We analyse here the feedback on the Messidor database, after more than 6 years of diffusion. This analysis should apply to other similar research databases.
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Papers by BÉatrice Cochener