Field experiment was carried out in Mogra Block Farm, Hooghly, West Bengal in pre-kharif 2005 and... more Field experiment was carried out in Mogra Block Farm, Hooghly, West Bengal in pre-kharif 2005 and 2006 to evaluate the relative efficacy of different herbicides alone and in combination with hand weeding. Results revealed that pre-emergence application of herbicides integrated with one hand weeding were superior to their sole application in controlling Trianthema portulacastrum and increasing seed yield of sesame. Butachlor with one hand weeding proved its superiority over rest of the treatments in respect of weed control efficiency, seed yield and net return. Farmers’ practice recorded at par result with butachlor integrated with one hand weeding in seed yield of sesame.
Global climate change and its consequences such as rising temperatures, hydrological cycle (varia... more Global climate change and its consequences such as rising temperatures, hydrological cycle (variable rainfall), soil salinity due to inclusion of sea water and rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, have an impact on weed species, their population dynamics, growth, reproduction and competitive ability and eventually crop productivity. Among these environmental factors, rising CO2 levels will benefit C3 plants more than C4 plants. Climate change can cause changes in the weed life cycle, community composition. Over the course of the year, some weed species go extinct while others develop into more noxious invaders and evolve genetic artefacts in response to intensifying climatic and non-climatic selection pressures. On the solution side, variations in temperature, CO2 levels and rainfall alter stomatal conductance, cuticle viscosity, transport, uptake, leaf retention duration and herbicide efficacy. Therefore, to adapt and mitigate; it is important to review how climate change can influe...
A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of weed management practices in the main crop ... more A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of weed management practices in the main crop on growth, yield and economics of rice- ratoon rice cropping system in two consecutive years i.e., 2014–15 and 2015–16. The result showed that Cyperus difformis was the most dominant weed in the main rice crop, whereas Ludwigia adscendes was the dominant weed in ratoon rice. In weed-free plots, the main crop recorded the highest productivity of 47.52 kg/ha/day, whereas the ratoon crop registered productivity of 37.70 kg/ha/day which was the 79.3% of the main crop productivity. In the weedy plot, crop-weed competition caused 28.8 and 37.5% reduction in energy use efficiency and energy productivity of the rice-ratoon rice cropping system respectively. Yield reduction of 37.3 and 43.6% in the main crop and ratoon crop respectively recorded due to weed infestation in weedy check. All the weed control practices registered an increase in system productivity, nutrient uptake and energy use effi...
23rd Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference. Volume 2: weed management in a changing world, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 26-29 September 2011, 2011
A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati University, Birb... more A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati University, Birbhum, West Bengal, India during 1999 to 2009 in medium land transplanted rice-yellow sarson cropping system to know the effect of continuous use of weed management practices on weed shift and yield. Continuous use of butachlor at 1.0 kg as preemergence + 2, 4-D (Na- Salt) at 0.4 kg as post emergence in rice paved the way for dominance of sedge like Fimbristylis miliacea and grass like Digitaria sanguinalis in rice under rice- yellow sarson cropping system. Rotational use of pretilachlor at 1.0 kg and butachlor at 1.0 kg as pre-emergence + 2, 4- D (Na-Salt) at 0.5 kg with organic matter lowered the menace of broadleaved as well as sedges, but not the grasses and registered higher yield of rice in 2009. Continuous or rotational use of pretilachlor or butachlor + 2, 4-D (Na- Salt) resulted in disappearance of Hydrolea zeylanica but Cynodon dactylon appeared as one of the dominant grassy weeds in 2009. Similarly continuous or rotational use of pendimethalin and isoproturon at 1.0 kg in yellow sarson lowered the density of Digitaria sanguinalis in 2009. Cynodon dactylon and Croton bonplandianum which were not present initially came into dominant group in the final year. Rotational use of isoproturon or pendimethalin along with FYM reduced the number of grasses and broadleaved weeds and registered higher yield of yellow sarson over other treatments.
International journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2013
Field experiments were carried out to study the effect of nutrient management in summer sesame an... more Field experiments were carried out to study the effect of nutrient management in summer sesame and its residual effect on succeeding kharif black gram during 2003 and 2004 in sub-humid lateritic tract of West Bengal. The crop growth was better with integrated application of 50% recommended dose of NPK through fertilizer (RDF), 50% N through vermicompost (VC) or FYM along with Azospirillum in sesame. The number of capsules plant−1, seeds capsule−1, seed and oil yield of sesame increased significantly due to integrated application of 50% RDF+50% N through FYM along with Azospirillum in sesame during both the years. However, the treatment was at par with those of 75% RDF+25% N through FYM or VC along with Azospirillum and 50% RDF+50% N through VC along with Azospirillum. Integrated use of fertilizer, organic manure and Azospirillum produced higher seed and oil yield of sesame compared to 100% RDF through fertilizer alone. Further, substitution of 25% N through FYM along with Azospirill...
International journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2013
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of nitrogen and foliar spray ... more An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of nitrogen and foliar spray of 2% DAP at Pre-flowering stage on toria, grown as utera crop during 2003–2004 in rice-toria cropping system in the lateritic belt of West Bengal. The treatments were control (No fertiliser), 20 kg N ha−1, 40 kg N ha−1, 60 kg N ha−1 and 80 kg N ha−1 alone and in combination with foliar spray of 2% DAP at Pre-flowering stage. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Plant height at 60 DAS and at maturity and dry matter production at 60 DAS increased with increasing level of N up to 80 kg ha−1. Application of 80 kg N ha−1 though produced higher plant height at 60 DAS and at maturity, dry weight of plants at 60 DAS but 40 kg N ha−1 in combination with foliar spray of 2% DAP at Pre-flowering stage produced the highest number of seeds siliqua−1 (16.1), seed yield (364 kg ha−1), gross return ( 7470 ha−1), net return ( 3532 ha−1) and benefit:cost ratio ...
A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati University, Birb... more A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati University, Birbhum, West Bengal, India during 1999 to 2009 in medium land transplanted rice-yellow sarson cropping system to know the effect of continuous use of weed management practices on weed shift and yield. Continuous use of butachlor at 1.0 kg as preemergence + 2, 4-D (Na- Salt) at 0.4 kg as post emergence in rice paved the way for dominance of sedge like Fimbristylis miliacea and grass like Digitaria sanguinalis in rice under rice- yellow sarson cropping system. Rotational use of pretilachlor at 1.0 kg and butachlor at 1.0 kg as pre-emergence + 2, 4- D (Na-Salt) at 0.5 kg with organic matter lowered the menace of broadleaved as well as sedges, but not the grasses and registered higher yield of rice in 2009. Continuous or rotational use of pretilachlor or butachlor + 2, 4-D (Na- Salt) resulted in disappearance of Hydrolea zeylanica but Cynodon dactylon appeared as one of the dominant grassy weed...
International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2021
The field experiments were conducted during the wet season of 2015 and 2016 (June to October) at ... more The field experiments were conducted during the wet season of 2015 and 2016 (June to October) at Agricultural Farm, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, India to study the impact of integrated use of weed mulch and herbicide with closer spacing on weed growth and yield of direct seeded dry sown rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar MTU 1010. The experiment consisted of twelve treatments involving sole or integrated application of pre-emergence herbicide pendimethalin, mulching with water hyacinth and Indigofera weed and closer row spacing of 20 cm. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The experimental field was infested with 14 weeds out of which the predominant species were Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa colona, Cyperus iria, Ludwigia parviflora, Hydrolea zeylanica, Spilanthes acmella, Alternanthera sessilis, Commelina benghalensis and Cyanotis axillaris. Integration of pendimethalin at 0.75 kg ha-1 and mulching with water hyacint...
Field experiment was carried out in Mogra Block Farm, Hooghly, West Bengal in pre-kharif 2005 and... more Field experiment was carried out in Mogra Block Farm, Hooghly, West Bengal in pre-kharif 2005 and 2006 to evaluate the relative efficacy of different herbicides alone and in combination with hand weeding. Results revealed that pre-emergence application of herbicides integrated with one hand weeding were superior to their sole application in controlling Trianthema portulacastrum and increasing seed yield of sesame. Butachlor with one hand weeding proved its superiority over rest of the treatments in respect of weed control efficiency, seed yield and net return. Farmers’ practice recorded at par result with butachlor integrated with one hand weeding in seed yield of sesame.
Global climate change and its consequences such as rising temperatures, hydrological cycle (varia... more Global climate change and its consequences such as rising temperatures, hydrological cycle (variable rainfall), soil salinity due to inclusion of sea water and rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, have an impact on weed species, their population dynamics, growth, reproduction and competitive ability and eventually crop productivity. Among these environmental factors, rising CO2 levels will benefit C3 plants more than C4 plants. Climate change can cause changes in the weed life cycle, community composition. Over the course of the year, some weed species go extinct while others develop into more noxious invaders and evolve genetic artefacts in response to intensifying climatic and non-climatic selection pressures. On the solution side, variations in temperature, CO2 levels and rainfall alter stomatal conductance, cuticle viscosity, transport, uptake, leaf retention duration and herbicide efficacy. Therefore, to adapt and mitigate; it is important to review how climate change can influe...
A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of weed management practices in the main crop ... more A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of weed management practices in the main crop on growth, yield and economics of rice- ratoon rice cropping system in two consecutive years i.e., 2014–15 and 2015–16. The result showed that Cyperus difformis was the most dominant weed in the main rice crop, whereas Ludwigia adscendes was the dominant weed in ratoon rice. In weed-free plots, the main crop recorded the highest productivity of 47.52 kg/ha/day, whereas the ratoon crop registered productivity of 37.70 kg/ha/day which was the 79.3% of the main crop productivity. In the weedy plot, crop-weed competition caused 28.8 and 37.5% reduction in energy use efficiency and energy productivity of the rice-ratoon rice cropping system respectively. Yield reduction of 37.3 and 43.6% in the main crop and ratoon crop respectively recorded due to weed infestation in weedy check. All the weed control practices registered an increase in system productivity, nutrient uptake and energy use effi...
23rd Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference. Volume 2: weed management in a changing world, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, 26-29 September 2011, 2011
A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati University, Birb... more A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati University, Birbhum, West Bengal, India during 1999 to 2009 in medium land transplanted rice-yellow sarson cropping system to know the effect of continuous use of weed management practices on weed shift and yield. Continuous use of butachlor at 1.0 kg as preemergence + 2, 4-D (Na- Salt) at 0.4 kg as post emergence in rice paved the way for dominance of sedge like Fimbristylis miliacea and grass like Digitaria sanguinalis in rice under rice- yellow sarson cropping system. Rotational use of pretilachlor at 1.0 kg and butachlor at 1.0 kg as pre-emergence + 2, 4- D (Na-Salt) at 0.5 kg with organic matter lowered the menace of broadleaved as well as sedges, but not the grasses and registered higher yield of rice in 2009. Continuous or rotational use of pretilachlor or butachlor + 2, 4-D (Na- Salt) resulted in disappearance of Hydrolea zeylanica but Cynodon dactylon appeared as one of the dominant grassy weeds in 2009. Similarly continuous or rotational use of pendimethalin and isoproturon at 1.0 kg in yellow sarson lowered the density of Digitaria sanguinalis in 2009. Cynodon dactylon and Croton bonplandianum which were not present initially came into dominant group in the final year. Rotational use of isoproturon or pendimethalin along with FYM reduced the number of grasses and broadleaved weeds and registered higher yield of yellow sarson over other treatments.
International journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2013
Field experiments were carried out to study the effect of nutrient management in summer sesame an... more Field experiments were carried out to study the effect of nutrient management in summer sesame and its residual effect on succeeding kharif black gram during 2003 and 2004 in sub-humid lateritic tract of West Bengal. The crop growth was better with integrated application of 50% recommended dose of NPK through fertilizer (RDF), 50% N through vermicompost (VC) or FYM along with Azospirillum in sesame. The number of capsules plant−1, seeds capsule−1, seed and oil yield of sesame increased significantly due to integrated application of 50% RDF+50% N through FYM along with Azospirillum in sesame during both the years. However, the treatment was at par with those of 75% RDF+25% N through FYM or VC along with Azospirillum and 50% RDF+50% N through VC along with Azospirillum. Integrated use of fertilizer, organic manure and Azospirillum produced higher seed and oil yield of sesame compared to 100% RDF through fertilizer alone. Further, substitution of 25% N through FYM along with Azospirill...
International journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2013
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of nitrogen and foliar spray ... more An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of nitrogen and foliar spray of 2% DAP at Pre-flowering stage on toria, grown as utera crop during 2003–2004 in rice-toria cropping system in the lateritic belt of West Bengal. The treatments were control (No fertiliser), 20 kg N ha−1, 40 kg N ha−1, 60 kg N ha−1 and 80 kg N ha−1 alone and in combination with foliar spray of 2% DAP at Pre-flowering stage. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Plant height at 60 DAS and at maturity and dry matter production at 60 DAS increased with increasing level of N up to 80 kg ha−1. Application of 80 kg N ha−1 though produced higher plant height at 60 DAS and at maturity, dry weight of plants at 60 DAS but 40 kg N ha−1 in combination with foliar spray of 2% DAP at Pre-flowering stage produced the highest number of seeds siliqua−1 (16.1), seed yield (364 kg ha−1), gross return ( 7470 ha−1), net return ( 3532 ha−1) and benefit:cost ratio ...
A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati University, Birb... more A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati University, Birbhum, West Bengal, India during 1999 to 2009 in medium land transplanted rice-yellow sarson cropping system to know the effect of continuous use of weed management practices on weed shift and yield. Continuous use of butachlor at 1.0 kg as preemergence + 2, 4-D (Na- Salt) at 0.4 kg as post emergence in rice paved the way for dominance of sedge like Fimbristylis miliacea and grass like Digitaria sanguinalis in rice under rice- yellow sarson cropping system. Rotational use of pretilachlor at 1.0 kg and butachlor at 1.0 kg as pre-emergence + 2, 4- D (Na-Salt) at 0.5 kg with organic matter lowered the menace of broadleaved as well as sedges, but not the grasses and registered higher yield of rice in 2009. Continuous or rotational use of pretilachlor or butachlor + 2, 4-D (Na- Salt) resulted in disappearance of Hydrolea zeylanica but Cynodon dactylon appeared as one of the dominant grassy weed...
International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2021
The field experiments were conducted during the wet season of 2015 and 2016 (June to October) at ... more The field experiments were conducted during the wet season of 2015 and 2016 (June to October) at Agricultural Farm, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, India to study the impact of integrated use of weed mulch and herbicide with closer spacing on weed growth and yield of direct seeded dry sown rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar MTU 1010. The experiment consisted of twelve treatments involving sole or integrated application of pre-emergence herbicide pendimethalin, mulching with water hyacinth and Indigofera weed and closer row spacing of 20 cm. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The experimental field was infested with 14 weeds out of which the predominant species were Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa colona, Cyperus iria, Ludwigia parviflora, Hydrolea zeylanica, Spilanthes acmella, Alternanthera sessilis, Commelina benghalensis and Cyanotis axillaris. Integration of pendimethalin at 0.75 kg ha-1 and mulching with water hyacint...
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