2020 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2020
This paper proposes an energy storage controller synthesis method for voltage restoration in micr... more This paper proposes an energy storage controller synthesis method for voltage restoration in microgrids with respect to temporal logic specifications (TLSs). TLSs is introduced in this paper as a formalism to control the voltage variation of a critical bus against an operational bounds over time. The power system with synchronous generator (SG) connected to a critical load bus is modeled as a set of differential-algebraic equations and a simplified analytical model is derived to describe the voltage variation of this critical bus. The control objective is to schedule an optimal control input signal from a supportive energy storage system (ESS) connected to the critical bus, such that the voltage variation of the latter satisfies the TLSs, such as a finite-time restoration. The proposed control is verified on a lumped distribution system model. With this control diagram, supportive controllers can be designed to make voltage behaviors comply with grid codes and avoid unnecessary relay actions.
2020 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2020
This paper presents a hardware-in-the-loop (HITL) testing and lessons learned for a signal tempor... more This paper presents a hardware-in-the-loop (HITL) testing and lessons learned for a signal temporal logic (STL) frequency control in a microgrid setting. In contrast to most, if not all, traditional control mechanisms, the STL control allows for including temporal constraints in the control formulation to handle sophisticated specifications from grid codes and protection relays. This feature provides richer descriptions of control specifications to address both magnitude and time simultaneously, hence a valuable tool for power system operation and control. An ultra-low voltage (24V) HITL microgrid platform consisting of two type-3 wind turbine generators and one diesel generator is used to test the proposed STL frequency control. In experimental case studies, we demonstrate that the HITL frequency responses closely match the simulated ones and strictly satisfy the designed STL control specifications.
2016 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2016
A complication to control schemes is the fact that models can only represent the systems to the f... more A complication to control schemes is the fact that models can only represent the systems to the fidelity of the model. There is a need for hardware testing which can truly represent the dynamics of the system and the integration of the controls. A flexible and reconfigurable hardware low-power microgrid testbed platform is proposed in this paper for the verification of control schemes, protection and cyber-security. The design of multi-microgrid hardware configuration, shadow network architecture, and data collection and analytics are discussed.
2016 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2016
A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) microgrid testbed for the evaluation and assessment of microgrid ope... more A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) microgrid testbed for the evaluation and assessment of microgrid operation and control is presented in this paper. The HIL testbed is composed of a Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) for modeling of the microgrid, multiple National Instruments (NI) CompactRIOs for Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) control, a prototype Energy Management System (EMS), and a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system (SCADA). The implementation of the system level control and communication is described, and testing results are presented to demonstrate the functionality of the proposed HIL microgrid testbed and microgrid controller.
Southern Company is an electric utility that is embracing residential microgrids as a platform fo... more Southern Company is an electric utility that is embracing residential microgrids as a platform for distributed energy. The first residential microgrid in the southeastern United States was constructed in Hoover, Alabama, as a testbed for development. To operate the microgrid, we developed an optimization model for unit commitment and economic dispatch. The optimization model was implemented in a microgrid central controller and tested under various operational scenarios. Challenges also include developing a pricing algorithm to deliver price forecasts to the residential homes in the microgrid and open-source software restrictions.
2020 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2020
This paper proposes an energy storage controller synthesis method for voltage restoration in micr... more This paper proposes an energy storage controller synthesis method for voltage restoration in microgrids with respect to temporal logic specifications (TLSs). TLSs is introduced in this paper as a formalism to control the voltage variation of a critical bus against an operational bounds over time. The power system with synchronous generator (SG) connected to a critical load bus is modeled as a set of differential-algebraic equations and a simplified analytical model is derived to describe the voltage variation of this critical bus. The control objective is to schedule an optimal control input signal from a supportive energy storage system (ESS) connected to the critical bus, such that the voltage variation of the latter satisfies the TLSs, such as a finite-time restoration. The proposed control is verified on a lumped distribution system model. With this control diagram, supportive controllers can be designed to make voltage behaviors comply with grid codes and avoid unnecessary relay actions.
2020 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2020
This paper presents a hardware-in-the-loop (HITL) testing and lessons learned for a signal tempor... more This paper presents a hardware-in-the-loop (HITL) testing and lessons learned for a signal temporal logic (STL) frequency control in a microgrid setting. In contrast to most, if not all, traditional control mechanisms, the STL control allows for including temporal constraints in the control formulation to handle sophisticated specifications from grid codes and protection relays. This feature provides richer descriptions of control specifications to address both magnitude and time simultaneously, hence a valuable tool for power system operation and control. An ultra-low voltage (24V) HITL microgrid platform consisting of two type-3 wind turbine generators and one diesel generator is used to test the proposed STL frequency control. In experimental case studies, we demonstrate that the HITL frequency responses closely match the simulated ones and strictly satisfy the designed STL control specifications.
2016 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2016
A complication to control schemes is the fact that models can only represent the systems to the f... more A complication to control schemes is the fact that models can only represent the systems to the fidelity of the model. There is a need for hardware testing which can truly represent the dynamics of the system and the integration of the controls. A flexible and reconfigurable hardware low-power microgrid testbed platform is proposed in this paper for the verification of control schemes, protection and cyber-security. The design of multi-microgrid hardware configuration, shadow network architecture, and data collection and analytics are discussed.
2016 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2016
A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) microgrid testbed for the evaluation and assessment of microgrid ope... more A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) microgrid testbed for the evaluation and assessment of microgrid operation and control is presented in this paper. The HIL testbed is composed of a Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) for modeling of the microgrid, multiple National Instruments (NI) CompactRIOs for Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) control, a prototype Energy Management System (EMS), and a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system (SCADA). The implementation of the system level control and communication is described, and testing results are presented to demonstrate the functionality of the proposed HIL microgrid testbed and microgrid controller.
Southern Company is an electric utility that is embracing residential microgrids as a platform fo... more Southern Company is an electric utility that is embracing residential microgrids as a platform for distributed energy. The first residential microgrid in the southeastern United States was constructed in Hoover, Alabama, as a testbed for development. To operate the microgrid, we developed an optimization model for unit commitment and economic dispatch. The optimization model was implemented in a microgrid central controller and tested under various operational scenarios. Challenges also include developing a pricing algorithm to deliver price forecasts to the residential homes in the microgrid and open-source software restrictions.
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