International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that causes chronic hyperglycemia. Diabetes and its cri... more Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that causes chronic hyperglycemia. Diabetes and its crippling complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates the comparative antihyperglycemic and hepatoprotective effects of alcoholic extracts of rhizome of Zinger officinale plant and seed extract of Cuminum cyminum plant on alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Mice were divided into four groups (one normal control, one diabetic control and two diabetic groups treated with the two extracts). Mice were induced diabetes by intraperitoneal administration of alloxan. Normal control and diabetic control mice received normal saline water during the treatment period while diabetic mice were administrated with ethanolic extracts of ginger rhizome @100mg/kg/BW and cumin seeds extract @80mg/kg/BW for 16 weeks. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed, and biochemical as well as histopathological examinations were carried out. Hyperglycaemia with increase...
Background: Exploitation of plant biomass as a renewable resource has paved a momentum for resear... more Background: Exploitation of plant biomass as a renewable resource has paved a momentum for research on microbial degradation of lignocellulose. The ubiquity and diversity in actinomycetes species as well as strain improvement by genetic manipulation, and large-scale cultivation easily form an important part of the microbial community responsible for lignocellulose degradation in the environment. In addition, their growth as branching hyphae is well adapted to the penetration and degradation of insoluble substrates such as lignocellulose.Methods: A total of 28 Actinomycete isolates from 8 soil samples were collected from 3 different litchi gardens (Bhagwanpur, Susta and Ahiapur) of Muzaffarpur District area of North Bihar. Screening of isolates was based on morphological characteristics followed by physiological and biochemical analysis (like cellulase, xylanase and amylase activity). Results: The present study was confined to 5 bioactive isolates which exhibited a range of colony co...
This study evaluates the whole plant ethanolic extract of two plants’ i.e., Withania somnifera Du... more This study evaluates the whole plant ethanolic extract of two plants’ i.e., Withania somnifera Dunal (Ashwagandha) and Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhandari (Guggul) for their hypolipidemic effects in high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic Wistar rats. After determining lethal dose (LD50), two defined doses of the two extracts i.e., 250 mg and 500 mg of extract per kg rat body weight, serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride as well as plasma creatinine, urea, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and alanine transaminase were evaluated. The main finding of the study demonstrated that both the extract perform effectiveness compared to atorvastatin in a dose dependent manner in prevention of hyperlipidemic condition and could promote a better health conditions. When comparing therapies for hyperlipidemia, the higher dose of W. somnifera and C. wightii plant extracts have shown improvements in body weight, lipid profile, gluco...
Role of food as an agent for improving health has proposed a new class of food, called functional... more Role of food as an agent for improving health has proposed a new class of food, called functional food, with positive effects on host health and /or well-being beyond their nutritional value. In the early 1980’s, the Japanese were the first to recognize dairy components as having significant contributions to “physiologically functional foods.” They have been associated with health benefits containing bioactive peptides, probiotic bacteria, antioxidants, vitamins, specific proteins, oligosaccharides, organic acids, highly absorbable calcium, conjugated linoleic acid and other biologically active components with an array of bioactivities: modulating digestive and gastrointestinal functions, haemodynamics, controlling probiotic microbial growth and immunoregulation. Consumers increasing interest for maintaining or improving their health by eating these specific food products has led to the development of many new functional dairy products. These dairy products contain many functional i...
The hyperlipidemias comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders of lipid metabolism having a dama... more The hyperlipidemias comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders of lipid metabolism having a damaging effect on the wellbeing of human population and causes greater morbidity and mortality, in both young and old people. Management of dyslipidemia forms an important part of strategies for preventing cardiovascular disease. "Statins" as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors lowers cholesterol level in blood but long term use of these drugs have been reported for several adverse effects. Herbal products have been thought to be inherently safe, because of their natural origin and traditional use rather than on systemic studies designed to detect adverse effects. Dietary therapy together with hypolipidemic drugs is central to the management of hyperlipidemia. Two plants Withania somnifera Dunal (family: Solanaceae) and Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhandari (family: Burseraceae) have been studied and documented most frequently, based on their frequent usage in folk medicine and acclaimed...
Milk production is a complex physiologic process involving physical and emotional factors and the... more Milk production is a complex physiologic process involving physical and emotional factors and the interaction of multiple hormones. Galactogogues are medications or other substances believed to assist initiation, maintenance, or augmentation of milk production in animals. Most galactagogues (e.g., medications, foods, herbal therapies etc.) exert their pharmacologic effects through interactions with dopamine receptors, resulting in increased prolactin levels and thereby augmenting milk supply. Numerous botanicals have been used as galactagogue in folk medicine. The most commonly used are: Asparagus, Fenugreek, Brewer's yeast, Blessed thistle, Alfalfa. Others include: Anise, Astragalus root, Boza, Burdock, Nettle, Fennel, Flax, Soapwort, Vervain, Red raspberry leaf, Marshmallow (althaea) root and Torbangun. The botanical agents from these plants acting as galactagogues include Stearidonic acid, α-linolenic acid, ascorbic acid, Domperidone, Metoclopramide, Risperdal, Sulpiride (Ego...
The obfuscation and the kind of cover-up or delay in COVID-19 crisis response put the veracity of... more The obfuscation and the kind of cover-up or delay in COVID-19 crisis response put the veracity of global healthcare settings at stake and appended a biological dimension to geopolitical tensions. The ineffectual surveillance systems of public health and social measures cause the swift viral transmission pace amid mounting death toll and necessitate for an effective, cohesive, and strategic response. The digital ecosystem can serve the purposes intended in a transparent and immutable manner. This article highlights the problems encountered by the global healthcare settings in responding to pandemic and throws light on how the global digital ecosystem can handle crisis by managing the landscape radically through transparent information sharing via Internet of things (IoT) with the data being utilized by artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain technologies on a cross-disciplinary collaborative basis. It will help to develop and provide borderless solutions of public health via moni...
This study analyse the performance of tissue-based proteomics for early diagnosis of breast cance... more This study analyse the performance of tissue-based proteomics for early diagnosis of breast cancer for reducing its risk by identifying the causal factors. Breast cancer was induced by 7, 12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in female albino mice followed by blood and tissue sample collection for biochemical and histological analysis. Total protein was isolated and quantified and peptides were detected by SDS-PAGE. For proteomics analysis and generation of peptide peaks, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS) was used and identification of unknown molecular weight was done by Mascot Server. DMBA induced tumor weighing 8.96± 0.90 g with a volume of 3.24± 0.65 cm3 was observed compared to no growth of controlled mice. Biochemical parameters like lipid peroxide (malonaldehyde), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a), enzymatic antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, GPx and vitamin C and E) were fou...
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The ... more BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The UPEC initiate pathogenesis by expressing type 1 pili, which attach to membrane receptors on the uroepithelial cells. Inhibition of attachment can provide a valuable target for prophylaxis in symptom-free milieu. METHODS The antibacterial efficacy of alcoholic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of four plants namely Achyranthes aspera, Andrographis paniculata, Artemissia vulgaris and Glycyrrhiza glabra was evaluated against seven isolated bacterial strains and procured E. coli (UTI89/UPEC) strain. Screening of isolated strains was based on morphological characteristics and biofilm forming ability followed by physiological and biochemical analysis. RESULTS The hydroalcoholic extracts of G. glabra at 50 μg/ml showed an impending antioxidant (DPPH) effect of 95.65% compared to ascorbic acid. The MIC values of all the plant extracts against selected bacterial strains ranged between 125 to 1000 μg/ml. In silico molecular docking performed to make out the antiadhesive role of 115 documented phytochemicals from selected plants identified quercetin-3-glucoside, ethyl caffeate, liquiritoside, liquiritin and isoliquiritigenin as potential phytochemicals. Molecular dynamics simulation performed by PTRAJ module of Amber11 package to monitor the stability of hydrogen bond showed that quercetin-3-glucoside and ethyl caffeate are potential phytochemicals as antiadhesive forming H-bonds with the FimH protein ligand. CONCLUSIONS Aforesaid phytochemicals demonstrate effective antibacterial activity through the anti-adhesion mechanism.
Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism, 2018
Diabetes Mellitus, characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia, is a heterogeneous group of disord... more Diabetes Mellitus, characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia, is a heterogeneous group of disorders of multiple aetiologies. It affects the human body at multiple organ levels thus making it difficult to follow a particular line of the treatment protocol and requires a multimodal approach. The increasing medical burden on patients with diabetes-related complications results in an enormous economic burden, which could severely impair global economic growth in the near future. This shows that today's healthcare system has conventionally been poorly equipped towards confronting the mounting impact of diabetes on a global scale and demands an urgent need for newer and better options. The overall challenge of this field of diabetes treatment is to identify the individualized factors that can lead to improved glycaemic control. Plants are traditionally used worldwide as remedies for diabetes healing. They synthesize a diverse array of biologically active compounds having antidiabetic...
World Health Organization (WHO) has identified diabetes as one of the fastest growing non-communi... more World Health Organization (WHO) has identified diabetes as one of the fastest growing non-communicable diseases with 422 million patients around the world in 2014. Diabetes, a metabolic disease, is characterized primarily by hyperglycemia which results in various macrovascular and microvascular complications like cardiovascular disease and neuropathies which can significantly deteriorate the quality of life. The body either does not manufactures enough insulin (type 1 diabetes or T1DM) or becomes insensitive to physiologically secreted insulin or both (type 2 diabetes or T2DM). The majority of the diabetic population is affected by type 2 diabetes. Currently, hyperglycemia is treated by a broad range of molecules such as biguanides, sulfonylurea, insulin, thiazolidinediones, incretin mimetics, and DPP-4 inhibitors exerting different mechanisms. However, new drug classes have indeed come in the market such as SGLT-2 inhibitors and other are in the experimental stages such as GPR 40 agonists, GSK-3 inhibitors, GK activators and GPR21 inhibitors which definitely could be anticipated as safe and effective for diabetes therapy. This article reviews the general approach to currently approved therapies for type 2 diabetes and focusing on novel approaches that could be a panacea and might be useful in the future for diabetes patients.
From ancient to modern history, many traditional plant based medicines are playing an important r... more From ancient to modern history, many traditional plant based medicines are playing an important role in health care. Phytochemicals are natural bioactive compounds found in vegetables, fruits, medicinal plants, aromatic plants, leaves, flowers and roots which act as a defense system to combat against diseases. The phytochemicals from medicinal aromatic plants (MAP) cover a diverse range of chemical entities such as polyphenols, flavonoids, steroidal saponins and vitamins. A number of bioactive compounds generally obtained from terrestrial plants such as isoflavones, diosgenin, resveratrol, quercetin, catechin, sulforaphane, tocotrienols and carotenoids are proven to reduce the risk of many diseases perhaps due to their antioxidative, antihypercholesteroemic, antiangiogenic, anti-ischemic, inhibition of platelet aggregation and anti inflammatory activities. The multi-faceted role of the phytochemicals is mediated by its structure-function relationship and can be considered as leads for perfumery, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmaceuticals and agrochemical industries in future.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that causes chronic hyperglycemia. Diabetes and its cri... more Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that causes chronic hyperglycemia. Diabetes and its crippling complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates the comparative antihyperglycemic and hepatoprotective effects of alcoholic extracts of rhizome of Zinger officinale plant and seed extract of Cuminum cyminum plant on alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Mice were divided into four groups (one normal control, one diabetic control and two diabetic groups treated with the two extracts). Mice were induced diabetes by intraperitoneal administration of alloxan. Normal control and diabetic control mice received normal saline water during the treatment period while diabetic mice were administrated with ethanolic extracts of ginger rhizome @100mg/kg/BW and cumin seeds extract @80mg/kg/BW for 16 weeks. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed, and biochemical as well as histopathological examinations were carried out. Hyperglycaemia with increase...
Background: Exploitation of plant biomass as a renewable resource has paved a momentum for resear... more Background: Exploitation of plant biomass as a renewable resource has paved a momentum for research on microbial degradation of lignocellulose. The ubiquity and diversity in actinomycetes species as well as strain improvement by genetic manipulation, and large-scale cultivation easily form an important part of the microbial community responsible for lignocellulose degradation in the environment. In addition, their growth as branching hyphae is well adapted to the penetration and degradation of insoluble substrates such as lignocellulose.Methods: A total of 28 Actinomycete isolates from 8 soil samples were collected from 3 different litchi gardens (Bhagwanpur, Susta and Ahiapur) of Muzaffarpur District area of North Bihar. Screening of isolates was based on morphological characteristics followed by physiological and biochemical analysis (like cellulase, xylanase and amylase activity). Results: The present study was confined to 5 bioactive isolates which exhibited a range of colony co...
This study evaluates the whole plant ethanolic extract of two plants’ i.e., Withania somnifera Du... more This study evaluates the whole plant ethanolic extract of two plants’ i.e., Withania somnifera Dunal (Ashwagandha) and Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhandari (Guggul) for their hypolipidemic effects in high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic Wistar rats. After determining lethal dose (LD50), two defined doses of the two extracts i.e., 250 mg and 500 mg of extract per kg rat body weight, serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride as well as plasma creatinine, urea, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and alanine transaminase were evaluated. The main finding of the study demonstrated that both the extract perform effectiveness compared to atorvastatin in a dose dependent manner in prevention of hyperlipidemic condition and could promote a better health conditions. When comparing therapies for hyperlipidemia, the higher dose of W. somnifera and C. wightii plant extracts have shown improvements in body weight, lipid profile, gluco...
Role of food as an agent for improving health has proposed a new class of food, called functional... more Role of food as an agent for improving health has proposed a new class of food, called functional food, with positive effects on host health and /or well-being beyond their nutritional value. In the early 1980’s, the Japanese were the first to recognize dairy components as having significant contributions to “physiologically functional foods.” They have been associated with health benefits containing bioactive peptides, probiotic bacteria, antioxidants, vitamins, specific proteins, oligosaccharides, organic acids, highly absorbable calcium, conjugated linoleic acid and other biologically active components with an array of bioactivities: modulating digestive and gastrointestinal functions, haemodynamics, controlling probiotic microbial growth and immunoregulation. Consumers increasing interest for maintaining or improving their health by eating these specific food products has led to the development of many new functional dairy products. These dairy products contain many functional i...
The hyperlipidemias comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders of lipid metabolism having a dama... more The hyperlipidemias comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders of lipid metabolism having a damaging effect on the wellbeing of human population and causes greater morbidity and mortality, in both young and old people. Management of dyslipidemia forms an important part of strategies for preventing cardiovascular disease. "Statins" as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors lowers cholesterol level in blood but long term use of these drugs have been reported for several adverse effects. Herbal products have been thought to be inherently safe, because of their natural origin and traditional use rather than on systemic studies designed to detect adverse effects. Dietary therapy together with hypolipidemic drugs is central to the management of hyperlipidemia. Two plants Withania somnifera Dunal (family: Solanaceae) and Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhandari (family: Burseraceae) have been studied and documented most frequently, based on their frequent usage in folk medicine and acclaimed...
Milk production is a complex physiologic process involving physical and emotional factors and the... more Milk production is a complex physiologic process involving physical and emotional factors and the interaction of multiple hormones. Galactogogues are medications or other substances believed to assist initiation, maintenance, or augmentation of milk production in animals. Most galactagogues (e.g., medications, foods, herbal therapies etc.) exert their pharmacologic effects through interactions with dopamine receptors, resulting in increased prolactin levels and thereby augmenting milk supply. Numerous botanicals have been used as galactagogue in folk medicine. The most commonly used are: Asparagus, Fenugreek, Brewer's yeast, Blessed thistle, Alfalfa. Others include: Anise, Astragalus root, Boza, Burdock, Nettle, Fennel, Flax, Soapwort, Vervain, Red raspberry leaf, Marshmallow (althaea) root and Torbangun. The botanical agents from these plants acting as galactagogues include Stearidonic acid, α-linolenic acid, ascorbic acid, Domperidone, Metoclopramide, Risperdal, Sulpiride (Ego...
The obfuscation and the kind of cover-up or delay in COVID-19 crisis response put the veracity of... more The obfuscation and the kind of cover-up or delay in COVID-19 crisis response put the veracity of global healthcare settings at stake and appended a biological dimension to geopolitical tensions. The ineffectual surveillance systems of public health and social measures cause the swift viral transmission pace amid mounting death toll and necessitate for an effective, cohesive, and strategic response. The digital ecosystem can serve the purposes intended in a transparent and immutable manner. This article highlights the problems encountered by the global healthcare settings in responding to pandemic and throws light on how the global digital ecosystem can handle crisis by managing the landscape radically through transparent information sharing via Internet of things (IoT) with the data being utilized by artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain technologies on a cross-disciplinary collaborative basis. It will help to develop and provide borderless solutions of public health via moni...
This study analyse the performance of tissue-based proteomics for early diagnosis of breast cance... more This study analyse the performance of tissue-based proteomics for early diagnosis of breast cancer for reducing its risk by identifying the causal factors. Breast cancer was induced by 7, 12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in female albino mice followed by blood and tissue sample collection for biochemical and histological analysis. Total protein was isolated and quantified and peptides were detected by SDS-PAGE. For proteomics analysis and generation of peptide peaks, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS) was used and identification of unknown molecular weight was done by Mascot Server. DMBA induced tumor weighing 8.96± 0.90 g with a volume of 3.24± 0.65 cm3 was observed compared to no growth of controlled mice. Biochemical parameters like lipid peroxide (malonaldehyde), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a), enzymatic antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, GPx and vitamin C and E) were fou...
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The ... more BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The UPEC initiate pathogenesis by expressing type 1 pili, which attach to membrane receptors on the uroepithelial cells. Inhibition of attachment can provide a valuable target for prophylaxis in symptom-free milieu. METHODS The antibacterial efficacy of alcoholic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of four plants namely Achyranthes aspera, Andrographis paniculata, Artemissia vulgaris and Glycyrrhiza glabra was evaluated against seven isolated bacterial strains and procured E. coli (UTI89/UPEC) strain. Screening of isolated strains was based on morphological characteristics and biofilm forming ability followed by physiological and biochemical analysis. RESULTS The hydroalcoholic extracts of G. glabra at 50 μg/ml showed an impending antioxidant (DPPH) effect of 95.65% compared to ascorbic acid. The MIC values of all the plant extracts against selected bacterial strains ranged between 125 to 1000 μg/ml. In silico molecular docking performed to make out the antiadhesive role of 115 documented phytochemicals from selected plants identified quercetin-3-glucoside, ethyl caffeate, liquiritoside, liquiritin and isoliquiritigenin as potential phytochemicals. Molecular dynamics simulation performed by PTRAJ module of Amber11 package to monitor the stability of hydrogen bond showed that quercetin-3-glucoside and ethyl caffeate are potential phytochemicals as antiadhesive forming H-bonds with the FimH protein ligand. CONCLUSIONS Aforesaid phytochemicals demonstrate effective antibacterial activity through the anti-adhesion mechanism.
Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism, 2018
Diabetes Mellitus, characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia, is a heterogeneous group of disord... more Diabetes Mellitus, characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia, is a heterogeneous group of disorders of multiple aetiologies. It affects the human body at multiple organ levels thus making it difficult to follow a particular line of the treatment protocol and requires a multimodal approach. The increasing medical burden on patients with diabetes-related complications results in an enormous economic burden, which could severely impair global economic growth in the near future. This shows that today's healthcare system has conventionally been poorly equipped towards confronting the mounting impact of diabetes on a global scale and demands an urgent need for newer and better options. The overall challenge of this field of diabetes treatment is to identify the individualized factors that can lead to improved glycaemic control. Plants are traditionally used worldwide as remedies for diabetes healing. They synthesize a diverse array of biologically active compounds having antidiabetic...
World Health Organization (WHO) has identified diabetes as one of the fastest growing non-communi... more World Health Organization (WHO) has identified diabetes as one of the fastest growing non-communicable diseases with 422 million patients around the world in 2014. Diabetes, a metabolic disease, is characterized primarily by hyperglycemia which results in various macrovascular and microvascular complications like cardiovascular disease and neuropathies which can significantly deteriorate the quality of life. The body either does not manufactures enough insulin (type 1 diabetes or T1DM) or becomes insensitive to physiologically secreted insulin or both (type 2 diabetes or T2DM). The majority of the diabetic population is affected by type 2 diabetes. Currently, hyperglycemia is treated by a broad range of molecules such as biguanides, sulfonylurea, insulin, thiazolidinediones, incretin mimetics, and DPP-4 inhibitors exerting different mechanisms. However, new drug classes have indeed come in the market such as SGLT-2 inhibitors and other are in the experimental stages such as GPR 40 agonists, GSK-3 inhibitors, GK activators and GPR21 inhibitors which definitely could be anticipated as safe and effective for diabetes therapy. This article reviews the general approach to currently approved therapies for type 2 diabetes and focusing on novel approaches that could be a panacea and might be useful in the future for diabetes patients.
From ancient to modern history, many traditional plant based medicines are playing an important r... more From ancient to modern history, many traditional plant based medicines are playing an important role in health care. Phytochemicals are natural bioactive compounds found in vegetables, fruits, medicinal plants, aromatic plants, leaves, flowers and roots which act as a defense system to combat against diseases. The phytochemicals from medicinal aromatic plants (MAP) cover a diverse range of chemical entities such as polyphenols, flavonoids, steroidal saponins and vitamins. A number of bioactive compounds generally obtained from terrestrial plants such as isoflavones, diosgenin, resveratrol, quercetin, catechin, sulforaphane, tocotrienols and carotenoids are proven to reduce the risk of many diseases perhaps due to their antioxidative, antihypercholesteroemic, antiangiogenic, anti-ischemic, inhibition of platelet aggregation and anti inflammatory activities. The multi-faceted role of the phytochemicals is mediated by its structure-function relationship and can be considered as leads for perfumery, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmaceuticals and agrochemical industries in future.
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Papers by Sudhanshu Bharti