Democratic direct voting on issues (in the form of referenda) suffers from the tyranny of the maj... more Democratic direct voting on issues (in the form of referenda) suffers from the tyranny of the majority as well as potentially supporting extremist and populist positions. We state 4 fair voting principles for issue based voting, and show that current direct voting systems are not consistent with the principles. A two stage balanced, cumulative voting process using positive and negative voting tokens is introduced and shown to meet the fair voting principles.
This chapter describes the intelligent network controller assistant (INCA), an innovative system ... more This chapter describes the intelligent network controller assistant (INCA), an innovative system that shows that large-scale, real-time expert systems can be developed as a matter of course, on schedule, and with the same degree of reliability expected of conventional data processing systems. In developing this system, several more detailed innovative aspects were introduced. First, real-time performance is necessary for network control, which was achieved using standard (rather than specifically real-time adapted) hardware and operating systems. Second, the fault tolerance of the system is essential for such real-time control; so, INCA incorporates an online backup. Finally and perhaps most importantly, INCA is a new expert system application for a company's core business, with all the risks and visibility that this responsibility exposes INCA to. Therefore, reliability, efficiency, and usability were mandatory; this project could not hide behind descriptions such as "prototype" or "demonstration of principle." Other
This paper reviews measures of banking efficiency and analyses the efficiency construct and its a... more This paper reviews measures of banking efficiency and analyses the efficiency construct and its applications. We discuss the issues of data availability and methodological problems that occur when trying to obtain realistic local and global efficiency indicators for banks. We conclude by suggesting directions for future research that both inform theory and have practical application.
A problem of the management field is that concepts are often vague and this breeds fragmented the... more A problem of the management field is that concepts are often vague and this breeds fragmented theories, each concentrating on different aspects of an underlying issue. This paper proposes the development of formal models in management to clarify and integrate the issues of the field. It illustrates this approach with a model of competitive advantage. INTRODUCTION The foundation concepts of any field are important since they provide a shared basis to underpin research and allow results to be viewed cumulatively. Unfortunately this is hardly the case in organization theory. Zammuto and Connolly (1984) consider organisational science on the other hand to be severely fragmented, presenting a serious obstacle to scientific growth; they evidence the low level of interconnection of ideas found in organisational textbooks. Similarly, Pfeffer (1997) states that it has a low level of paradigm development and notes that consensus seems almost to be avoided, while some researchers have found li...
This paper presents an overview of a research programme on machine learning which is based on the... more This paper presents an overview of a research programme on machine learning which is based on the fundamental process of categorization. A structure of a computer model designed to achieve categorization is outlined and the knowledge representational forms and developmental learning associated with this approach are discussed.
This paper models the effects of increasing information technology on organizational boundaries. ... more This paper models the effects of increasing information technology on organizational boundaries. The effects of information systems on structure are analysed by bringing to bear transaction cost, organizational learning and information uncertainty viewpoints. A model of structural choice is developed. From this model we develop propositions regarding the relation between information technology and changes in organizational structure. The model suggests that the effect of increasing information technology is to drive firms through a cyclic three stage lifecycle that alternately drives firms toward market and hierarchical structures, resulting in heterogeneous network boundaries.
The problem of replacement under minimal repair is considered. It is shown that a particular form... more The problem of replacement under minimal repair is considered. It is shown that a particular form of control limit policy is optimal in the space of all possible policies. This generalises a previous result.
Democratic direct voting on issues (in the form of referenda) suffers from the tyranny of the maj... more Democratic direct voting on issues (in the form of referenda) suffers from the tyranny of the majority as well as potentially supporting extremist and populist positions. We state 4 fair voting principles for issue based voting, and show that current direct voting systems are not consistent with the principles. A two stage balanced, cumulative voting process using positive and negative voting tokens is introduced and shown to meet the fair voting principles.
This chapter describes the intelligent network controller assistant (INCA), an innovative system ... more This chapter describes the intelligent network controller assistant (INCA), an innovative system that shows that large-scale, real-time expert systems can be developed as a matter of course, on schedule, and with the same degree of reliability expected of conventional data processing systems. In developing this system, several more detailed innovative aspects were introduced. First, real-time performance is necessary for network control, which was achieved using standard (rather than specifically real-time adapted) hardware and operating systems. Second, the fault tolerance of the system is essential for such real-time control; so, INCA incorporates an online backup. Finally and perhaps most importantly, INCA is a new expert system application for a company's core business, with all the risks and visibility that this responsibility exposes INCA to. Therefore, reliability, efficiency, and usability were mandatory; this project could not hide behind descriptions such as "prototype" or "demonstration of principle." Other
This paper reviews measures of banking efficiency and analyses the efficiency construct and its a... more This paper reviews measures of banking efficiency and analyses the efficiency construct and its applications. We discuss the issues of data availability and methodological problems that occur when trying to obtain realistic local and global efficiency indicators for banks. We conclude by suggesting directions for future research that both inform theory and have practical application.
A problem of the management field is that concepts are often vague and this breeds fragmented the... more A problem of the management field is that concepts are often vague and this breeds fragmented theories, each concentrating on different aspects of an underlying issue. This paper proposes the development of formal models in management to clarify and integrate the issues of the field. It illustrates this approach with a model of competitive advantage. INTRODUCTION The foundation concepts of any field are important since they provide a shared basis to underpin research and allow results to be viewed cumulatively. Unfortunately this is hardly the case in organization theory. Zammuto and Connolly (1984) consider organisational science on the other hand to be severely fragmented, presenting a serious obstacle to scientific growth; they evidence the low level of interconnection of ideas found in organisational textbooks. Similarly, Pfeffer (1997) states that it has a low level of paradigm development and notes that consensus seems almost to be avoided, while some researchers have found li...
This paper presents an overview of a research programme on machine learning which is based on the... more This paper presents an overview of a research programme on machine learning which is based on the fundamental process of categorization. A structure of a computer model designed to achieve categorization is outlined and the knowledge representational forms and developmental learning associated with this approach are discussed.
This paper models the effects of increasing information technology on organizational boundaries. ... more This paper models the effects of increasing information technology on organizational boundaries. The effects of information systems on structure are analysed by bringing to bear transaction cost, organizational learning and information uncertainty viewpoints. A model of structural choice is developed. From this model we develop propositions regarding the relation between information technology and changes in organizational structure. The model suggests that the effect of increasing information technology is to drive firms through a cyclic three stage lifecycle that alternately drives firms toward market and hierarchical structures, resulting in heterogeneous network boundaries.
The problem of replacement under minimal repair is considered. It is shown that a particular form... more The problem of replacement under minimal repair is considered. It is shown that a particular form of control limit policy is optimal in the space of all possible policies. This generalises a previous result.
This paper presents an overview of a research programme on machine learning which is based on the... more This paper presents an overview of a research programme on machine learning which is based on the fundamental process of categorization. A structure of a computer model designed to achieve categorization is outlined and the knowledge rep-resentational forms and developmental learning associated with this approach are discussed.
Democratic direct voting on issues (in the form of referenda) suffers from the tyranny of the maj... more Democratic direct voting on issues (in the form of referenda) suffers from the tyranny of the majority as well as potentially supporting extremist and populist positions. We state 4 fair voting principles for issue based voting, and show that current direct voting systems are not consistent with the principles. A two stage balanced, cumulative voting process using positive and negative voting tokens is introduced and shown to meet the fair voting principles.
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