Open journal of clinical & medical case reports, 2021
Evidence suggests a physically active lifestyle increases proportion of life lived free of disabi... more Evidence suggests a physically active lifestyle increases proportion of life lived free of disability. Unfortunately, physical activity participation in older adults is low, suggesting innovative strategies are needed. This case-report (1) examined daily activity routines from accelerometer data; and (2) utilized the movement patterns to "infuse" physical activity within the participant's normal routine. Case-Report A 60 year old wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer, on 2 separate days and weeks. Movement patterns, from "raw" accelerometer data, were presented to the participant to identify areas of high and low activity, with suggestions how to increase overall activity. Results indicated activity patterns were reproducible. Physical activity infusions increased movement counts by 34%, and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by ~82minutes. Discussion Examination of "raw" accelerometer data identified distinct movement routines. Understandin...
Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing, 2021
PURPOSE The objectives of this paper are (1) to examine patterns of physical activity (PA) and se... more PURPOSE The objectives of this paper are (1) to examine patterns of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior; (2) to describe development of a method to quantify movement dispersion; and (3) to determine the relationship between variables of movement (i.e., volume, intensity, and dispersion), volume of sedentary behavior, and estimated cardiorespiratory capacity in school-aged children. DESIGN AND METHODS A secondary analysis of an existing data set with raw accelerometer data identified PA patterns of movement dispersion in school-aged children. Bar graphs visually depicted each participant's daily vector magnitude counts. The research team developed a dispersion variable-movement dispersion-and formula to provide a new quantification of daily PA patterns. Total movement dispersion represents both intensity and distribution of movement, whereas pure movement dispersion refers to the distribution of movement during the wear time, independent of intensity. Kendall's tau examined the relationship between several variables: body mass index percentile, average minutes of sedentary behavior, average minutes of light PA, average minutes of moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA), derived VO2 max, total movement dispersion, and pure movement dispersion. RESULTS Three participants' activity graphs were presented as examples: (1) active, (2) inactive, and (3) mixed. The more active participant had the highest values for pure and total movement dispersion. The inactive participant had much lower pure and total movement dispersion values compared to the active participant. The mixed participant had high average minutes of MVPA yet lower pure and total movement dispersion values. Total movement dispersion had a significant correlation with average minutes of light PA (r = .406, p = .016) and average minutes of MVPA (r = .686, p < .001). Pure movement dispersion was significantly correlated with average minutes of light PA (r = .448, p = .008) and average minutes of MVPA (r = .599, p < .001). Average minutes of sedentary behavior (SB) were not significantly correlated with total (r = .041, p = .806) or pure movement dispersion (r = .165, p = .326). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Movement dispersion may provide another tool to advance knowledge of PA, potentially leading to improved health outcomes. Raw accelerometer data, such as that gathered at the elementary school in this study, offer opportunities to identify school-aged children at risk for obesity, SB, and lack of PA.
Objective: Common diabetes risk screening tools like the American Diabetes Association Diabetes R... more Objective: Common diabetes risk screening tools like the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test (ADADRT) requires survey administration. We studied if diabetes risk can be assessed from routinely available data in the electronic health record (EHR). Methods: ADADRT was administered to 169 participants without preexisting diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes, following which the EHR was reviewed for information on ADADRT questions. Standard validation measures were calculated using HbA1c as the gold standard. Results: About 27% of the sample had prediabetes or diabetes. Of the 7 ADADRT variables, physical activity was the least available in the EHR. We observed that modifying ADADRT by dropping physical activity and changing the risk threshold from ≥5 to ≥4 preserves its diagnostic accuracy. The modified ADADRT (cutoff at ≥4) was then approximated using EHR data, yielding the following validation measures: proportion of high-risk persons 56.8%, sensitivity 77.8%, specificit...
Objective: The use of self-reported data to assess diabetes risk in the general population is a k... more Objective: The use of self-reported data to assess diabetes risk in the general population is a key component of the National Diabetes Prevention Program. The American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test (ADADRT) is a popular tool used for this purpose, yet there is paucity of data on its validity in real-world clinical settings. We assessed the performance of ADADRT in identifying undiagnosed prediabetes or diabetes at a Federally Qualified Health Center serving predominantly African Americans. Methods: The ADADRT was administered to participants without pre-existing diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes and standard validation measures were calculated using HbA1c as the gold standard. Findings are reported for participants who self-identified as being Black or African American (n = 151). Results: HbA1c identified 25.8% of the sample as having prediabetes or diabetes. At the recommended cutoff for ADADRT (i.e., score ≥5) the following measures were observed: proportion of high-r...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the association between exercise and estimated ... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the association between exercise and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness on subjective memory complaints in young adults. Four-hundred and 64 young adult college students (18–35 yrs) completed an online survey. Exercise behavior was assessed from the Physical Activity Vital Signs Questionnaire. Cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated from an algorithm that included an assessment of age, gender, body mass index, waist circumference, resting heart rate, habitual physical activity behavior, and smoking status. Subjective memory complaints were assessed using the Prospective-Retrospective Memory Questionnaire. Subjective memory complaints were common among this young adult sample. However, exercise was not statistically significantly associated with prospective (β = −0.002, P = 0.25) or retrospective (β = −0.001, P = 0.26) memory complaints. Results were similar for cardiorespiratory fitness. In conclusion, we did not observe an association between exercise and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness on subjective memory complaints in young adults.
Background In 1999, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was identified as an emerging epidemic in you... more Background In 1999, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was identified as an emerging epidemic in youth, and racial and ethnic minority youth were identified with high risk. Two decades later, no gold standard T2DM prevention intervention has been established for this population. Objective This study tests the efficacy of a telehealth diabetes prevention intervention for African American (AA) families with children with risk for T2DM. Concurrently, investigators aim to evaluate an implementation strategy for the uptake of the intervention by the University of Mississippi Medical Center’s (UMMC) pediatric weight management clinic. Methods This single-arm trial will enroll 20 parents with overweight or obesity of children (8-11 years) with overweight or obesity, both of whom are at risk for T2DM. Parents will meet in small groups (5 parents per group) weekly for 11 weeks and then monthly for 4 monthly maintenance sessions via videoconference using Wi-Fi–enabled iPads with cellular connect...
Here we conducted a side-to-side comparison of mindfulness meditation vs. mindfulness-based walki... more Here we conducted a side-to-side comparison of mindfulness meditation vs. mindfulness-based walking on psychological functioning. Participants (23 young adults; Mage = 21 yrs) completed three laboratory visits (1-week apart). Session 1 included a familiarization trial. Session two and three (counterbalanced) included either a 10-minute guided mindfulness session or a 10-minute mindfulness-based treadmill walk (employing mindfulness meditation techniques while walking). Psychological outcomes, assessed before and after each visit, included various cognitive (e.g., executive function), affect (e.g., perceived valence, distinct emotions, arousal), and psychological (e.g., anxiety, fatigue) outcomes. Mindfulness meditation was effective in enhancing cognition (P=0.005); improving affective valence (P=0.01); reducing arousal (P=0.001); and decreasing sadness (P=0.04), anxiety (P=0.001) and tension (P=0.01). Similarly, mindfulness-based walking was effective in enhancing cognition (P=0.05...
Emerging work suggests that acute, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may help to subserve episo... more Emerging work suggests that acute, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may help to subserve episodic memory of neutral stimuli. Less investigated, however, is whether acute exercise is associated with enhanced memory recognition of emotional stimuli, which was the purpose of this experiment. A parallel-group randomized controlled experiment was employed. Participants (mean age = 20 yr) were randomized into an exercise (n = 17) or control group (n = 17). The exercise group engaged in a 15-min bout of moderate-intensity treadmill walking. Emotional memory recognition was assessed via images from the International Affective Picture System, including assessments of varying degrees of valence and arousal. Memory recognition was assessed at 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days post-memory encoding. We observed a significant main effect for time (F(2) = 104.2, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.77) and a significant main effect for valence–arousal classification (F(4) = 21.39, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.40), but ther...
Open journal of clinical & medical case reports, 2021
Evidence suggests a physically active lifestyle increases proportion of life lived free of disabi... more Evidence suggests a physically active lifestyle increases proportion of life lived free of disability. Unfortunately, physical activity participation in older adults is low, suggesting innovative strategies are needed. This case-report (1) examined daily activity routines from accelerometer data; and (2) utilized the movement patterns to "infuse" physical activity within the participant's normal routine. Case-Report A 60 year old wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer, on 2 separate days and weeks. Movement patterns, from "raw" accelerometer data, were presented to the participant to identify areas of high and low activity, with suggestions how to increase overall activity. Results indicated activity patterns were reproducible. Physical activity infusions increased movement counts by 34%, and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by ~82minutes. Discussion Examination of "raw" accelerometer data identified distinct movement routines. Understandin...
Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing, 2021
PURPOSE The objectives of this paper are (1) to examine patterns of physical activity (PA) and se... more PURPOSE The objectives of this paper are (1) to examine patterns of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior; (2) to describe development of a method to quantify movement dispersion; and (3) to determine the relationship between variables of movement (i.e., volume, intensity, and dispersion), volume of sedentary behavior, and estimated cardiorespiratory capacity in school-aged children. DESIGN AND METHODS A secondary analysis of an existing data set with raw accelerometer data identified PA patterns of movement dispersion in school-aged children. Bar graphs visually depicted each participant's daily vector magnitude counts. The research team developed a dispersion variable-movement dispersion-and formula to provide a new quantification of daily PA patterns. Total movement dispersion represents both intensity and distribution of movement, whereas pure movement dispersion refers to the distribution of movement during the wear time, independent of intensity. Kendall's tau examined the relationship between several variables: body mass index percentile, average minutes of sedentary behavior, average minutes of light PA, average minutes of moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA), derived VO2 max, total movement dispersion, and pure movement dispersion. RESULTS Three participants' activity graphs were presented as examples: (1) active, (2) inactive, and (3) mixed. The more active participant had the highest values for pure and total movement dispersion. The inactive participant had much lower pure and total movement dispersion values compared to the active participant. The mixed participant had high average minutes of MVPA yet lower pure and total movement dispersion values. Total movement dispersion had a significant correlation with average minutes of light PA (r = .406, p = .016) and average minutes of MVPA (r = .686, p < .001). Pure movement dispersion was significantly correlated with average minutes of light PA (r = .448, p = .008) and average minutes of MVPA (r = .599, p < .001). Average minutes of sedentary behavior (SB) were not significantly correlated with total (r = .041, p = .806) or pure movement dispersion (r = .165, p = .326). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Movement dispersion may provide another tool to advance knowledge of PA, potentially leading to improved health outcomes. Raw accelerometer data, such as that gathered at the elementary school in this study, offer opportunities to identify school-aged children at risk for obesity, SB, and lack of PA.
Objective: Common diabetes risk screening tools like the American Diabetes Association Diabetes R... more Objective: Common diabetes risk screening tools like the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test (ADADRT) requires survey administration. We studied if diabetes risk can be assessed from routinely available data in the electronic health record (EHR). Methods: ADADRT was administered to 169 participants without preexisting diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes, following which the EHR was reviewed for information on ADADRT questions. Standard validation measures were calculated using HbA1c as the gold standard. Results: About 27% of the sample had prediabetes or diabetes. Of the 7 ADADRT variables, physical activity was the least available in the EHR. We observed that modifying ADADRT by dropping physical activity and changing the risk threshold from ≥5 to ≥4 preserves its diagnostic accuracy. The modified ADADRT (cutoff at ≥4) was then approximated using EHR data, yielding the following validation measures: proportion of high-risk persons 56.8%, sensitivity 77.8%, specificit...
Objective: The use of self-reported data to assess diabetes risk in the general population is a k... more Objective: The use of self-reported data to assess diabetes risk in the general population is a key component of the National Diabetes Prevention Program. The American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test (ADADRT) is a popular tool used for this purpose, yet there is paucity of data on its validity in real-world clinical settings. We assessed the performance of ADADRT in identifying undiagnosed prediabetes or diabetes at a Federally Qualified Health Center serving predominantly African Americans. Methods: The ADADRT was administered to participants without pre-existing diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes and standard validation measures were calculated using HbA1c as the gold standard. Findings are reported for participants who self-identified as being Black or African American (n = 151). Results: HbA1c identified 25.8% of the sample as having prediabetes or diabetes. At the recommended cutoff for ADADRT (i.e., score ≥5) the following measures were observed: proportion of high-r...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the association between exercise and estimated ... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the association between exercise and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness on subjective memory complaints in young adults. Four-hundred and 64 young adult college students (18–35 yrs) completed an online survey. Exercise behavior was assessed from the Physical Activity Vital Signs Questionnaire. Cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated from an algorithm that included an assessment of age, gender, body mass index, waist circumference, resting heart rate, habitual physical activity behavior, and smoking status. Subjective memory complaints were assessed using the Prospective-Retrospective Memory Questionnaire. Subjective memory complaints were common among this young adult sample. However, exercise was not statistically significantly associated with prospective (β = −0.002, P = 0.25) or retrospective (β = −0.001, P = 0.26) memory complaints. Results were similar for cardiorespiratory fitness. In conclusion, we did not observe an association between exercise and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness on subjective memory complaints in young adults.
Background In 1999, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was identified as an emerging epidemic in you... more Background In 1999, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was identified as an emerging epidemic in youth, and racial and ethnic minority youth were identified with high risk. Two decades later, no gold standard T2DM prevention intervention has been established for this population. Objective This study tests the efficacy of a telehealth diabetes prevention intervention for African American (AA) families with children with risk for T2DM. Concurrently, investigators aim to evaluate an implementation strategy for the uptake of the intervention by the University of Mississippi Medical Center’s (UMMC) pediatric weight management clinic. Methods This single-arm trial will enroll 20 parents with overweight or obesity of children (8-11 years) with overweight or obesity, both of whom are at risk for T2DM. Parents will meet in small groups (5 parents per group) weekly for 11 weeks and then monthly for 4 monthly maintenance sessions via videoconference using Wi-Fi–enabled iPads with cellular connect...
Here we conducted a side-to-side comparison of mindfulness meditation vs. mindfulness-based walki... more Here we conducted a side-to-side comparison of mindfulness meditation vs. mindfulness-based walking on psychological functioning. Participants (23 young adults; Mage = 21 yrs) completed three laboratory visits (1-week apart). Session 1 included a familiarization trial. Session two and three (counterbalanced) included either a 10-minute guided mindfulness session or a 10-minute mindfulness-based treadmill walk (employing mindfulness meditation techniques while walking). Psychological outcomes, assessed before and after each visit, included various cognitive (e.g., executive function), affect (e.g., perceived valence, distinct emotions, arousal), and psychological (e.g., anxiety, fatigue) outcomes. Mindfulness meditation was effective in enhancing cognition (P=0.005); improving affective valence (P=0.01); reducing arousal (P=0.001); and decreasing sadness (P=0.04), anxiety (P=0.001) and tension (P=0.01). Similarly, mindfulness-based walking was effective in enhancing cognition (P=0.05...
Emerging work suggests that acute, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may help to subserve episo... more Emerging work suggests that acute, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may help to subserve episodic memory of neutral stimuli. Less investigated, however, is whether acute exercise is associated with enhanced memory recognition of emotional stimuli, which was the purpose of this experiment. A parallel-group randomized controlled experiment was employed. Participants (mean age = 20 yr) were randomized into an exercise (n = 17) or control group (n = 17). The exercise group engaged in a 15-min bout of moderate-intensity treadmill walking. Emotional memory recognition was assessed via images from the International Affective Picture System, including assessments of varying degrees of valence and arousal. Memory recognition was assessed at 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days post-memory encoding. We observed a significant main effect for time (F(2) = 104.2, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.77) and a significant main effect for valence–arousal classification (F(4) = 21.39, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.40), but ther...
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