Smog is considered as an air pollution source becoming a problem faced by the Province of Sou th ... more Smog is considered as an air pollution source becoming a problem faced by the Province of Sou th Kalimantan every year, especially during the dry season. The cause of smog is primarily due to massive forest fires for a variety of purposes. Index of fires observed in South Kalimantan is above 15 or the extreme, while the drought index is above 1,000, far above the normal that only 300. The thick smog occurs in the morning until the early afternoon, disrupting activity and public health, including aviation transport. Shade trees planted at the roadsides or at the green open space found in residential areas are generally selected with several criteria such as stem and branches are not easy to collapse or broken, the leaves are not easy to fall, the tree can live long so it is not easy to die and not types of plants of tap rooted that goes into the grou nd so as not to damage the asphalt of highway or street settlement. The selection of plants has not paid attention on the ability of plants to absorb pollutants that contaminate air, including smog. Research carried-out to inventory shade plants having double function, either to improve the aesthetics of the environment or the surrounding microclimate as well as at the same time able to absorb pollutant smog containing Carbon Dioxide (CO 2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxide (NO 2), sulfur oxides (SO 2), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Ozone is by providing fogging treatment against some types of shade trees. Fogging treatment is done by providing motor vehicle combustion gases or creating smog simulation gases for a certain time, and then the leaves of plants are taken as the test samples. Some tree species recommended by for the above functions are among others Bungur, Tamarind, Kiara Payung and Ketapang. ABSTRAK Salah satu sumber pencemar udara adalah kabut asap yang merupakan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan (Kalsel) tiap tahunnya terutama saat musim kemarau. Penyebab kabut asap terutama karena adanya pembakaran hutan dan lahan secara masif untuk berbagai keperluan. Indeks kebakaran yang terpantau di Kalsel di atas 15 atau ekstrim, sedangkan indeks kekeringan di atas 1.000, jauh diatas normal yang hanya 300. Kabut asap tebal terjadi pada pagi hingga menjelang siang hari sehingga mengganggu aktivitas dan kesehatan masyarakat termasuk transportasi penerbangan. Tanaman peneduh yang ditanam di tepi-tepi jalan maupun di ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) yang ditemui di pemukiman warga umumnya dipilih de ngan beberapa kriteria semisal batang dan dahan pohon tidak mudah roboh atau patah, d aun tidak mudah gugur, pohon bisa berumur panjang sehingga tidak mudah mati dan berakar tunggang yang masuk ke dalam tanah sehingga tidak merusak aspal jalan raya atau jalan pemukiman. Seringkali fungsi pohon peneduh belum memperhatikan kemampuan tanaman untuk menyerap polutan yang mencemari udara termasuk kabut asap. Penelitian yang dapat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan tanaman peneduh yang berfungsi ganda, baik untuk memperbaiki estetika lingkungan maupun iklim mikro sekitar sekaligus mampu menyerap polutan kabut asap yang mengandung karbon dioksida (CO 2), karbon monoksida (CO), nitrogen oksida (NO 2), sulfur oksida (SO 2), senyawa organik volatil (VOC), dan ozon adalah dengan memberikan perlakuan fogging terhadap beberapa jenis pohon peneduh. Perlakuan fogging dilakukan dengan memberikan gas pembakaran kendaraan bermotor ataupun menciptakan gas simulasi kabut asap selama waktu tertentu dan sebagai sampel uji diambil daun tanaman. Beberapa jenis pohon yang dapat direkomendasikan dengan beberapa fungsi diatas antara lain bungur, asam jawa, kiara payung dan ketapang. Kata kunci : Kabut asap, tanaman peneduh, Kalimantan Selatan
Water is natural resource that is essential for life of all living things. Problems frequently en... more Water is natural resource that is essential for life of all living things. Problems frequently encountered are the limited availability and difficulty to get clean water especially during dry season. One of the other problems is the high level of salt content (salinity) in most water consumed as a result of sea water intrusion. The objective of this research is to study the utilization of plants found on aquatic land or swamp land in the region of South Kalimantan as the media of reducing salt content in raw water sources for consumption water which is processed in installation of clean water. Plants used among others are water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta D. Mitch), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes, Linn) and chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis). The research was conducted by using Completely Random Design (CRD) by putting the four plants each on a container filled first with salt solutions in concentration 1% (equivalent to 10,000 ppm). The time of observation was done on 7 days, 14 days and 21 days to identify the content of salt absorbed by and the effect on the plants. The data were analyzed using anova and were tested further using DMRT on 5% standard. The result showed that all water plants used were able to absorb salt in solution and reduce the salinity in different levels of the salt absorption. It was indicated that the content of salts had different between the top of the plants (the stalks and leaves) and the roots, the concentration of salt in the roots was larger. The test results indicated that up to 21 days observation, the absorption of salts upon chinese water chestnut, water hyacinth, water lettuce and giant salvinia, sequencially were : 5400 ppm (roots) and 2400 (stalks), 5216 ppm (roots) and 2700 (stalks), 3200 ppm (roots) and 1911 ppm (stalks) and also 4125 ppm (roots) and 1700 ppm (stalks).
Smog is considered as an air pollution source becoming a problem faced by the Province of Sou th ... more Smog is considered as an air pollution source becoming a problem faced by the Province of Sou th Kalimantan every year, especially during the dry season. The cause of smog is primarily due to massive forest fires for a variety of purposes. Index of fires observed in South Kalimantan is above 15 or the extreme, while the drought index is above 1,000, far above the normal that only 300. The thick smog occurs in the morning until the early afternoon, disrupting activity and public health, including aviation transport. Shade trees planted at the roadsides or at the green open space found in residential areas are generally selected with several criteria such as stem and branches are not easy to collapse or broken, the leaves are not easy to fall, the tree can live long so it is not easy to die and not types of plants of tap rooted that goes into the grou nd so as not to damage the asphalt of highway or street settlement. The selection of plants has not paid attention on the ability of plants to absorb pollutants that contaminate air, including smog. Research carried-out to inventory shade plants having double function, either to improve the aesthetics of the environment or the surrounding microclimate as well as at the same time able to absorb pollutant smog containing Carbon Dioxide (CO 2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxide (NO 2), sulfur oxides (SO 2), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Ozone is by providing fogging treatment against some types of shade trees. Fogging treatment is done by providing motor vehicle combustion gases or creating smog simulation gases for a certain time, and then the leaves of plants are taken as the test samples. Some tree species recommended by for the above functions are among others Bungur, Tamarind, Kiara Payung and Ketapang. ABSTRAK Salah satu sumber pencemar udara adalah kabut asap yang merupakan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan (Kalsel) tiap tahunnya terutama saat musim kemarau. Penyebab kabut asap terutama karena adanya pembakaran hutan dan lahan secara masif untuk berbagai keperluan. Indeks kebakaran yang terpantau di Kalsel di atas 15 atau ekstrim, sedangkan indeks kekeringan di atas 1.000, jauh diatas normal yang hanya 300. Kabut asap tebal terjadi pada pagi hingga menjelang siang hari sehingga mengganggu aktivitas dan kesehatan masyarakat termasuk transportasi penerbangan. Tanaman peneduh yang ditanam di tepi-tepi jalan maupun di ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) yang ditemui di pemukiman warga umumnya dipilih de ngan beberapa kriteria semisal batang dan dahan pohon tidak mudah roboh atau patah, d aun tidak mudah gugur, pohon bisa berumur panjang sehingga tidak mudah mati dan berakar tunggang yang masuk ke dalam tanah sehingga tidak merusak aspal jalan raya atau jalan pemukiman. Seringkali fungsi pohon peneduh belum memperhatikan kemampuan tanaman untuk menyerap polutan yang mencemari udara termasuk kabut asap. Penelitian yang dapat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan tanaman peneduh yang berfungsi ganda, baik untuk memperbaiki estetika lingkungan maupun iklim mikro sekitar sekaligus mampu menyerap polutan kabut asap yang mengandung karbon dioksida (CO 2), karbon monoksida (CO), nitrogen oksida (NO 2), sulfur oksida (SO 2), senyawa organik volatil (VOC), dan ozon adalah dengan memberikan perlakuan fogging terhadap beberapa jenis pohon peneduh. Perlakuan fogging dilakukan dengan memberikan gas pembakaran kendaraan bermotor ataupun menciptakan gas simulasi kabut asap selama waktu tertentu dan sebagai sampel uji diambil daun tanaman. Beberapa jenis pohon yang dapat direkomendasikan dengan beberapa fungsi diatas antara lain bungur, asam jawa, kiara payung dan ketapang. Kata kunci : Kabut asap, tanaman peneduh, Kalimantan Selatan
Water is natural resource that is essential for life of all living things. Problems frequently en... more Water is natural resource that is essential for life of all living things. Problems frequently encountered are the limited availability and difficulty to get clean water especially during dry season. One of the other problems is the high level of salt content (salinity) in most water consumed as a result of sea water intrusion. The objective of this research is to study the utilization of plants found on aquatic land or swamp land in the region of South Kalimantan as the media of reducing salt content in raw water sources for consumption water which is processed in installation of clean water. Plants used among others are water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta D. Mitch), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes, Linn) and chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis). The research was conducted by using Completely Random Design (CRD) by putting the four plants each on a container filled first with salt solutions in concentration 1% (equivalent to 10,000 ppm). The time of observation was done on 7 days, 14 days and 21 days to identify the content of salt absorbed by and the effect on the plants. The data were analyzed using anova and were tested further using DMRT on 5% standard. The result showed that all water plants used were able to absorb salt in solution and reduce the salinity in different levels of the salt absorption. It was indicated that the content of salts had different between the top of the plants (the stalks and leaves) and the roots, the concentration of salt in the roots was larger. The test results indicated that up to 21 days observation, the absorption of salts upon chinese water chestnut, water hyacinth, water lettuce and giant salvinia, sequencially were : 5400 ppm (roots) and 2400 (stalks), 5216 ppm (roots) and 2700 (stalks), 3200 ppm (roots) and 1911 ppm (stalks) and also 4125 ppm (roots) and 1700 ppm (stalks).
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