Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials, 2007
A very promising technique to reduce fuel consumption in spark-ignition engine is to control the ... more A very promising technique to reduce fuel consumption in spark-ignition engine is to control the load by means of variable valve timing with electromagnetic valve train systems. So far, such concepts use actuators based on electro-magnets systems only. The best configurations are polarized actuators, in which magnetic flux of permanent magnets is in series or in parallel with the main flux circulation. Compared with non polarized actuators, the addition of permanent magnets in the magnetic circuit allows important operation improvements. The motion can be controlled more easily, allowing us to achieve a better soft-landing and to reduce the energy consumption. In addition, when the valve is not moving (either closed or open), it can remain in its position by the magnetic attraction, without any energy. Polarized actuators with permanent magnets are the best solution for electromagnetic valves.
In this paper, an original approach allowing the determination of the iron losses in the electrom... more In this paper, an original approach allowing the determination of the iron losses in the electromagnetic devices is presented. This new approach exploits the Loss Surface (LS) hysteresis model and the magnetic flux density waveforms resulting from a generalized nonlinear adaptive magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) using a mesh-based formulation in two-dimensional (2-D) or quasi three-dimensional (3-D). The model coupling has been applied to a 18-slots/16-poles radial-flux interior permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machine (PMSM) dedicated to automotive applications, mainly for electric/hybrid/fuel cell vehicles (EVs/HEVs/FCVs). The obtained results have been compared with those made retrospectively in the 2-D transient finite-element (FE) Flux. The influence of the MEC discretization on the iron loss calculation and the electromagnetic performances has been analyzed. The computation time is divided by 3/2 with an error less than 7 %.
In this paper, optimization of the control of an electrical machine allowing a minimization of it... more In this paper, optimization of the control of an electrical machine allowing a minimization of its total losses is described. It is based on the use of an iron loss model [loss surface (LS) model] coupled to the electromagnetic finite-element simulations of the machine. The LS model is a scalar and dynamic hysteresis model developed many years ago at G2Elab and tested for iron loss prediction in several cases of electric machines. It is first characterized and improved in this paper for M330-35A SiFe sheets. Then, it is associated with a finite-element analysis to compute, in a post-processor mode, the local and global magnetic losses in the machine. For electric vehicle application, the whole torque-speed variation should be investigated. To do that, a quick response surface is constructed from a small number of simulations and the iron loss is determined. Then, a suitable optimization algorithm is developed. This approach is then illustrated by a case study and compared with classical optimization in which only the copper losses in conductors are considered. Gains of up to 50% reduction in the total losses of the machine in certain operating areas are observed.
2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), 2020
This paper presents a methodology for the design by optimization of an electric machine consideri... more This paper presents a methodology for the design by optimization of an electric machine considering several operating cycles. This is achieved by simplifying the operating cycles using a k-means clustering algorithm. K-means clustering is used to simplify three operating cycles: WLTP, highway and urban. The three simplified cycles are then considered in the design optimization of a permanent magnet synchronous machine with the objective of minimizing the losses of both the electrical machine and the voltage inverter. The machine is represented by a magnetic equivalent circuit model and the voltage inverter losses by an analytical model. Then, the three optima (obtained for each cycle) are characterized and compared in terms of performance over these drive cycles.
The authors study the influence of two geometric variables, the air gap and the magnet thicknesse... more The authors study the influence of two geometric variables, the air gap and the magnet thicknesses, by using a finite element method based package, thus avoiding the parametric representation. The fundamental component of each variable was used to determine power and speed. A sinusoidal no-load voltage as well as a sinusoidal current source justify this approach. >
Le couple, la tension a vide et le courant de court-circuit d'un moteur a aimants ont ete det... more Le couple, la tension a vide et le courant de court-circuit d'un moteur a aimants ont ete determines par une methode de calcul de champ, a l'aide d'un modele a deux dimensions. Les resultats ne presentent que de tres faibles ecarts avec ceux obtenus par l'experience
This article presents an evolution of the inverse Play model to reconstruct static hysteresis fro... more This article presents an evolution of the inverse Play model to reconstruct static hysteresis from a flux density waveform input. It is to be combined with dynamic and 2-D or 3-D models to estimate the complete iron loss in electrical machines. In the first part of the article, the article shows the significant improvement in the original inverse Play model accuracy obtained by modifying the characterization measurement methodology, the subsequent discretization, and the identification method. Thereafter, a new version of the Play model, named “continuous,” is introduced, which allowed a significant gain in performance at the expense of greater computation time for the identification process. Both model versions have been validated through experimental comparison. All measurements, characterization, and validation have been done according to IEC60404-2 on two different test laboratories. The studied material is non-oriented SiFe M400-50A electrical steel.
The aim of this paper is to propose an efficient and unique reluctance network (RN) model for all... more The aim of this paper is to propose an efficient and unique reluctance network (RN) model for all translator displacements of a linear hybrid motor. This model has to consider several translator positions to analyze the linear motor performances. The proposed RN model takes into account the magnetic characteristic and the flux leakage. Consequently, the proposed model gives precise results of the electromagnetic characteristic. The RN model considers an interesting solution to deal quickly with an optimization task of a large number of constraints and parameters. The developed model is coupled with sequential quadrating programming method for an optimization process of the linear machine. The obtained results confirm the efficiency of this method for modeling and optimization of the linear machine.
International Aegean Conference on Electrical Machines and Power Electronics and Electromotion, Joint Conference, 2011
ABSTRACT An analytical method for computing the instantaneous transient magnetic flux and the edd... more ABSTRACT An analytical method for computing the instantaneous transient magnetic flux and the eddy currents losses in the armature of an actuator driven by current is proposed. The analytical method consists in modeling the armature by a circuit with reluctances and “eddy inductances”. The difference between this work and the previous ones is the fact that the analytical expressions of reluctances and “eddy inductances” are identified from the Joule effect losses and the magnetic energy in the studied armature, when a known sinusoidal magnetic flux goes through it. The presented analytical model takes into account the skin effect and brings a better accuracy on a larger range of frequency. A ladder circuit of fixed value reluctances and “eddy inductances” is also introduced, in order to approximate the response of the “exact” circuit. In that case, it is more practical for time response study and circuit simulations.
Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, International, 2008
This paper deals with the modelization of an internal short circuit in a coil of a permanent magn... more This paper deals with the modelization of an internal short circuit in a coil of a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a tooth wound stator. It focuses on the simulation of windings made of stranded conductors. The method of modelization is described, validated and applied to a case study. Different configurations of short-circuits and their consequences are investigated.
Cette communication a pour objet l'etude de differentes structures electromagnetiques pour de... more Cette communication a pour objet l'etude de differentes structures electromagnetiques pour des applications a fort couple et faible vitesse. A partir d'un cahier des charges commun, des machines synchrones a aimants permanents (classiques et discoides) ainsi que des structures a reluctance variable (non excitee, a aimants permanents au rotor et excitee par des courants triphases) ont ete dimensionnees pour une vitesse de 50 tr/mn et une puissance nominale de 10 kW. Sept structures ont ete etudiees pour un fonctionnement en moteur et une premiere comparaison, basee sur les couples massiques en est tiree.
Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials, 2007
A very promising technique to reduce fuel consumption in spark-ignition engine is to control the ... more A very promising technique to reduce fuel consumption in spark-ignition engine is to control the load by means of variable valve timing with electromagnetic valve train systems. So far, such concepts use actuators based on electro-magnets systems only. The best configurations are polarized actuators, in which magnetic flux of permanent magnets is in series or in parallel with the main flux circulation. Compared with non polarized actuators, the addition of permanent magnets in the magnetic circuit allows important operation improvements. The motion can be controlled more easily, allowing us to achieve a better soft-landing and to reduce the energy consumption. In addition, when the valve is not moving (either closed or open), it can remain in its position by the magnetic attraction, without any energy. Polarized actuators with permanent magnets are the best solution for electromagnetic valves.
In this paper, an original approach allowing the determination of the iron losses in the electrom... more In this paper, an original approach allowing the determination of the iron losses in the electromagnetic devices is presented. This new approach exploits the Loss Surface (LS) hysteresis model and the magnetic flux density waveforms resulting from a generalized nonlinear adaptive magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) using a mesh-based formulation in two-dimensional (2-D) or quasi three-dimensional (3-D). The model coupling has been applied to a 18-slots/16-poles radial-flux interior permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machine (PMSM) dedicated to automotive applications, mainly for electric/hybrid/fuel cell vehicles (EVs/HEVs/FCVs). The obtained results have been compared with those made retrospectively in the 2-D transient finite-element (FE) Flux. The influence of the MEC discretization on the iron loss calculation and the electromagnetic performances has been analyzed. The computation time is divided by 3/2 with an error less than 7 %.
In this paper, optimization of the control of an electrical machine allowing a minimization of it... more In this paper, optimization of the control of an electrical machine allowing a minimization of its total losses is described. It is based on the use of an iron loss model [loss surface (LS) model] coupled to the electromagnetic finite-element simulations of the machine. The LS model is a scalar and dynamic hysteresis model developed many years ago at G2Elab and tested for iron loss prediction in several cases of electric machines. It is first characterized and improved in this paper for M330-35A SiFe sheets. Then, it is associated with a finite-element analysis to compute, in a post-processor mode, the local and global magnetic losses in the machine. For electric vehicle application, the whole torque-speed variation should be investigated. To do that, a quick response surface is constructed from a small number of simulations and the iron loss is determined. Then, a suitable optimization algorithm is developed. This approach is then illustrated by a case study and compared with classical optimization in which only the copper losses in conductors are considered. Gains of up to 50% reduction in the total losses of the machine in certain operating areas are observed.
2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), 2020
This paper presents a methodology for the design by optimization of an electric machine consideri... more This paper presents a methodology for the design by optimization of an electric machine considering several operating cycles. This is achieved by simplifying the operating cycles using a k-means clustering algorithm. K-means clustering is used to simplify three operating cycles: WLTP, highway and urban. The three simplified cycles are then considered in the design optimization of a permanent magnet synchronous machine with the objective of minimizing the losses of both the electrical machine and the voltage inverter. The machine is represented by a magnetic equivalent circuit model and the voltage inverter losses by an analytical model. Then, the three optima (obtained for each cycle) are characterized and compared in terms of performance over these drive cycles.
The authors study the influence of two geometric variables, the air gap and the magnet thicknesse... more The authors study the influence of two geometric variables, the air gap and the magnet thicknesses, by using a finite element method based package, thus avoiding the parametric representation. The fundamental component of each variable was used to determine power and speed. A sinusoidal no-load voltage as well as a sinusoidal current source justify this approach. >
Le couple, la tension a vide et le courant de court-circuit d'un moteur a aimants ont ete det... more Le couple, la tension a vide et le courant de court-circuit d'un moteur a aimants ont ete determines par une methode de calcul de champ, a l'aide d'un modele a deux dimensions. Les resultats ne presentent que de tres faibles ecarts avec ceux obtenus par l'experience
This article presents an evolution of the inverse Play model to reconstruct static hysteresis fro... more This article presents an evolution of the inverse Play model to reconstruct static hysteresis from a flux density waveform input. It is to be combined with dynamic and 2-D or 3-D models to estimate the complete iron loss in electrical machines. In the first part of the article, the article shows the significant improvement in the original inverse Play model accuracy obtained by modifying the characterization measurement methodology, the subsequent discretization, and the identification method. Thereafter, a new version of the Play model, named “continuous,” is introduced, which allowed a significant gain in performance at the expense of greater computation time for the identification process. Both model versions have been validated through experimental comparison. All measurements, characterization, and validation have been done according to IEC60404-2 on two different test laboratories. The studied material is non-oriented SiFe M400-50A electrical steel.
The aim of this paper is to propose an efficient and unique reluctance network (RN) model for all... more The aim of this paper is to propose an efficient and unique reluctance network (RN) model for all translator displacements of a linear hybrid motor. This model has to consider several translator positions to analyze the linear motor performances. The proposed RN model takes into account the magnetic characteristic and the flux leakage. Consequently, the proposed model gives precise results of the electromagnetic characteristic. The RN model considers an interesting solution to deal quickly with an optimization task of a large number of constraints and parameters. The developed model is coupled with sequential quadrating programming method for an optimization process of the linear machine. The obtained results confirm the efficiency of this method for modeling and optimization of the linear machine.
International Aegean Conference on Electrical Machines and Power Electronics and Electromotion, Joint Conference, 2011
ABSTRACT An analytical method for computing the instantaneous transient magnetic flux and the edd... more ABSTRACT An analytical method for computing the instantaneous transient magnetic flux and the eddy currents losses in the armature of an actuator driven by current is proposed. The analytical method consists in modeling the armature by a circuit with reluctances and “eddy inductances”. The difference between this work and the previous ones is the fact that the analytical expressions of reluctances and “eddy inductances” are identified from the Joule effect losses and the magnetic energy in the studied armature, when a known sinusoidal magnetic flux goes through it. The presented analytical model takes into account the skin effect and brings a better accuracy on a larger range of frequency. A ladder circuit of fixed value reluctances and “eddy inductances” is also introduced, in order to approximate the response of the “exact” circuit. In that case, it is more practical for time response study and circuit simulations.
Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, International, 2008
This paper deals with the modelization of an internal short circuit in a coil of a permanent magn... more This paper deals with the modelization of an internal short circuit in a coil of a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a tooth wound stator. It focuses on the simulation of windings made of stranded conductors. The method of modelization is described, validated and applied to a case study. Different configurations of short-circuits and their consequences are investigated.
Cette communication a pour objet l'etude de differentes structures electromagnetiques pour de... more Cette communication a pour objet l'etude de differentes structures electromagnetiques pour des applications a fort couple et faible vitesse. A partir d'un cahier des charges commun, des machines synchrones a aimants permanents (classiques et discoides) ainsi que des structures a reluctance variable (non excitee, a aimants permanents au rotor et excitee par des courants triphases) ont ete dimensionnees pour une vitesse de 50 tr/mn et une puissance nominale de 10 kW. Sept structures ont ete etudiees pour un fonctionnement en moteur et une premiere comparaison, basee sur les couples massiques en est tiree.
Uploads
Papers by C. Chillet