BackgroundSerum prealbumin has long been used as a marker of nutritional status. However, prealbu... more BackgroundSerum prealbumin has long been used as a marker of nutritional status. However, prealbumin is a negative acute phase reactant influenced by several non-nutritional-related factors including surgery, infection, and cancer. An increasing prealbumin has been correlated with a positive nitrogen balance in general surgery patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) with 88% specificity and 70% sensitivity. To date, no trial has evaluated the effect of concurrent cancer and surgery on the value of prealbumin in predicting nitrogen balance.MethodsThis study is a concurrent retrospective design of post-operative patients (≥ 19 years of age) identified by the nutrition support service who received PN for ≥ 5 days, had a baseline and follow-up serum prealbumin and C-reactive Protein (CRP) measured, as well as a 24-hour urinary urea nitrogen (UUN) performed between days 5-10 of PN. Exclusion criteria include anuric renal failure, Child-Pugh Class C liver failure, pregnancy, and cort...
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to assist the pharmacist engaged in nutrition support the... more Purpose: The purpose of this article is to assist the pharmacist engaged in nutrition support therapy in staying current with pertinent literature. Methods: Several clinical pharmacists engaged in nutrition support therapy compiled a list of articles published in 2020 considered important to their clinical practice. The citation list was compiled into a single spreadsheet where the author participants were asked to assess whether the article was considered important to nutrition support pharmacy practice. A culled list of publications was then identified whereby at least 5 out of the 8 author participants considered the paper to be important. Guideline and consensus papers from professional organizations, important to practice but not ranked, were also included. Results: A total of 169 articles were identified; 5 from the primary literature were voted by the group to be of high importance. An additional 17 guidelines, position, recommendation, or consensus papers were also identifie...
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the fifth‐leading cause of death worldw... more Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the fifth‐leading cause of death worldwide, is characterized by chronic inflammation. However, no available agent can effectively cure this inflammation. A dietary supplement containing ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has anti‐inflammatory effects. In this study, we hypothesized that nutrition support with ω‐3 PUFA‐rich diets may be useful for treating COPD, and we compared the clinical features and inflammatory mediator levels between the COPD patients who received an ω‐3 PUFA‐rich supplement and those who received a nonrich supplement. Methods: Sixty‐four COPD patients received 400 kcal per day of an ω‐3 PUFA‐rich supplement (ω‐3 group) or an ω‐3 PUFA‐nonrich supplement (ω‐6 group) for 2 years. We prospectively investigated the clinical features of these patients and measured the levels of inflammatory mediators. Results: In 6‐minute walk testing, the dyspnea Borg scale and decrease of arterial oxygen saturation mea...
Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2006
To compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and a conventional (fat- and calorie-restricted... more To compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and a conventional (fat- and calorie-restricted) diet on lipoprotein subfractions and inflammation in severely obese subjects. We compared changes in lipoprotein subfractions and C-reactive protein levels in 78 severely obese subjects, including 86% with either diabetes or metabolic syndrome, who were randomly assigned to either a low-carbohydrate or conventional diet for 6 months. Subjects on a low-carbohydrate diet experienced a greater decrease in large very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels (difference =-0.26 mg/dL, p = .03) but more frequently developed detectable chylomicrons (44% vs 22%, p = .04). Both diet groups experienced similar decreases in the number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles (difference = -30 nmol/L, p = .74) and increases in large high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations (difference = 0.70 mg/dL, p = .63). Overall, C-reactive protein levels decreased modestly in both diet groups. However, pat...
Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2006
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of preoperative and postoperative treatment with... more The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of preoperative and postoperative treatment with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in preventing the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Postoperative AF is a common complication of CABG. There is growing clinical evidence that PUFAs have cardiac antiarrhythmic effects. A total of 160 patients were prospectively randomized to a control group (81 patients, 13 female, 64.9 ± 9.1 years) or PUFAs 2 g/day (79 patients, 11 female, 66.2 ± 8.0 years) for at least 5 days before elective CABG and until the day of discharge from the hospital. The primary end point was the development of AF in the postoperative period. The secondary end point was the hospital length of stay after surgery. All end points were independently adjudicated by 2 cardiologists blinded to treatment assignment. The clinical and surgical characteristics of the patients in the 2 groups were similar. Postoperative AF...
Purpose To assist the pharmacy clinician engaged in nutrition support in staying current with the... more Purpose To assist the pharmacy clinician engaged in nutrition support in staying current with the most pertinent literature. Methods Several experienced board-certified clinical pharmacists engaged in nutrition support therapy compiled a list of articles published in 2014 and 2015 that they considered to be important to their practice. Only those articles available in print format were considered for potential inclusion. Articles available only in preprint electronic format were not evaluated. The citation list was compiled into a single spreadsheet where the author participants were asked to ascertain whether they considered the paper important to nutrition support pharmacy practice. A culled list of publications was then identified whereby the majority of author participants (at least 5 out of 8) considered the paper to be important. Results A total of 108 articles were identified; 36 of which were considered to be of high importance. An important guideline article published in ea...
Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2003
... Ginger Langley, PharmD; Todd Canada, PharmD, BCNSP; and Lora Day, MS, RD, CNSD The University... more ... Ginger Langley, PharmD; Todd Canada, PharmD, BCNSP; and Lora Day, MS, RD, CNSD The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Pharmacy, Houston; and Department of Dietetics, Parkland Health & Hospital System, Dallas, Texas Metabolic Acidosis ...
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 1998
Malnutrition is a common problem in cancer patients and, if untreated, can lead to cancer cachexi... more Malnutrition is a common problem in cancer patients and, if untreated, can lead to cancer cachexia and poor response to therapies. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) has been shown to be valid and comparable with objective measures such as the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in general surgery patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility of SGA ratings
BackgroundSerum prealbumin has long been used as a marker of nutritional status. However, prealbu... more BackgroundSerum prealbumin has long been used as a marker of nutritional status. However, prealbumin is a negative acute phase reactant influenced by several non-nutritional-related factors including surgery, infection, and cancer. An increasing prealbumin has been correlated with a positive nitrogen balance in general surgery patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) with 88% specificity and 70% sensitivity. To date, no trial has evaluated the effect of concurrent cancer and surgery on the value of prealbumin in predicting nitrogen balance.MethodsThis study is a concurrent retrospective design of post-operative patients (≥ 19 years of age) identified by the nutrition support service who received PN for ≥ 5 days, had a baseline and follow-up serum prealbumin and C-reactive Protein (CRP) measured, as well as a 24-hour urinary urea nitrogen (UUN) performed between days 5-10 of PN. Exclusion criteria include anuric renal failure, Child-Pugh Class C liver failure, pregnancy, and cort...
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to assist the pharmacist engaged in nutrition support the... more Purpose: The purpose of this article is to assist the pharmacist engaged in nutrition support therapy in staying current with pertinent literature. Methods: Several clinical pharmacists engaged in nutrition support therapy compiled a list of articles published in 2020 considered important to their clinical practice. The citation list was compiled into a single spreadsheet where the author participants were asked to assess whether the article was considered important to nutrition support pharmacy practice. A culled list of publications was then identified whereby at least 5 out of the 8 author participants considered the paper to be important. Guideline and consensus papers from professional organizations, important to practice but not ranked, were also included. Results: A total of 169 articles were identified; 5 from the primary literature were voted by the group to be of high importance. An additional 17 guidelines, position, recommendation, or consensus papers were also identifie...
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the fifth‐leading cause of death worldw... more Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the fifth‐leading cause of death worldwide, is characterized by chronic inflammation. However, no available agent can effectively cure this inflammation. A dietary supplement containing ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has anti‐inflammatory effects. In this study, we hypothesized that nutrition support with ω‐3 PUFA‐rich diets may be useful for treating COPD, and we compared the clinical features and inflammatory mediator levels between the COPD patients who received an ω‐3 PUFA‐rich supplement and those who received a nonrich supplement. Methods: Sixty‐four COPD patients received 400 kcal per day of an ω‐3 PUFA‐rich supplement (ω‐3 group) or an ω‐3 PUFA‐nonrich supplement (ω‐6 group) for 2 years. We prospectively investigated the clinical features of these patients and measured the levels of inflammatory mediators. Results: In 6‐minute walk testing, the dyspnea Borg scale and decrease of arterial oxygen saturation mea...
Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2006
To compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and a conventional (fat- and calorie-restricted... more To compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet and a conventional (fat- and calorie-restricted) diet on lipoprotein subfractions and inflammation in severely obese subjects. We compared changes in lipoprotein subfractions and C-reactive protein levels in 78 severely obese subjects, including 86% with either diabetes or metabolic syndrome, who were randomly assigned to either a low-carbohydrate or conventional diet for 6 months. Subjects on a low-carbohydrate diet experienced a greater decrease in large very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels (difference =-0.26 mg/dL, p = .03) but more frequently developed detectable chylomicrons (44% vs 22%, p = .04). Both diet groups experienced similar decreases in the number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles (difference = -30 nmol/L, p = .74) and increases in large high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations (difference = 0.70 mg/dL, p = .63). Overall, C-reactive protein levels decreased modestly in both diet groups. However, pat...
Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2006
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of preoperative and postoperative treatment with... more The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of preoperative and postoperative treatment with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in preventing the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Postoperative AF is a common complication of CABG. There is growing clinical evidence that PUFAs have cardiac antiarrhythmic effects. A total of 160 patients were prospectively randomized to a control group (81 patients, 13 female, 64.9 ± 9.1 years) or PUFAs 2 g/day (79 patients, 11 female, 66.2 ± 8.0 years) for at least 5 days before elective CABG and until the day of discharge from the hospital. The primary end point was the development of AF in the postoperative period. The secondary end point was the hospital length of stay after surgery. All end points were independently adjudicated by 2 cardiologists blinded to treatment assignment. The clinical and surgical characteristics of the patients in the 2 groups were similar. Postoperative AF...
Purpose To assist the pharmacy clinician engaged in nutrition support in staying current with the... more Purpose To assist the pharmacy clinician engaged in nutrition support in staying current with the most pertinent literature. Methods Several experienced board-certified clinical pharmacists engaged in nutrition support therapy compiled a list of articles published in 2014 and 2015 that they considered to be important to their practice. Only those articles available in print format were considered for potential inclusion. Articles available only in preprint electronic format were not evaluated. The citation list was compiled into a single spreadsheet where the author participants were asked to ascertain whether they considered the paper important to nutrition support pharmacy practice. A culled list of publications was then identified whereby the majority of author participants (at least 5 out of 8) considered the paper to be important. Results A total of 108 articles were identified; 36 of which were considered to be of high importance. An important guideline article published in ea...
Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2003
... Ginger Langley, PharmD; Todd Canada, PharmD, BCNSP; and Lora Day, MS, RD, CNSD The University... more ... Ginger Langley, PharmD; Todd Canada, PharmD, BCNSP; and Lora Day, MS, RD, CNSD The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Pharmacy, Houston; and Department of Dietetics, Parkland Health & Hospital System, Dallas, Texas Metabolic Acidosis ...
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 1998
Malnutrition is a common problem in cancer patients and, if untreated, can lead to cancer cachexi... more Malnutrition is a common problem in cancer patients and, if untreated, can lead to cancer cachexia and poor response to therapies. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) has been shown to be valid and comparable with objective measures such as the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in general surgery patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility of SGA ratings
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