This chapter reports the first results of a research project aiming to construct a world computer... more This chapter reports the first results of a research project aiming to construct a world computer model which explicitly includes a conventional military production sector and ‘arms race’ dynamics to determine the size of military expenditures. Such a model is considered important because, as part of a ‘model set’, it can assist the high-level policy-maker, whether he is primarily responsible, for example, for economic policy, national security policy, foreign policy, etc., in recognising the full repercussions of his decisions on the world system. Based on an enhanced version of an existing world computer model called SARUM, and using an arms dynamics equation based on the ‘Richardson Process’ for which coefficients were estimated using ACDA data on military expenditures, a series of illustrative scenarios are compared. These simulations, which embody different assumptions about the way regions react to one another and determine the level of military expenditures, show that SARUM is a suitable candidate for the construction of such a world model, although more work is required before it can be used in actual decision processes.
The aggregate of exports of individual developing countries is generally considered a crucial var... more The aggregate of exports of individual developing countries is generally considered a crucial variable in development processes. Hence, a wave of studies appeared from the 1950s on, trying to explain differences in export performance between countries, and to relate exports to other economic variables (Michalopoulos and Jay, 1973; Chenery and Syrquin, 1975; Michaely, 1977; Krueger, 1978; Balassa, 1978 and 1979; Chenery, 1980; Lewis, 1980; Jepma, 1986, to give just some examples). Most of the studies explaining differences in export performance employed macroeconomic trade data. They started from the assumption that export performance should be judged on the basis of the deviation between actual export performance and the ‘normal’ performance, the latter being defined as the change in total exports which would have materialised had export growth equalled the corresponding rate of a reference group. The latter usually consists of either the group of competing countries or the world total. The deviation was subsequently explained by relative competitiveness.
Flexible instruments of climate policy, Axel Michaelowa flexible instruments and stakeholders int... more Flexible instruments of climate policy, Axel Michaelowa flexible instruments and stakeholders interests - a public choice analysis, Sandra Greiner making the clean development mechanism compatible with the Kyoto protocol, Catrinus J. Jepma and Wytze van der Gaast CDM and its implications for developing countries, Sujata Gupta and Preety M. Bhandari renewable energy supply systems in Indonesia - a case study, Regina Betz host country driven implementation - the case of Costa Rica, Michael Dutschke the impact of climate co-operation on renewable energy technologies, Karsten Krause outlook on climate and development policies, Axel Michaelowa and Michael Drutschke.
This chapter reports the first results of a research project aiming to construct a world computer... more This chapter reports the first results of a research project aiming to construct a world computer model which explicitly includes a conventional military production sector and ‘arms race’ dynamics to determine the size of military expenditures. Such a model is considered important because, as part of a ‘model set’, it can assist the high-level policy-maker, whether he is primarily responsible, for example, for economic policy, national security policy, foreign policy, etc., in recognising the full repercussions of his decisions on the world system. Based on an enhanced version of an existing world computer model called SARUM, and using an arms dynamics equation based on the ‘Richardson Process’ for which coefficients were estimated using ACDA data on military expenditures, a series of illustrative scenarios are compared. These simulations, which embody different assumptions about the way regions react to one another and determine the level of military expenditures, show that SARUM is a suitable candidate for the construction of such a world model, although more work is required before it can be used in actual decision processes.
The aggregate of exports of individual developing countries is generally considered a crucial var... more The aggregate of exports of individual developing countries is generally considered a crucial variable in development processes. Hence, a wave of studies appeared from the 1950s on, trying to explain differences in export performance between countries, and to relate exports to other economic variables (Michalopoulos and Jay, 1973; Chenery and Syrquin, 1975; Michaely, 1977; Krueger, 1978; Balassa, 1978 and 1979; Chenery, 1980; Lewis, 1980; Jepma, 1986, to give just some examples). Most of the studies explaining differences in export performance employed macroeconomic trade data. They started from the assumption that export performance should be judged on the basis of the deviation between actual export performance and the ‘normal’ performance, the latter being defined as the change in total exports which would have materialised had export growth equalled the corresponding rate of a reference group. The latter usually consists of either the group of competing countries or the world total. The deviation was subsequently explained by relative competitiveness.
Flexible instruments of climate policy, Axel Michaelowa flexible instruments and stakeholders int... more Flexible instruments of climate policy, Axel Michaelowa flexible instruments and stakeholders interests - a public choice analysis, Sandra Greiner making the clean development mechanism compatible with the Kyoto protocol, Catrinus J. Jepma and Wytze van der Gaast CDM and its implications for developing countries, Sujata Gupta and Preety M. Bhandari renewable energy supply systems in Indonesia - a case study, Regina Betz host country driven implementation - the case of Costa Rica, Michael Dutschke the impact of climate co-operation on renewable energy technologies, Karsten Krause outlook on climate and development policies, Axel Michaelowa and Michael Drutschke.
Uploads
Papers by Catrinus Jepma