In North America regional transmission organizations (RTOs) like PJM, Midcontinent ISO and ISO Ne... more In North America regional transmission organizations (RTOs) like PJM, Midcontinent ISO and ISO New England are fundamentally reliant on security constrained unit commitment (SCUC) and security constrained economic dispatch (SCED) to optimally dispatch generation resources to serve the native load in large geographical regions. Facing the challenges posed by the smart grid, RTOs are in the process of designing and implementing the next generation of dispatch systems with broader capability and higher economic efficiency. More accurate assessment of transmission flow limits will directly impact the efficiency of system and market operations. Transmission systems are constrained by the capacities or the ratings of their transmission lines. Transmission rating is defined as the maximum current that the transmission line can safely carry without damaging the conductor. Transmission owners and operators calculate static thermal ratings of their transmission lines for normal, long-term eme...
pica 2001. Innovative Computing for Power - Electric Energy Meets the Market. 22nd IEEE Power Engineering Society. International Conference on Power Industry Computer Applications (Cat. No.01CH37195)
Every type of energy utilization for electricity generation has environmental consequences. The m... more Every type of energy utilization for electricity generation has environmental consequences. The main consequences of burning fossil fuels and of nuclear power are well-known. Renewable energy sources (wind, solar, biomass, hydroelectric, geothermal, etc.) are generally thought of as harmless, but this doesn’t mean they have no environmental consequences at all. Most of them have a significant aesthetic impact and require large areas of land. Some also have a significant impact on the eco-system (birds, fishes, etc.). This paper summarizes the environmental issues caused by all kinds of renewable energy sources.
2012 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference, 2012
ABSTRACT Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to provide valuable services to the utility g... more ABSTRACT Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to provide valuable services to the utility grid through vehicle-to-grid (V2G). In order to take full advantage of V2G services aggregators are required to schedule and dispatch large groups of EVs in accordance to market rules. While there has been many studies looking at aggregator scheduling algorithms, there has been little work on algorithms for the actual dispatch. A commonly assumed method of incremental dispatch faces challenges of more expensive charging station costs and high communications overhead. In this work a dispatch algorithm for EVs performing unidirectional regulation is developed. This algorithm switches EV charging stations on and off using remote switches to meet the system regulation signal. The decisions on which EV to switch is made using charging priorities. This dispatch algorithm allows for less expensive infrastructure and a significant reduction in the required communications signals. Simulations on a group of 1000 EVs in the ERCOT system over a 24 hour period verify the performance of this dispatch algorithm against incremental dispatch algorithms.
pica 2001. Innovative Computing for Power - Electric Energy Meets the Market. 22nd IEEE Power Engineering Society. International Conference on Power Industry Computer Applications (Cat. No.01CH37195), 2000
This paper describes the functional requirements, design and implementation of the PJM market bas... more This paper describes the functional requirements, design and implementation of the PJM market based regulation (MBR) application. MBR provides the day-ahead and real-time functions to meet the regulation requirements for the next market-day through a process of competitive bidding and procurement. Regulation bids submitted by market participants are scheduled and dispatched using a security constrained economic dispatch methodology that includes
Multi-stage decision making, a fundamental tenet of stochastic programming, resonates well with t... more Multi-stage decision making, a fundamental tenet of stochastic programming, resonates well with the practice of the electricity markets. The day-ahead market, used to commit the generators, bears uncertainty in the power demand and physical conditions of the generators and transmission lines. The situation becomes less uncertain in the real-time market, where the dispatch is decided. Although traditional approaches such as
2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies, 2008
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that quadratic programming (QP) based solvers are a v... more The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that quadratic programming (QP) based solvers are a valid if not a better alternative to the linear programming (LP) based solvers in price based economic dispatch (PBED) engines. These engines are subject to rigorous performance and accuracy requirements when used in large size wholesale electricity markets. To date, most market clearing engine
In North America regional transmission organizations (RTOs) like PJM, Midcontinent ISO and ISO Ne... more In North America regional transmission organizations (RTOs) like PJM, Midcontinent ISO and ISO New England are fundamentally reliant on security constrained unit commitment (SCUC) and security constrained economic dispatch (SCED) to optimally dispatch generation resources to serve the native load in large geographical regions. Facing the challenges posed by the smart grid, RTOs are in the process of designing and implementing the next generation of dispatch systems with broader capability and higher economic efficiency. More accurate assessment of transmission flow limits will directly impact the efficiency of system and market operations. Transmission systems are constrained by the capacities or the ratings of their transmission lines. Transmission rating is defined as the maximum current that the transmission line can safely carry without damaging the conductor. Transmission owners and operators calculate static thermal ratings of their transmission lines for normal, long-term eme...
pica 2001. Innovative Computing for Power - Electric Energy Meets the Market. 22nd IEEE Power Engineering Society. International Conference on Power Industry Computer Applications (Cat. No.01CH37195)
Every type of energy utilization for electricity generation has environmental consequences. The m... more Every type of energy utilization for electricity generation has environmental consequences. The main consequences of burning fossil fuels and of nuclear power are well-known. Renewable energy sources (wind, solar, biomass, hydroelectric, geothermal, etc.) are generally thought of as harmless, but this doesn’t mean they have no environmental consequences at all. Most of them have a significant aesthetic impact and require large areas of land. Some also have a significant impact on the eco-system (birds, fishes, etc.). This paper summarizes the environmental issues caused by all kinds of renewable energy sources.
2012 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference, 2012
ABSTRACT Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to provide valuable services to the utility g... more ABSTRACT Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to provide valuable services to the utility grid through vehicle-to-grid (V2G). In order to take full advantage of V2G services aggregators are required to schedule and dispatch large groups of EVs in accordance to market rules. While there has been many studies looking at aggregator scheduling algorithms, there has been little work on algorithms for the actual dispatch. A commonly assumed method of incremental dispatch faces challenges of more expensive charging station costs and high communications overhead. In this work a dispatch algorithm for EVs performing unidirectional regulation is developed. This algorithm switches EV charging stations on and off using remote switches to meet the system regulation signal. The decisions on which EV to switch is made using charging priorities. This dispatch algorithm allows for less expensive infrastructure and a significant reduction in the required communications signals. Simulations on a group of 1000 EVs in the ERCOT system over a 24 hour period verify the performance of this dispatch algorithm against incremental dispatch algorithms.
pica 2001. Innovative Computing for Power - Electric Energy Meets the Market. 22nd IEEE Power Engineering Society. International Conference on Power Industry Computer Applications (Cat. No.01CH37195), 2000
This paper describes the functional requirements, design and implementation of the PJM market bas... more This paper describes the functional requirements, design and implementation of the PJM market based regulation (MBR) application. MBR provides the day-ahead and real-time functions to meet the regulation requirements for the next market-day through a process of competitive bidding and procurement. Regulation bids submitted by market participants are scheduled and dispatched using a security constrained economic dispatch methodology that includes
Multi-stage decision making, a fundamental tenet of stochastic programming, resonates well with t... more Multi-stage decision making, a fundamental tenet of stochastic programming, resonates well with the practice of the electricity markets. The day-ahead market, used to commit the generators, bears uncertainty in the power demand and physical conditions of the generators and transmission lines. The situation becomes less uncertain in the real-time market, where the dispatch is decided. Although traditional approaches such as
2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies, 2008
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that quadratic programming (QP) based solvers are a v... more The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that quadratic programming (QP) based solvers are a valid if not a better alternative to the linear programming (LP) based solvers in price based economic dispatch (PBED) engines. These engines are subject to rigorous performance and accuracy requirements when used in large size wholesale electricity markets. To date, most market clearing engine
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Papers by Kwok Cheung