The present study attempts to identify genetic polymorphisms of stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD) gen... more The present study attempts to identify genetic polymorphisms of stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD) gene and their relationship with blood cholesterol, triglyceride and pre-weaning growth traits in a goat population in southern Thailand. Genetic variability in caprine SCD was analyzed in 290 animals belonging to several types of Thai native (TN), Anglo-nubian (AN), Boer (B) and Saanen (SA) breed crosses by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. Four SNPs were identified in exon3 (A/G), exon5 (C/T), exon6 (C/G) and 3’untranslated region (3’UTR) (TGT deletion). Five haplotypes (A, B, C, D and E) were constructed. Haplotype frequency B was the highest (0.50) but haplotype frequency C was the lowest (0.01). Haplotype effect of SCD gene had influenced on blood cholesterol, triglyceride, weaning weight and growth rate. Individuals with haplotype C had significant lowest triglyceride, weaning weight and growth rate (P<0.05). Also, this haplotype could be culled for growth improvement in this population.
... reported that the candidate genes have influenced for preweaning growth traits such as growth... more ... reported that the candidate genes have influenced for preweaning growth traits such as growth hormone and growth hormone receptor genes (eg Lucy et al ... studies on candidate genes in beef cattle from other countries are carried out on growth (eg Moody et al., 1996, Reis et al ...
Genetic evaluation for number born alive (NBA) between nucleus and commercial herds were estimate... more Genetic evaluation for number born alive (NBA) between nucleus and commercial herds were estimated by ASREML using a sire model. Data for 8,191 nucleus herd litters and 21,538 commercial herd litters were obtained. Fixed effect testing of both herds showed significant difference for contemporary group, farm and parity. Additive genetic relationship among animals by sire were included. Heritability estimates for NBA were 0.12±0.01 for nucleus herd and 0.23±0.01 for commercial herd. Genetic and phenotypic correlations for NBA between both herds were 0.64±0.03 and 0.37±0.03, respectively.
The research was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting on weaning weight (WW) and Kleiber r... more The research was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting on weaning weight (WW) and Kleiber ratio (KR) and to estimate genetic parameters for two traits in goats. The fixed factors affecting both traits indicated that year-season of birth, sex, birth type and regression of the Thai Native (TN), Boer (BO) and Saanen (SA) influenced on WW and KR (P<0.05). Males in this population were heavier (P<0.05) than females. Weaning weights and KR of single kid were significantly higher (P< 0.05) than other birth rearing types. Bivariate analysis of three models (Model 1: without maternal genetic effect, Model 2: with maternal genetic effect and am = 0, and Model 3: with maternal genetic effect and am 0) were used to estimate genetic parameters for this research. Estimated direct heritabilities from all models were 0.26 to 0.38 for WW, and 0.22 to 0.35 for KR. Estimated maternal heritabilities from Model 2 and 3 were 0.09 and 0.12 for WW and 0.08 and 0.11 for KR, respectively...
An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dietary lysine concentration for reproductiv... more An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dietary lysine concentration for reproductive performance and optimum growth rate at first heat-no-service (HNS) and mating of replacement gilts. Three grower and finisher diets were formulated to contain low lysine (0.68 and 0.52% standard ileal digestible (SID) lysine), medium lysine (0.79 and 0.60% SID lysine), and high lysine (0.90 and 0.68 % SID lysine) at data recording day (142, 160 and 200 d of age). Trial gilts (n=2,541) were moved to breeding farms for age and performance measurement (age, body weight, caliper, flank-to-flank, backfat, loin depth, and fat-free-lean). Fixed effects of dietary lysine treatment, farm, week of birth, and covariate 100 d were included in the model and were analyzed using Proc Mixed. Dietary lysine treatment had significant influence on growth performance at natural HNS and HNS induced with PG600 (P<0.05). Gilts fed the high dietary lysine treatment had greatest impact on growth traits (P&l...
The objective of the study was to determine neonatal birth weight effects on gilt development gro... more The objective of the study was to determine neonatal birth weight effects on gilt development growth performance. Data were collected from 1,052 litters housed at Circle 4 Farms, Milford, UT. A total of 2,960 crossbred Large White x Landrace maternal line gilts entered the research Gilt Development Unit (GDU). Gilts were categorized by their individual neonatal birth weight into 3 groups Group I (£ 1.1 kg; n=772), Group II (1.2 to 1.5 kg; n=1,356), and Group III (³ 1.6 kg; n=832). Growth trait least square means (±SE) for each birth weight group were analyzed using PROC GLM. Fixed effects in the model included birth weight, week of birth and development diet with the random effect of pen within a room and common litter effect. When evaluating body weight (BW) at puberty, a fixed effect for the utilization of PG600 (yes or no) was included in the model. Neonatal birth weight group was a significant (P<0.05) source of variation for gilt growth in development. Gilts from the heavies...
The objective of the present study was to estimate the potential role that genetics plays in the ... more The objective of the present study was to estimate the potential role that genetics plays in the prolapse incidence of the U.S. commercial sow population. Data from 22,577 purebred Large White sows from two multiplier farms were used in this study. Genetic parameters for prolapse incidence were estimated based on linear and threshold animal models utilizing AIREMLF90 and THRGIBBS1F90, respectively. Fixed effects included contemporary group as year-month of removal and removal parity. A random effect for sow’s additive genetic effect was also included in the model. Sows born in 2014 had the largest prolapse incidence (P<0.05). Moreover, the highest rectal and reproductive tract prolapse incidence tended to occur in the 1st and 2nd parities. Heritability estimates for combined vaginal and rectal prolapse incidence were 0.03±0.01 and 0.003±0.003 for the linear and threshold models, respectively. The results from this study indicate that there is very little if any genetic impact on ...
The objective of this paper is to review causes of lameness lesions, lameness detection methods, ... more The objective of this paper is to review causes of lameness lesions, lameness detection methods, factors affecting lameness, the association between lameness and other economically important swine production traits, and treatment for lameness in swine breeding herds. Lameness in sows is an important welfare and economic challenge to pig producers. It has been reported to be the second most common reason for the involuntary culling of sows which directly impacts sow longevity/sow productive lifetime. Factors affecting the prevalence and severity of gilt and sow lameness breeding herd are housing type, flooring type, toes/dewclaws management, the genetic effect for feet and leg conformation, and nutrition especially mineral supplements. Sow preference and behavioural response to flooring type may be likewise be affected by lameness onset, duration, severity and location. To avoid unnecessary distress and associated financial losses, early treatment of lameness observed among the femal...
The present study attempts to identify genetic polymorphisms of stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD) gen... more The present study attempts to identify genetic polymorphisms of stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD) gene and their relationship with blood cholesterol, triglyceride and pre-weaning growth traits in a goat population in southern Thailand. Genetic variability in caprine SCD was analyzed in 290 animals belonging to several types of Thai native (TN), Anglo-nubian (AN), Boer (B) and Saanen (SA) breed crosses by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. Four SNPs were identified in exon3 (A/G), exon5 (C/T), exon6 (C/G) and 3’untranslated region (3’UTR) (TGT deletion). Five haplotypes (A, B, C, D and E) were constructed. Haplotype frequency B was the highest (0.50) but haplotype frequency C was the lowest (0.01). Haplotype effect of SCD gene had influenced on blood cholesterol, triglyceride, weaning weight and growth rate. Individuals with haplotype C had significant lowest triglyceride, weaning weight and growth rate (P<0.05). Also, this haplotype could be culled for growth improvement in this population.
... reported that the candidate genes have influenced for preweaning growth traits such as growth... more ... reported that the candidate genes have influenced for preweaning growth traits such as growth hormone and growth hormone receptor genes (eg Lucy et al ... studies on candidate genes in beef cattle from other countries are carried out on growth (eg Moody et al., 1996, Reis et al ...
Genetic evaluation for number born alive (NBA) between nucleus and commercial herds were estimate... more Genetic evaluation for number born alive (NBA) between nucleus and commercial herds were estimated by ASREML using a sire model. Data for 8,191 nucleus herd litters and 21,538 commercial herd litters were obtained. Fixed effect testing of both herds showed significant difference for contemporary group, farm and parity. Additive genetic relationship among animals by sire were included. Heritability estimates for NBA were 0.12±0.01 for nucleus herd and 0.23±0.01 for commercial herd. Genetic and phenotypic correlations for NBA between both herds were 0.64±0.03 and 0.37±0.03, respectively.
The research was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting on weaning weight (WW) and Kleiber r... more The research was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting on weaning weight (WW) and Kleiber ratio (KR) and to estimate genetic parameters for two traits in goats. The fixed factors affecting both traits indicated that year-season of birth, sex, birth type and regression of the Thai Native (TN), Boer (BO) and Saanen (SA) influenced on WW and KR (P<0.05). Males in this population were heavier (P<0.05) than females. Weaning weights and KR of single kid were significantly higher (P< 0.05) than other birth rearing types. Bivariate analysis of three models (Model 1: without maternal genetic effect, Model 2: with maternal genetic effect and am = 0, and Model 3: with maternal genetic effect and am 0) were used to estimate genetic parameters for this research. Estimated direct heritabilities from all models were 0.26 to 0.38 for WW, and 0.22 to 0.35 for KR. Estimated maternal heritabilities from Model 2 and 3 were 0.09 and 0.12 for WW and 0.08 and 0.11 for KR, respectively...
An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dietary lysine concentration for reproductiv... more An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dietary lysine concentration for reproductive performance and optimum growth rate at first heat-no-service (HNS) and mating of replacement gilts. Three grower and finisher diets were formulated to contain low lysine (0.68 and 0.52% standard ileal digestible (SID) lysine), medium lysine (0.79 and 0.60% SID lysine), and high lysine (0.90 and 0.68 % SID lysine) at data recording day (142, 160 and 200 d of age). Trial gilts (n=2,541) were moved to breeding farms for age and performance measurement (age, body weight, caliper, flank-to-flank, backfat, loin depth, and fat-free-lean). Fixed effects of dietary lysine treatment, farm, week of birth, and covariate 100 d were included in the model and were analyzed using Proc Mixed. Dietary lysine treatment had significant influence on growth performance at natural HNS and HNS induced with PG600 (P<0.05). Gilts fed the high dietary lysine treatment had greatest impact on growth traits (P&l...
The objective of the study was to determine neonatal birth weight effects on gilt development gro... more The objective of the study was to determine neonatal birth weight effects on gilt development growth performance. Data were collected from 1,052 litters housed at Circle 4 Farms, Milford, UT. A total of 2,960 crossbred Large White x Landrace maternal line gilts entered the research Gilt Development Unit (GDU). Gilts were categorized by their individual neonatal birth weight into 3 groups Group I (£ 1.1 kg; n=772), Group II (1.2 to 1.5 kg; n=1,356), and Group III (³ 1.6 kg; n=832). Growth trait least square means (±SE) for each birth weight group were analyzed using PROC GLM. Fixed effects in the model included birth weight, week of birth and development diet with the random effect of pen within a room and common litter effect. When evaluating body weight (BW) at puberty, a fixed effect for the utilization of PG600 (yes or no) was included in the model. Neonatal birth weight group was a significant (P<0.05) source of variation for gilt growth in development. Gilts from the heavies...
The objective of the present study was to estimate the potential role that genetics plays in the ... more The objective of the present study was to estimate the potential role that genetics plays in the prolapse incidence of the U.S. commercial sow population. Data from 22,577 purebred Large White sows from two multiplier farms were used in this study. Genetic parameters for prolapse incidence were estimated based on linear and threshold animal models utilizing AIREMLF90 and THRGIBBS1F90, respectively. Fixed effects included contemporary group as year-month of removal and removal parity. A random effect for sow’s additive genetic effect was also included in the model. Sows born in 2014 had the largest prolapse incidence (P<0.05). Moreover, the highest rectal and reproductive tract prolapse incidence tended to occur in the 1st and 2nd parities. Heritability estimates for combined vaginal and rectal prolapse incidence were 0.03±0.01 and 0.003±0.003 for the linear and threshold models, respectively. The results from this study indicate that there is very little if any genetic impact on ...
The objective of this paper is to review causes of lameness lesions, lameness detection methods, ... more The objective of this paper is to review causes of lameness lesions, lameness detection methods, factors affecting lameness, the association between lameness and other economically important swine production traits, and treatment for lameness in swine breeding herds. Lameness in sows is an important welfare and economic challenge to pig producers. It has been reported to be the second most common reason for the involuntary culling of sows which directly impacts sow longevity/sow productive lifetime. Factors affecting the prevalence and severity of gilt and sow lameness breeding herd are housing type, flooring type, toes/dewclaws management, the genetic effect for feet and leg conformation, and nutrition especially mineral supplements. Sow preference and behavioural response to flooring type may be likewise be affected by lameness onset, duration, severity and location. To avoid unnecessary distress and associated financial losses, early treatment of lameness observed among the femal...
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