Abstract Outdoor recreation participation has increased over time and has led to environmental de... more Abstract Outdoor recreation participation has increased over time and has led to environmental degradation. In Taiwan, significant increases in the number of hikers have resulted in negative effects on the natural forest environment. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the possible environmental impacts caused by hikers and to improve hikers' Leave-No-Trace (LNT) knowledge through an on-site educational program. This study adopted a two-stage approach. In the first stage, on-site observations, a questionnaire survey, and interviews were used to assess the impacts of hikers on the natural environment. Then, an LNT educational program was implemented and evaluated. The results indicate that hikers regard air quality and wild animal issues as the factors most affected by hiking. The results of the second stage revealed that the individual and total scores for the knowledge of the seven LNT principles significantly increased between the pretest and the post-test. Managerial implications and suggestions for future research are proposed on the basis of the obtained results.
The purpose of this research was aimed to explore the relationship between hikers' early-life... more The purpose of this research was aimed to explore the relationship between hikers' early-life outdoor experiences and environmental attitudes. In this study data were collected on-site from the hikers (aged from 20 to 50 years) of Da-Kung trails with convenience sampling. All of the questionnaires were distributed and 350 were received from the hikers. Canonical correlation analyses were used to explore the relationships between the two variables. The study results revealed the significant relationships between hikers' early-life outdoor experiences, and environmental attitudes, and two canonical factors were extracted. The first canonical factor revealed that the more hiker's personal outdoor experiences, organizational and educational outdoor experiences are witnessing as negative environmental events; the more positive they reflected on the balance of nature and limits to growth. The second canonical factor revealed that the more hiker's personal outdoor experiences as well as organizational and educational outdoor experiences, the less they perceived the idea of human domination. Therefore, we suggest that schools, outdoor managers and related institutes need to conduct more activities and programs aiming at nature for hikers to help them to develop positive environmental attitudes.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation was to identify the association between Experience Use... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation was to identify the association between Experience Use History (EUH) and types of substitution choices of hikers with the perspectives of activity involvement and place attachment. On-site surveys were distributed by systematic sampling technique to obtain a representative sample of hikers with 51% response rate. The theoretical expectation was confirmed by these data. Findings indicated that among four EUH classifications, Veterans and Visitors who perceived higher levels of activity involvement and relatively lower levels of place attachment tended to make resource substitutability, while Locals who scored highest on place attachment chose to make temporal substitutability and Beginners who scored lower on both activity involvement and place attachment were apt to make both resource and activity substitutability. Suggestions and managerial implication are further discussed.
In Taiwan, domestic tourism is a major component of all tourism activity. This paper takes Taiwan... more In Taiwan, domestic tourism is a major component of all tourism activity. This paper takes Taiwan's High Speed Rail (HSR), which was established in 2006, as an example to illustrate the influence of transportation improvement on domestic tourism. With the establishment of HSR, vast changes in the travel style of tourists have occurred, requiring changes in the operation of tourism-related
The purpose of the study was to examine the relations of five dimensions of free-time management ... more The purpose of the study was to examine the relations of five dimensions of free-time management (including goal setting and evaluating, technique, values, immediate response, and scheduling) with leisure boredom, and whether these factors could predict leisure boredom. A total of 500 undergraduates from a university in southern Taiwan were surveyed with 403 usable questionnaires was returned. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that five dimensions of free-time management had significant negative relationships with leisure boredom. Furthermore, the results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that four dimensions of free-time management were significant contributors to leisure boredom. Finally, we suggested students can avoid boredom by properly planning and organizing leisure time and applying techniques for managing leisure time.
Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 2013
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between outdoor experiences i... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between outdoor experiences in adolescence and outdoor activity involvement in adulthood, with the aim of determining which kinds of outdoor experiences could significantly influence outdoor activity involvement. According to a literature review, five variables appeared to be common in early-life outdoor experiences, including participating in outdoor activities with family and friends, participating alone, participating in outdoor activities provided by organizations, and extracurricular outdoor activities provided by schools. Data were collected from 800 participants in outdoor activities in the Da-Keng recreational area in Taiwan, with questionnaires asking about their level of activity involvement and their early-life outdoor experiences. The results revealed that there were three significantly predictive factors: participating in outdoor activities with parents, participating in outdoor activities with friends, and participating in outdoor activities provided by organizations. Based on these results, suggestions were made and discussed.
... or examined whether there is any goal or enjoyment interference (Thapa & Graefe, ... more ... or examined whether there is any goal or enjoyment interference (Thapa & Graefe, 2004; Watson, Williams, & Daigle, 1991; Watson ... 2004); paddling canoeists and motorboaters (Adelman et al., 1982), oar-powered and motor-powered whitewater rafters (Shelby, 1980), and ...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between free time management... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between free time management and quality of life for retirees. Data were collected by convenience sampling from the four main districts of Taiwan. Overall, 454 usable questionnaires were received. The data showed a positive relationship between free time management and quality of life (r = 0.72, p < .05). However, contrary to this, the relationships between time allocation and quality of life were not significant or even negative. These results indicate that retirees who effectively manage their free time can enjoy a better quality of life. Suggestions are made based on the observed relationship and some directions for future research are discussed.
This study was designed to identify the relationship between free time management and quality of ... more This study was designed to identify the relationship between free time management and quality of life, exploring whether the amount of free time or the way people using their free time relates to their quality of life. Data were collected from National Pingtung University of Science and Technology in Taiwan. Of the 500 questionnaires distribute, 403 usable questionnaires were received
Abstract Outdoor recreation participation has increased over time and has led to environmental de... more Abstract Outdoor recreation participation has increased over time and has led to environmental degradation. In Taiwan, significant increases in the number of hikers have resulted in negative effects on the natural forest environment. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the possible environmental impacts caused by hikers and to improve hikers' Leave-No-Trace (LNT) knowledge through an on-site educational program. This study adopted a two-stage approach. In the first stage, on-site observations, a questionnaire survey, and interviews were used to assess the impacts of hikers on the natural environment. Then, an LNT educational program was implemented and evaluated. The results indicate that hikers regard air quality and wild animal issues as the factors most affected by hiking. The results of the second stage revealed that the individual and total scores for the knowledge of the seven LNT principles significantly increased between the pretest and the post-test. Managerial implications and suggestions for future research are proposed on the basis of the obtained results.
The purpose of this research was aimed to explore the relationship between hikers' early-life... more The purpose of this research was aimed to explore the relationship between hikers' early-life outdoor experiences and environmental attitudes. In this study data were collected on-site from the hikers (aged from 20 to 50 years) of Da-Kung trails with convenience sampling. All of the questionnaires were distributed and 350 were received from the hikers. Canonical correlation analyses were used to explore the relationships between the two variables. The study results revealed the significant relationships between hikers' early-life outdoor experiences, and environmental attitudes, and two canonical factors were extracted. The first canonical factor revealed that the more hiker's personal outdoor experiences, organizational and educational outdoor experiences are witnessing as negative environmental events; the more positive they reflected on the balance of nature and limits to growth. The second canonical factor revealed that the more hiker's personal outdoor experiences as well as organizational and educational outdoor experiences, the less they perceived the idea of human domination. Therefore, we suggest that schools, outdoor managers and related institutes need to conduct more activities and programs aiming at nature for hikers to help them to develop positive environmental attitudes.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation was to identify the association between Experience Use... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation was to identify the association between Experience Use History (EUH) and types of substitution choices of hikers with the perspectives of activity involvement and place attachment. On-site surveys were distributed by systematic sampling technique to obtain a representative sample of hikers with 51% response rate. The theoretical expectation was confirmed by these data. Findings indicated that among four EUH classifications, Veterans and Visitors who perceived higher levels of activity involvement and relatively lower levels of place attachment tended to make resource substitutability, while Locals who scored highest on place attachment chose to make temporal substitutability and Beginners who scored lower on both activity involvement and place attachment were apt to make both resource and activity substitutability. Suggestions and managerial implication are further discussed.
In Taiwan, domestic tourism is a major component of all tourism activity. This paper takes Taiwan... more In Taiwan, domestic tourism is a major component of all tourism activity. This paper takes Taiwan's High Speed Rail (HSR), which was established in 2006, as an example to illustrate the influence of transportation improvement on domestic tourism. With the establishment of HSR, vast changes in the travel style of tourists have occurred, requiring changes in the operation of tourism-related
The purpose of the study was to examine the relations of five dimensions of free-time management ... more The purpose of the study was to examine the relations of five dimensions of free-time management (including goal setting and evaluating, technique, values, immediate response, and scheduling) with leisure boredom, and whether these factors could predict leisure boredom. A total of 500 undergraduates from a university in southern Taiwan were surveyed with 403 usable questionnaires was returned. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that five dimensions of free-time management had significant negative relationships with leisure boredom. Furthermore, the results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that four dimensions of free-time management were significant contributors to leisure boredom. Finally, we suggested students can avoid boredom by properly planning and organizing leisure time and applying techniques for managing leisure time.
Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 2013
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between outdoor experiences i... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between outdoor experiences in adolescence and outdoor activity involvement in adulthood, with the aim of determining which kinds of outdoor experiences could significantly influence outdoor activity involvement. According to a literature review, five variables appeared to be common in early-life outdoor experiences, including participating in outdoor activities with family and friends, participating alone, participating in outdoor activities provided by organizations, and extracurricular outdoor activities provided by schools. Data were collected from 800 participants in outdoor activities in the Da-Keng recreational area in Taiwan, with questionnaires asking about their level of activity involvement and their early-life outdoor experiences. The results revealed that there were three significantly predictive factors: participating in outdoor activities with parents, participating in outdoor activities with friends, and participating in outdoor activities provided by organizations. Based on these results, suggestions were made and discussed.
... or examined whether there is any goal or enjoyment interference (Thapa & Graefe, ... more ... or examined whether there is any goal or enjoyment interference (Thapa & Graefe, 2004; Watson, Williams, & Daigle, 1991; Watson ... 2004); paddling canoeists and motorboaters (Adelman et al., 1982), oar-powered and motor-powered whitewater rafters (Shelby, 1980), and ...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between free time management... more ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between free time management and quality of life for retirees. Data were collected by convenience sampling from the four main districts of Taiwan. Overall, 454 usable questionnaires were received. The data showed a positive relationship between free time management and quality of life (r = 0.72, p < .05). However, contrary to this, the relationships between time allocation and quality of life were not significant or even negative. These results indicate that retirees who effectively manage their free time can enjoy a better quality of life. Suggestions are made based on the observed relationship and some directions for future research are discussed.
This study was designed to identify the relationship between free time management and quality of ... more This study was designed to identify the relationship between free time management and quality of life, exploring whether the amount of free time or the way people using their free time relates to their quality of life. Data were collected from National Pingtung University of Science and Technology in Taiwan. Of the 500 questionnaires distribute, 403 usable questionnaires were received
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