The influence of three features of manual signs (iconicity, motoric complexity, linguistic functi... more The influence of three features of manual signs (iconicity, motoric complexity, linguistic function) on their successful acquisition by aphasic subjects was investigated. 12 severe chronic aphasic subjects were presented 37 signs in a training program for the production of manual signs. Analysis indicates that the three signs features affected the successful acquisition of signs. As a group the subjects acquired a larger percentage of high and medium iconic than of low iconic signs; a larger percentage of low and medium motorically complex signs than high; and a larger percentage of verb than noun or adjective signs. The implications of these findings with regard to selecting a manual sign vocabulary for training are discussed.
... Login to save citations to My List. Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Analysis... more ... Login to save citations to My List. Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Analysis ofconversational discourse in head-injured adults. Coelho, Carl A.; Liles, Betty Z.; Duffy, Robert J. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, Vol 6(2), Jun 1991, 92-98. ...
This study employed a modification of the intonation unit analysis for conversational discourse d... more This study employed a modification of the intonation unit analysis for conversational discourse developed by Mentis and Prutting. The percentage of total intonation units produced within separate ideational categories was calculated for groups of closed head-injured and normal control subjects as well as the examiner. No significant differences were found between subject groups or the examiner's performance within the two groups. However, significant differences were noted between the examiner's production of intonation units and the performances of both subject groups. Findings suggest the manner in which samples of conversation were elicited may have constrained the context, thereby masking potential differences between groups.
Higher level traumatically brain-injured (TBI) adults often present a challenge in assessment as ... more Higher level traumatically brain-injured (TBI) adults often present a challenge in assessment as well as in the measurement of recovery. Traditional clinical measures of language abilities have not been adequate to identify and describe precisely what is deviant about their communication. Assessment has generally consisted of aphasia tests and measures of general cognitive abilities. Although such measures may be sensitive to deficits in lower level TBI patients or those in the early stages of recovery, their usefulness with higher functioning patients is questionable due to the often subtle nature of their residual communication problems. An overview of discourse analyses is presented and recent applications of these procedures with TBI patients reviewed.
Page 1. APHASIOLOGY, 1990, VOL. 4, NO. 1, 1-8 Sign acquisition in two aphasic: subjects with limb... more Page 1. APHASIOLOGY, 1990, VOL. 4, NO. 1, 1-8 Sign acquisition in two aphasic: subjects with limb apraxia CARL A. COELHO and ROBERT J. DUFFY* Gaylord Hospital, Wallingford, Connecticut, USA *University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA ...
Substantial evidence has accumulated over the past 35 years suggesting deficient intersentential ... more Substantial evidence has accumulated over the past 35 years suggesting deficient intersentential cohesion in the narrative discourse of many individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Since Mentis and Prutting (1987) reported significantly fewer cohesive ties in the narratives of brain-injured versus normal speakers, a number of reports have replicated and expanded upon these findings (e.g., Coelho, Liles, & Duffy, 1995; Davis & Coelho, 2004; Hartley & Jensen, 1991; Liles, Coelho, Duffy, & Zalagans, 1989; Marini et al., 2011). At the same time, several studies have not found evidence of deficient intersentential cohesion in these adults (Coelho, 2002; Glosser & Deser, 1991; Hough & Barrow, 2003). It can be said then that the narratives produced by at least some speakers with TBI tend to show less adequate intersentential cohesion than that observed in normal speakers (Cannizzaro & Coelho, 2012; Coelho, 2007). Variable microlinguistic impairment has also been observed in narrativ...
ABSTRACT Purpose: Semantic elaboration is a process in which target information is analyzed in re... more ABSTRACT Purpose: Semantic elaboration is a process in which target information is analyzed in relation to content associated in meaning. The goal of the present study was to examine the use of phrasal cues intended to engage elaborative processes theorized to bolster cognitive performance. Methods: Twenty-two individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and twenty-six neurotypical (NT) individuals were studied. Short phrases intended to elicit elaborative encoding were presented prior to the introduction of a prospective memory task and word-stem completions. Phrases embodied one of three conditions: repeated, semantic, or unrelated information. The stem-completion task was presented between each prospective memory task with fixations serving as cues signaling task completion or functioning as distractors. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were captured during the presentation of word-stems. Following the completion of all word-stems, participants were presented with an old/new recognition task. Results: Linear mixed-effects model analyses revealed a significant effect of condition with respect to word retrieval and recognition memory. Captured ERPs revealed neural signatures resembling a P200. Conclusion: Semantic content increased stimulus saliency, facilitated lexical retrieval, and enhanced retention with the latter process revealing use of semantic cues as a more adept rehearsal strategy than repetition.
The behavioral effects of lexical priming are well studied in the cognitive sciences. Clinical us... more The behavioral effects of lexical priming are well studied in the cognitive sciences. Clinical use of the term and widespread implementation of priming based behavioral interventions has remained limited. This is despite the fact that response-contingent cueing, a behavioral intervention technique used during many cognitive-linguistic interventions, is grounded in theories of priming research. The aim of this manuscript is to connect behavioral performance changes observed following priming with those noted following cueing, providing a theoretical rationale for the therapeutic use of both priming and cueing in language and cognitive interventions. In this review, we establish a conceptual basis for how both primes and cues serve to pre-engage the neural system by triggering the retrieval of linked conceptual knowledge, resulting in faster and more accurate responses. Differences between the two (primes and cues) have been linked to timing and conscious intentional engagement, though these distinctions are often task dependent. Additionally, this paper will provide evidence of the clinical utility of priming. Studies of priming in adults with acquired brain injuries are discussed and clinical interventions based on theories of priming are examined. Furthermore, the present work will briefly detail the inhibitory effects of priming to aid clinicians and researchers in deciding how to pair primes and cues with intended retrieval targets. In summation, the present work is intended to bridge two related fields providing both theoretical and clinical insight with respect to the use of primes and cues.
... Disorders Following TBI. by Karen Lê, Jennifer Mozeiko & Carl Coelho. ... Szekeres, 1989)... more ... Disorders Following TBI. by Karen Lê, Jennifer Mozeiko & Carl Coelho. ... Szekeres, 1989). More than any other cognitive process, executive function skills are linked to the success of community reintegration (Sohlberg & Mateer, 2001). Aspects ...
The influence of three features of manual signs (iconicity, motoric complexity, linguistic functi... more The influence of three features of manual signs (iconicity, motoric complexity, linguistic function) on their successful acquisition by aphasic subjects was investigated. 12 severe chronic aphasic subjects were presented 37 signs in a training program for the production of manual signs. Analysis indicates that the three signs features affected the successful acquisition of signs. As a group the subjects acquired a larger percentage of high and medium iconic than of low iconic signs; a larger percentage of low and medium motorically complex signs than high; and a larger percentage of verb than noun or adjective signs. The implications of these findings with regard to selecting a manual sign vocabulary for training are discussed.
... Login to save citations to My List. Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Analysis... more ... Login to save citations to My List. Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Journal Article]. Analysis ofconversational discourse in head-injured adults. Coelho, Carl A.; Liles, Betty Z.; Duffy, Robert J. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, Vol 6(2), Jun 1991, 92-98. ...
This study employed a modification of the intonation unit analysis for conversational discourse d... more This study employed a modification of the intonation unit analysis for conversational discourse developed by Mentis and Prutting. The percentage of total intonation units produced within separate ideational categories was calculated for groups of closed head-injured and normal control subjects as well as the examiner. No significant differences were found between subject groups or the examiner's performance within the two groups. However, significant differences were noted between the examiner's production of intonation units and the performances of both subject groups. Findings suggest the manner in which samples of conversation were elicited may have constrained the context, thereby masking potential differences between groups.
Higher level traumatically brain-injured (TBI) adults often present a challenge in assessment as ... more Higher level traumatically brain-injured (TBI) adults often present a challenge in assessment as well as in the measurement of recovery. Traditional clinical measures of language abilities have not been adequate to identify and describe precisely what is deviant about their communication. Assessment has generally consisted of aphasia tests and measures of general cognitive abilities. Although such measures may be sensitive to deficits in lower level TBI patients or those in the early stages of recovery, their usefulness with higher functioning patients is questionable due to the often subtle nature of their residual communication problems. An overview of discourse analyses is presented and recent applications of these procedures with TBI patients reviewed.
Page 1. APHASIOLOGY, 1990, VOL. 4, NO. 1, 1-8 Sign acquisition in two aphasic: subjects with limb... more Page 1. APHASIOLOGY, 1990, VOL. 4, NO. 1, 1-8 Sign acquisition in two aphasic: subjects with limb apraxia CARL A. COELHO and ROBERT J. DUFFY* Gaylord Hospital, Wallingford, Connecticut, USA *University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA ...
Substantial evidence has accumulated over the past 35 years suggesting deficient intersentential ... more Substantial evidence has accumulated over the past 35 years suggesting deficient intersentential cohesion in the narrative discourse of many individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Since Mentis and Prutting (1987) reported significantly fewer cohesive ties in the narratives of brain-injured versus normal speakers, a number of reports have replicated and expanded upon these findings (e.g., Coelho, Liles, & Duffy, 1995; Davis & Coelho, 2004; Hartley & Jensen, 1991; Liles, Coelho, Duffy, & Zalagans, 1989; Marini et al., 2011). At the same time, several studies have not found evidence of deficient intersentential cohesion in these adults (Coelho, 2002; Glosser & Deser, 1991; Hough & Barrow, 2003). It can be said then that the narratives produced by at least some speakers with TBI tend to show less adequate intersentential cohesion than that observed in normal speakers (Cannizzaro & Coelho, 2012; Coelho, 2007). Variable microlinguistic impairment has also been observed in narrativ...
ABSTRACT Purpose: Semantic elaboration is a process in which target information is analyzed in re... more ABSTRACT Purpose: Semantic elaboration is a process in which target information is analyzed in relation to content associated in meaning. The goal of the present study was to examine the use of phrasal cues intended to engage elaborative processes theorized to bolster cognitive performance. Methods: Twenty-two individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and twenty-six neurotypical (NT) individuals were studied. Short phrases intended to elicit elaborative encoding were presented prior to the introduction of a prospective memory task and word-stem completions. Phrases embodied one of three conditions: repeated, semantic, or unrelated information. The stem-completion task was presented between each prospective memory task with fixations serving as cues signaling task completion or functioning as distractors. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were captured during the presentation of word-stems. Following the completion of all word-stems, participants were presented with an old/new recognition task. Results: Linear mixed-effects model analyses revealed a significant effect of condition with respect to word retrieval and recognition memory. Captured ERPs revealed neural signatures resembling a P200. Conclusion: Semantic content increased stimulus saliency, facilitated lexical retrieval, and enhanced retention with the latter process revealing use of semantic cues as a more adept rehearsal strategy than repetition.
The behavioral effects of lexical priming are well studied in the cognitive sciences. Clinical us... more The behavioral effects of lexical priming are well studied in the cognitive sciences. Clinical use of the term and widespread implementation of priming based behavioral interventions has remained limited. This is despite the fact that response-contingent cueing, a behavioral intervention technique used during many cognitive-linguistic interventions, is grounded in theories of priming research. The aim of this manuscript is to connect behavioral performance changes observed following priming with those noted following cueing, providing a theoretical rationale for the therapeutic use of both priming and cueing in language and cognitive interventions. In this review, we establish a conceptual basis for how both primes and cues serve to pre-engage the neural system by triggering the retrieval of linked conceptual knowledge, resulting in faster and more accurate responses. Differences between the two (primes and cues) have been linked to timing and conscious intentional engagement, though these distinctions are often task dependent. Additionally, this paper will provide evidence of the clinical utility of priming. Studies of priming in adults with acquired brain injuries are discussed and clinical interventions based on theories of priming are examined. Furthermore, the present work will briefly detail the inhibitory effects of priming to aid clinicians and researchers in deciding how to pair primes and cues with intended retrieval targets. In summation, the present work is intended to bridge two related fields providing both theoretical and clinical insight with respect to the use of primes and cues.
... Disorders Following TBI. by Karen Lê, Jennifer Mozeiko & Carl Coelho. ... Szekeres, 1989)... more ... Disorders Following TBI. by Karen Lê, Jennifer Mozeiko & Carl Coelho. ... Szekeres, 1989). More than any other cognitive process, executive function skills are linked to the success of community reintegration (Sohlberg & Mateer, 2001). Aspects ...
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