ABSTRACT There is a clear trend today towards non-invasive, dynamic, digital approaches to biomed... more ABSTRACT There is a clear trend today towards non-invasive, dynamic, digital approaches to biomedical imaging, and a need for even higher resolution. Light is particularly well suited for such investigations, as its temporal, spatial and intensity range are unparalleled. A convergence of new capabilities from fields as diverse as electronics, optics, molecular biology, computer science and dye chemistry have transformed light microscopy from a traditional, static, 2D tool into a highly useful, dynamic, 3D research capability for biology and medicine. We believe that the understanding of certain fundamental biological functions by dynamic mapping of events in living systems is within reach, based on novel, interdisciplinary methods. For imaging molecular events with high resolution (live cells, in vitro), light microscopy has continued to improve in performance, and we survey here some of our recent progress. The same dynamic mapping can be extended to organs, whole animals and humans, by monitoring molecules labeled with the long-wavelength dyes that proved useful in microscopy. We report here results obtained by in vivo imaging of fluorescently labeled monoclonal antibodies, indicative of tumor location and evolution in nude mice.
Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America, 1993
When the depth-of-field of a microscope is less than the axial dimension of the specimen, 3d info... more When the depth-of-field of a microscope is less than the axial dimension of the specimen, 3d information can be derived from a set of images recorded as the specimen is stepped through the object focal plane of the microscope. This procedure, known as optical sectioning microscopy (OSM), is the same in direct imaging and confocal scanning. For both of these cases in fluorescence microscopy, axial (depth) resolution is more limited than transverse resolution, for fundamental reasons. Our research aim has been to enhance axial resolution in fluorescence OSM (FOSM) while retaining the high-speed information transfer characteristics of direct imaging that are necessary for 3d studies of living cells in culture.Standing-wave fluorescence microscopy (SWFM) is a direct imaging method in which the object is illuminated by a three-dimensional field of planar interference fringes (standing waves) oriented parallel to the focal plane of the microscope. This field is produced in the specimen by...
Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America, 1994
The current status and future development plans for the Automated Interactive Microscope (AIM), t... more The current status and future development plans for the Automated Interactive Microscope (AIM), to better define the mechanisms of the function of living cells, is described. The development of AIM is fueled by biologists need to spatially and temporally correlate biochemical, molecular and genetic patterns to study cell functions such as division, locomotion and endocytosis. AIM will allow the investigator to use the cell as a “living microcuvette”.AIM redefines the meaning of the term “microscope” to include the functional capability of the microscope system provided by computerization, in addition to the more classical definition which emphasizes the opto-mechanical hardware. AIM is an next generation electronic light microscope imaging system which has grown out of our work in the development of the multimode light microscope. New functionality includes new experiment control facilities as well as related multidimensional image processing, image analysis and interactive data vis...
ABSTRACT Axial resolution in fluorescence microscopy can be improved significantly by using stand... more ABSTRACT Axial resolution in fluorescence microscopy can be improved significantly by using standing wave illumination to selectively excite planes within the depth of field of the microscope. When the specimen is thinner than 0.18 micrometers , an estimate of its D structure may be determined from three images within the same focal plane without re-focusing. Thicker objects require a combination of multi-focal-plane data and/or a priori knowledge.
Modern biological research has benefited from a renaissance of light microscopy, brought about by... more Modern biological research has benefited from a renaissance of light microscopy, brought about by the convergence of new developments in fields as diverse as electronics, physical optics, molecular biology, computer science and synthetic chemistry. Integration of these has transformed microscopy from an ancillary, static, 2-D tool into a highly useful, dynamic, 3-D research capability for biology and medicine. We believe that the understanding of certain fundamental biological functions by highly resolved, dynamic mapping of chemical and molecular events in living systems is within reach, based on novel, interdisciplinary imaging methods applied at the cellular level.
There is a renaissance and revolution in light microscopy and its use in biological research, bio... more There is a renaissance and revolution in light microscopy and its use in biological research, biotechnology, and clinical diagnostics (139, 163). This renaissance has been driven primarily by the need to define the interplay of ions, metabolites, and macromolecules in time and space in living cells and tissues. The goal is to understand fundamental biological functions by temporal-spatial mapping of chemical and molecular events in vivo. The revolution has been fueled by the integration of advances in the heretofore distinct fields of biology, chemistry, physical optics, robotics, and computer science. Powerful new reagents are being used in conjunction with automated light microscope imaging workstations to investigate the contents, activity, and dynamics of living cells and tissues. There are also great challenges. Some challenges involve instrumental
This commentary highlights the article by Joseph et al that provides guidelines for ascribing pat... more This commentary highlights the article by Joseph et al that provides guidelines for ascribing patient-centric clinical utility and validity parameters.
Changes in the pattern and distribution of both melanocytes (pigment producing) and vasculature (... more Changes in the pattern and distribution of both melanocytes (pigment producing) and vasculature (hemoglobin containing) are important in distinguishing melanocytic proliferations. The ability to accurately measure melanin distribution at different depths and to distinguish it from hemoglobin is clearly important when assessing pigmented lesions (benign versus malignant). We have developed a multimode hyperspectral dermoscope (SkinSpect™) able to more accurately image both melanin and hemoglobin distribution in skin. SkinSpect uses both hyperspectral and polarization-sensitive measurements. SkinSpect’s higher accuracy has been obtained by correcting for the effect of melanin absorption on hemoglobin absorption in measurements of melanocytic nevi. In vivo human skin pigmented nevi (N=20) were evaluated with the SkinSpect, and measured melanin and hemoglobin concentrations were compared with spatial frequency domain spectroscopy (SFDS) measurements. We confirm that both systems show lo...
We investigate the potential of mobile smartphone-based multispectral imaging for the quantitativ... more We investigate the potential of mobile smartphone-based multispectral imaging for the quantitative diagnosis and management of skin lesions. Recently, various mobile devices such as a smartphone have emerged as healthcare tools. They have been applied for the early diagnosis of nonmalignant and malignant skin diseases. Particularly, when they are combined with an advanced optical imaging technique such as multispectral imaging and analysis, it would be beneficial for the early diagnosis of such skin diseases and for further quantitative prognosis monitoring after treatment at home. Thus, we demonstrate here the development of a smartphone-based multispectral imaging system with high portability and its potential for mobile skin diagnosis. The results suggest that smartphone-based multispectral imaging and analysis has great potential as a healthcare tool for quantitative mobile skin diagnosis.
ABSTRACT There is a clear trend today towards non-invasive, dynamic, digital approaches to biomed... more ABSTRACT There is a clear trend today towards non-invasive, dynamic, digital approaches to biomedical imaging, and a need for even higher resolution. Light is particularly well suited for such investigations, as its temporal, spatial and intensity range are unparalleled. A convergence of new capabilities from fields as diverse as electronics, optics, molecular biology, computer science and dye chemistry have transformed light microscopy from a traditional, static, 2D tool into a highly useful, dynamic, 3D research capability for biology and medicine. We believe that the understanding of certain fundamental biological functions by dynamic mapping of events in living systems is within reach, based on novel, interdisciplinary methods. For imaging molecular events with high resolution (live cells, in vitro), light microscopy has continued to improve in performance, and we survey here some of our recent progress. The same dynamic mapping can be extended to organs, whole animals and humans, by monitoring molecules labeled with the long-wavelength dyes that proved useful in microscopy. We report here results obtained by in vivo imaging of fluorescently labeled monoclonal antibodies, indicative of tumor location and evolution in nude mice.
Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America, 1993
When the depth-of-field of a microscope is less than the axial dimension of the specimen, 3d info... more When the depth-of-field of a microscope is less than the axial dimension of the specimen, 3d information can be derived from a set of images recorded as the specimen is stepped through the object focal plane of the microscope. This procedure, known as optical sectioning microscopy (OSM), is the same in direct imaging and confocal scanning. For both of these cases in fluorescence microscopy, axial (depth) resolution is more limited than transverse resolution, for fundamental reasons. Our research aim has been to enhance axial resolution in fluorescence OSM (FOSM) while retaining the high-speed information transfer characteristics of direct imaging that are necessary for 3d studies of living cells in culture.Standing-wave fluorescence microscopy (SWFM) is a direct imaging method in which the object is illuminated by a three-dimensional field of planar interference fringes (standing waves) oriented parallel to the focal plane of the microscope. This field is produced in the specimen by...
Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America, 1994
The current status and future development plans for the Automated Interactive Microscope (AIM), t... more The current status and future development plans for the Automated Interactive Microscope (AIM), to better define the mechanisms of the function of living cells, is described. The development of AIM is fueled by biologists need to spatially and temporally correlate biochemical, molecular and genetic patterns to study cell functions such as division, locomotion and endocytosis. AIM will allow the investigator to use the cell as a “living microcuvette”.AIM redefines the meaning of the term “microscope” to include the functional capability of the microscope system provided by computerization, in addition to the more classical definition which emphasizes the opto-mechanical hardware. AIM is an next generation electronic light microscope imaging system which has grown out of our work in the development of the multimode light microscope. New functionality includes new experiment control facilities as well as related multidimensional image processing, image analysis and interactive data vis...
ABSTRACT Axial resolution in fluorescence microscopy can be improved significantly by using stand... more ABSTRACT Axial resolution in fluorescence microscopy can be improved significantly by using standing wave illumination to selectively excite planes within the depth of field of the microscope. When the specimen is thinner than 0.18 micrometers , an estimate of its D structure may be determined from three images within the same focal plane without re-focusing. Thicker objects require a combination of multi-focal-plane data and/or a priori knowledge.
Modern biological research has benefited from a renaissance of light microscopy, brought about by... more Modern biological research has benefited from a renaissance of light microscopy, brought about by the convergence of new developments in fields as diverse as electronics, physical optics, molecular biology, computer science and synthetic chemistry. Integration of these has transformed microscopy from an ancillary, static, 2-D tool into a highly useful, dynamic, 3-D research capability for biology and medicine. We believe that the understanding of certain fundamental biological functions by highly resolved, dynamic mapping of chemical and molecular events in living systems is within reach, based on novel, interdisciplinary imaging methods applied at the cellular level.
There is a renaissance and revolution in light microscopy and its use in biological research, bio... more There is a renaissance and revolution in light microscopy and its use in biological research, biotechnology, and clinical diagnostics (139, 163). This renaissance has been driven primarily by the need to define the interplay of ions, metabolites, and macromolecules in time and space in living cells and tissues. The goal is to understand fundamental biological functions by temporal-spatial mapping of chemical and molecular events in vivo. The revolution has been fueled by the integration of advances in the heretofore distinct fields of biology, chemistry, physical optics, robotics, and computer science. Powerful new reagents are being used in conjunction with automated light microscope imaging workstations to investigate the contents, activity, and dynamics of living cells and tissues. There are also great challenges. Some challenges involve instrumental
This commentary highlights the article by Joseph et al that provides guidelines for ascribing pat... more This commentary highlights the article by Joseph et al that provides guidelines for ascribing patient-centric clinical utility and validity parameters.
Changes in the pattern and distribution of both melanocytes (pigment producing) and vasculature (... more Changes in the pattern and distribution of both melanocytes (pigment producing) and vasculature (hemoglobin containing) are important in distinguishing melanocytic proliferations. The ability to accurately measure melanin distribution at different depths and to distinguish it from hemoglobin is clearly important when assessing pigmented lesions (benign versus malignant). We have developed a multimode hyperspectral dermoscope (SkinSpect™) able to more accurately image both melanin and hemoglobin distribution in skin. SkinSpect uses both hyperspectral and polarization-sensitive measurements. SkinSpect’s higher accuracy has been obtained by correcting for the effect of melanin absorption on hemoglobin absorption in measurements of melanocytic nevi. In vivo human skin pigmented nevi (N=20) were evaluated with the SkinSpect, and measured melanin and hemoglobin concentrations were compared with spatial frequency domain spectroscopy (SFDS) measurements. We confirm that both systems show lo...
We investigate the potential of mobile smartphone-based multispectral imaging for the quantitativ... more We investigate the potential of mobile smartphone-based multispectral imaging for the quantitative diagnosis and management of skin lesions. Recently, various mobile devices such as a smartphone have emerged as healthcare tools. They have been applied for the early diagnosis of nonmalignant and malignant skin diseases. Particularly, when they are combined with an advanced optical imaging technique such as multispectral imaging and analysis, it would be beneficial for the early diagnosis of such skin diseases and for further quantitative prognosis monitoring after treatment at home. Thus, we demonstrate here the development of a smartphone-based multispectral imaging system with high portability and its potential for mobile skin diagnosis. The results suggest that smartphone-based multispectral imaging and analysis has great potential as a healthcare tool for quantitative mobile skin diagnosis.
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Papers by Daniel Farkas