We report the presence of the North American Crangonyx floridanus co-occurring with C. pseudograc... more We report the presence of the North American Crangonyx floridanus co-occurring with C. pseudogracilis in two Irish rivers, following surveys in three rivers, eleven lake sites and an ornamental pond in 2020. This is the first record of C. floridanus in Ireland which was previously recorded in Britain in 2017. We predict that this species is likely to expand its range through the river and canal connections in Ireland as well as from inadvertent anthropogenic transmission. The taxonomic criteria are cryptic and for this reason, we used genetic methods to distinguish the two species in this study. The results highlight the need to investigate the distribution and impact of these two species in freshwater habitats in Ireland
Abstract The thermophilic bivalve Mytilus spp. complex has re-appeared in the high Arctic in Sval... more Abstract The thermophilic bivalve Mytilus spp. complex has re-appeared in the high Arctic in Svalbard after a thousand years, with the first recent indication of its appearance in 2002 at the mouth of Isfjorden on the west coast. We examine its genetic affinity to selected North Atlantic populations and the modes of spread that may be responsible for its recent re-colonisation. We record here its distribution on Svalbard archipelago along the north-western coastline and within Isfjorden collected over a seven years period. We record for the first time the intertidal occurrence that includes a presence close to a glacier front. Genetic composition of mussels Mytilus spp. from different Svalbard locations reveal similarities mainly with populations of M, edulis, M. trossulus and their hybrid from Western Europe, Faroe Island, Scotland and Norway.. The re-introduction to Svalbard most probably involved shipping and natural or anthropogenic flotsam. It seems that a new transport vector - large plastic debris - plays a significant role in this process.
A broad spectrum of human activities may lead to biological introductions into estuarine and coas... more A broad spectrum of human activities may lead to biological introductions into estuarine and coastal areas that range from the long-established transmissions by shipping to the more recent trade in live food and aquarium species distributed by aircraft. While many species are deliberately introduced for aquaculture, stocking, and habitat management, the great majority are inadvertently transmitted and the arrival mode for many is often unclear. Climate alterations and global trade are likely to result in further range extensions of taxonomically diverse invaders. In this chapter, we discuss key terms and definitions in relation to nonnative biota, their origin and distribution patterns in estuarine and coastal environments, pathways, and vectors of introductions. We also consider the impacts of invasive species on environmental quality, indicators of biological introductions and methods to assess biological pollution as well as monitoring of nonnative species in estuarine and coastal environment. The account is illustrated by case studies of some worldwide examples of nonnative macrobiota.
We report the presence of the North American Crangonyx floridanus co-occurring with C. pseudograc... more We report the presence of the North American Crangonyx floridanus co-occurring with C. pseudogracilis in two Irish rivers, following surveys in three rivers, eleven lake sites and an ornamental pond in 2020. This is the first record of C. floridanus in Ireland which was previously recorded in Britain in 2017. We predict that this species is likely to expand its range through the river and canal connections in Ireland as well as from inadvertent anthropogenic transmission. The taxonomic criteria are cryptic and for this reason, we used genetic methods to distinguish the two species in this study. The results highlight the need to investigate the distribution and impact of these two species in freshwater habitats in Ireland
Abstract The thermophilic bivalve Mytilus spp. complex has re-appeared in the high Arctic in Sval... more Abstract The thermophilic bivalve Mytilus spp. complex has re-appeared in the high Arctic in Svalbard after a thousand years, with the first recent indication of its appearance in 2002 at the mouth of Isfjorden on the west coast. We examine its genetic affinity to selected North Atlantic populations and the modes of spread that may be responsible for its recent re-colonisation. We record here its distribution on Svalbard archipelago along the north-western coastline and within Isfjorden collected over a seven years period. We record for the first time the intertidal occurrence that includes a presence close to a glacier front. Genetic composition of mussels Mytilus spp. from different Svalbard locations reveal similarities mainly with populations of M, edulis, M. trossulus and their hybrid from Western Europe, Faroe Island, Scotland and Norway.. The re-introduction to Svalbard most probably involved shipping and natural or anthropogenic flotsam. It seems that a new transport vector - large plastic debris - plays a significant role in this process.
A broad spectrum of human activities may lead to biological introductions into estuarine and coas... more A broad spectrum of human activities may lead to biological introductions into estuarine and coastal areas that range from the long-established transmissions by shipping to the more recent trade in live food and aquarium species distributed by aircraft. While many species are deliberately introduced for aquaculture, stocking, and habitat management, the great majority are inadvertently transmitted and the arrival mode for many is often unclear. Climate alterations and global trade are likely to result in further range extensions of taxonomically diverse invaders. In this chapter, we discuss key terms and definitions in relation to nonnative biota, their origin and distribution patterns in estuarine and coastal environments, pathways, and vectors of introductions. We also consider the impacts of invasive species on environmental quality, indicators of biological introductions and methods to assess biological pollution as well as monitoring of nonnative species in estuarine and coastal environment. The account is illustrated by case studies of some worldwide examples of nonnative macrobiota.
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