K. Danell (kjell.danell@szooek.slu.se) and]. P. Ball, Dept of Animal Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Ag... more K. Danell (kjell.danell@szooek.slu.se) and]. P. Ball, Dept of Animal Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Urnea, Sweden. ?A. Hofgaard, Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Box 62, SE-981 07Abisko, Sweden, and Dept of Animal Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Ume?, Sweden. -TV. Callaghan, Abisko Scientific Research Station, Box 62, SE-981 07 Abisko, Sweden, and Sheffield Centre for Artic Ecology, 26 Taptonville Road, Sheffield, U.K. S10 5BR.
Preface A. Hofgaard and T. V. Callaghan Scenarios for animal responses to global change in Europe... more Preface A. Hofgaard and T. V. Callaghan Scenarios for animal responses to global change in Europe's cold regions: an introduction K. Danell, A. Hofgaard, T. V. Callaghan and J. P. Ball Spatial responses of animals to climate change during the Quaternary R. H. W. Bradshaw Ecological characteristics of mammals in the biomes of Europe K. Danell Latitudinal gradients in species richness in northern areas: some exceptional pattern J. Kouki Impacts of climate warming on artic aphids: a comparative analysis J. S. Bale Bark beetles in a changing environment K. Heliovaara and M. Peltonen Climate and the population dynamics of two insect outbreak species in the north H. Bylund Climatic change and insect outbreaks in boreal forests: the role of winter temperatures S. Neuvonen, P. Niemela and T. Virtanen The direct and indirect effects of enhanced UV-B on the moth caterpillar Epirrita autumnata N. Buck and T. V. Callaghan Enhanced UV-B radiation and herbivory D. Gwynn-Jones Responses to def...
Effects of herbivores and standing crop on plant species and functional trait composition in Beri... more Effects of herbivores and standing crop on plant species and functional trait composition in Beringia
Spines in plants have evolved to reduce mammalian herbivory, and their main function may be to pr... more Spines in plants have evolved to reduce mammalian herbivory, and their main function may be to protect twigs more than photosynthetic tissue. Type and frequency of spines vary at different scales. We hypothesised that different types of spines affect animal foraging through different mechanisms. We studied feeding behaviour by twig-browsing goats in relation to two types of spines of Acacia tortilis using experimental manipulation of the occurrence of spines. Feeding time, number of biting actions, number and diameter of bites on trees (post-trial) and total intake were recorded. The removal of either long straight spines or short hooked spines resulted in no feeding responses by goats. The removal of both types of spines tended to increase feeding time resulting in more and larger bites with larger bite diameters and in increased total intake and utilisation compared to control branches. The removal of spines had no effects on feeding rate, expressed as biting actions per minute,...
We experimentally tested the impact of browsing, defecation and urination corresponding to four d... more We experimentally tested the impact of browsing, defecation and urination corresponding to four different levels of moose population density on abundance and number of eco-morphological groups of soil mesofauna in a Swedish boreal forest. The study was carried out in three fenced exclosures representing different levels of productivity (from nutrient-rich to nutrient-poor). Moose impact on soil communities was evaluated by analysing abundance, richness and diversity of mesofaunal groups, and by means of a multi-taxa index based on ecomorphological groups, the Biological Soil Quality index (QBS). There was a negative impact of high moose densities on the abundance and richness of soil mesofauna. Furthermore, low-moderate moose densities had a positive impact on abundance and number of eco-morphological groups. We conclude that moose can have a large impact on soil-living mesofauna, and therefore probably soil decomposition processes and biological soil quality, in young boreal forest...
K. Danell (kjell.danell@szooek.slu.se) and]. P. Ball, Dept of Animal Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Ag... more K. Danell (kjell.danell@szooek.slu.se) and]. P. Ball, Dept of Animal Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Urnea, Sweden. ?A. Hofgaard, Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Box 62, SE-981 07Abisko, Sweden, and Dept of Animal Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Ume?, Sweden. -TV. Callaghan, Abisko Scientific Research Station, Box 62, SE-981 07 Abisko, Sweden, and Sheffield Centre for Artic Ecology, 26 Taptonville Road, Sheffield, U.K. S10 5BR.
Preface A. Hofgaard and T. V. Callaghan Scenarios for animal responses to global change in Europe... more Preface A. Hofgaard and T. V. Callaghan Scenarios for animal responses to global change in Europe's cold regions: an introduction K. Danell, A. Hofgaard, T. V. Callaghan and J. P. Ball Spatial responses of animals to climate change during the Quaternary R. H. W. Bradshaw Ecological characteristics of mammals in the biomes of Europe K. Danell Latitudinal gradients in species richness in northern areas: some exceptional pattern J. Kouki Impacts of climate warming on artic aphids: a comparative analysis J. S. Bale Bark beetles in a changing environment K. Heliovaara and M. Peltonen Climate and the population dynamics of two insect outbreak species in the north H. Bylund Climatic change and insect outbreaks in boreal forests: the role of winter temperatures S. Neuvonen, P. Niemela and T. Virtanen The direct and indirect effects of enhanced UV-B on the moth caterpillar Epirrita autumnata N. Buck and T. V. Callaghan Enhanced UV-B radiation and herbivory D. Gwynn-Jones Responses to def...
Effects of herbivores and standing crop on plant species and functional trait composition in Beri... more Effects of herbivores and standing crop on plant species and functional trait composition in Beringia
Spines in plants have evolved to reduce mammalian herbivory, and their main function may be to pr... more Spines in plants have evolved to reduce mammalian herbivory, and their main function may be to protect twigs more than photosynthetic tissue. Type and frequency of spines vary at different scales. We hypothesised that different types of spines affect animal foraging through different mechanisms. We studied feeding behaviour by twig-browsing goats in relation to two types of spines of Acacia tortilis using experimental manipulation of the occurrence of spines. Feeding time, number of biting actions, number and diameter of bites on trees (post-trial) and total intake were recorded. The removal of either long straight spines or short hooked spines resulted in no feeding responses by goats. The removal of both types of spines tended to increase feeding time resulting in more and larger bites with larger bite diameters and in increased total intake and utilisation compared to control branches. The removal of spines had no effects on feeding rate, expressed as biting actions per minute,...
We experimentally tested the impact of browsing, defecation and urination corresponding to four d... more We experimentally tested the impact of browsing, defecation and urination corresponding to four different levels of moose population density on abundance and number of eco-morphological groups of soil mesofauna in a Swedish boreal forest. The study was carried out in three fenced exclosures representing different levels of productivity (from nutrient-rich to nutrient-poor). Moose impact on soil communities was evaluated by analysing abundance, richness and diversity of mesofaunal groups, and by means of a multi-taxa index based on ecomorphological groups, the Biological Soil Quality index (QBS). There was a negative impact of high moose densities on the abundance and richness of soil mesofauna. Furthermore, low-moderate moose densities had a positive impact on abundance and number of eco-morphological groups. We conclude that moose can have a large impact on soil-living mesofauna, and therefore probably soil decomposition processes and biological soil quality, in young boreal forest...
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