This article develops and estimates an industry equilibrium model of the Korean electric motor in... more This article develops and estimates an industry equilibrium model of the Korean electric motor industry from 1991 to 1996. Plant‐level decisions on R&D, physical capital investment, entry, and exit are integrated in a dynamic setting with knowledge spillovers. We apply the novel approximation of oblivious equilibrium to estimate the R&D cost, magnitude of knowledge spillovers, adjustment costs of physical investment, and plant scrap value distribution. Knowledge spillovers are essential to explaining the firm‐level productivity evolution and the equilibrium market configuration. A R&D subsidy maximizes industry output and is broadly consistent with a past policy initiative of the Korean government.
Copyright by Kristopher Kleiner 2014 This dissertation explores the causes and consequences of re... more Copyright by Kristopher Kleiner 2014 This dissertation explores the causes and consequences of real estate price fluctuations. Given the collapse of US house prices during 2007-2009 along with the simultaneous rise in national unemploy-ment an thorough understanding of both the housing market and its relation to the labor market has perhaps never been more important. While this dissertation fits in the real estate finance lit-erature, my broader purpose is to use to new micro-level data to empirically test the relevance of financial and macroeconomic theories. Chapter 2 offers evidence that small firms borrow against real estate holdings to pay employment and this collateral channel is responsible for 8-16 % of the total decline in employment between 2007-2009. Chapter 3 develops the locally-weighted repeat sales technique, a new econometric estimation to price any real estate property by comparing the house to all properties on the market. We then apply the method to the US Housing...
The aim of this dissertation is to examine, model and estimate the importance of demand factors t... more The aim of this dissertation is to examine, model and estimate the importance of demand factors that shape the diet quality choices of the U.S. households. In particular , I focus on the low-income households, because these households are consuming food of lower diet quality. Understanding whether and how income is restricting these households in their food choices is important for the policy makers. First, I analyze the importance of the food access in explaining the difference in diet quality across income. Second, I study the importance of price effects of high nutritional quality food for the low-income households. Third, I analyze the differences in preferences across the U.S. cities. iv
In this work we demonstrate a new methodology to conceptualise and implement geo-constraints in 3... more In this work we demonstrate a new methodology to conceptualise and implement geo-constraints in 3D, which has not been widely explored yet. This is done in four stages from natural language to implementation, in which geometric primitives and Object Constraint Language (OCL) play a crucial role to formulate the constraints. A database including various 3D topographic objects (e.g. buildings, trees, roads, grass, water-bodies and terrains) from CityGML (no constraints yet) is used as a case study to apply the developed methodology. In this research, a first attempt to formulate 3D geo-constraints in OCL is made. Unified Modelling Language (UML) class diagram has been extended with graphical symbols for indicating constraints between classes (in addition to the additional compartment within a class for a class constraint). These constraint expressions can be tested and translated to other models/implementations when the OCL standard is extended with spatial types and operations. Durin...
In this paper we use micro data on both trade and production for a sample of large Chinese manufa... more In this paper we use micro data on both trade and production for a sample of large Chinese manufacturing …rms in the footwear industry from 2002-2006 to estimate an empirical model of export demand, pricing, and market participation by destination market. We use the model to construct indexes of …rm-level demand, cost, and export market pro…tability. The empirical results indicate substantial …rm heterogeneity in both the demand and cost dimensions with demand being a �
A quantitative model brings together theories linking international trade to quality, technology,... more A quantitative model brings together theories linking international trade to quality, technology, and demand for skills. Standard effects of trade on importers and exporters are magnified through domestic input linkages. We estimate the model with data from Colombian manufacturing firms before the 1991 trade liberalization. A counterfactual trade liberalization is broadly consistent with post-liberalization data. It increases skill intensity from 12 to 16 percent, while decreasing sales. Imported inputs, estimated to be of higher quality, and domestic input linkages are quantitatively important. Economies of scale, export expansion, and reallocation of production are small and cannot explain post-liberalization data. (JEL F14, F16, J24, L60, O14, O19, O33)
Relative to backward firms, technologically-advanced firms source inputs from other advanced firm... more Relative to backward firms, technologically-advanced firms source inputs from other advanced firms. These sourcing patterns lead to a magnification effect of technology adoption. A firm that adopts higher-technology increases the relative supply and demand for higher-technology inputs. As a result, it positively influences the technology of other firms in its production chain. Using data from a Colombian manufacturing survey, we provide evidence that advanced firms disproportionately value advanced inputs. More novel, we provide suggestive evidence that technological advancements in some firms increase the technology of other firms indirectly linked to them through a common input market.
We hope to make a novel contribution to the literature by developing a model of an individual'... more We hope to make a novel contribution to the literature by developing a model of an individual's migration and entrepreneurship decisions over the course of the life-cycle which captures all three explanations identified above. Using data from the MMP, we will estimate the parameters of this structural model. Such structural parameter estimates will allow us to perform interesting counter-factual policy
This article develops and estimates an industry equilibrium model of the Korean electric motor in... more This article develops and estimates an industry equilibrium model of the Korean electric motor industry from 1991 to 1996. Plant‐level decisions on R&D, physical capital investment, entry, and exit are integrated in a dynamic setting with knowledge spillovers. We apply the novel approximation of oblivious equilibrium to estimate the R&D cost, magnitude of knowledge spillovers, adjustment costs of physical investment, and plant scrap value distribution. Knowledge spillovers are essential to explaining the firm‐level productivity evolution and the equilibrium market configuration. A R&D subsidy maximizes industry output and is broadly consistent with a past policy initiative of the Korean government.
Copyright by Kristopher Kleiner 2014 This dissertation explores the causes and consequences of re... more Copyright by Kristopher Kleiner 2014 This dissertation explores the causes and consequences of real estate price fluctuations. Given the collapse of US house prices during 2007-2009 along with the simultaneous rise in national unemploy-ment an thorough understanding of both the housing market and its relation to the labor market has perhaps never been more important. While this dissertation fits in the real estate finance lit-erature, my broader purpose is to use to new micro-level data to empirically test the relevance of financial and macroeconomic theories. Chapter 2 offers evidence that small firms borrow against real estate holdings to pay employment and this collateral channel is responsible for 8-16 % of the total decline in employment between 2007-2009. Chapter 3 develops the locally-weighted repeat sales technique, a new econometric estimation to price any real estate property by comparing the house to all properties on the market. We then apply the method to the US Housing...
The aim of this dissertation is to examine, model and estimate the importance of demand factors t... more The aim of this dissertation is to examine, model and estimate the importance of demand factors that shape the diet quality choices of the U.S. households. In particular , I focus on the low-income households, because these households are consuming food of lower diet quality. Understanding whether and how income is restricting these households in their food choices is important for the policy makers. First, I analyze the importance of the food access in explaining the difference in diet quality across income. Second, I study the importance of price effects of high nutritional quality food for the low-income households. Third, I analyze the differences in preferences across the U.S. cities. iv
In this work we demonstrate a new methodology to conceptualise and implement geo-constraints in 3... more In this work we demonstrate a new methodology to conceptualise and implement geo-constraints in 3D, which has not been widely explored yet. This is done in four stages from natural language to implementation, in which geometric primitives and Object Constraint Language (OCL) play a crucial role to formulate the constraints. A database including various 3D topographic objects (e.g. buildings, trees, roads, grass, water-bodies and terrains) from CityGML (no constraints yet) is used as a case study to apply the developed methodology. In this research, a first attempt to formulate 3D geo-constraints in OCL is made. Unified Modelling Language (UML) class diagram has been extended with graphical symbols for indicating constraints between classes (in addition to the additional compartment within a class for a class constraint). These constraint expressions can be tested and translated to other models/implementations when the OCL standard is extended with spatial types and operations. Durin...
In this paper we use micro data on both trade and production for a sample of large Chinese manufa... more In this paper we use micro data on both trade and production for a sample of large Chinese manufacturing …rms in the footwear industry from 2002-2006 to estimate an empirical model of export demand, pricing, and market participation by destination market. We use the model to construct indexes of …rm-level demand, cost, and export market pro…tability. The empirical results indicate substantial …rm heterogeneity in both the demand and cost dimensions with demand being a �
A quantitative model brings together theories linking international trade to quality, technology,... more A quantitative model brings together theories linking international trade to quality, technology, and demand for skills. Standard effects of trade on importers and exporters are magnified through domestic input linkages. We estimate the model with data from Colombian manufacturing firms before the 1991 trade liberalization. A counterfactual trade liberalization is broadly consistent with post-liberalization data. It increases skill intensity from 12 to 16 percent, while decreasing sales. Imported inputs, estimated to be of higher quality, and domestic input linkages are quantitatively important. Economies of scale, export expansion, and reallocation of production are small and cannot explain post-liberalization data. (JEL F14, F16, J24, L60, O14, O19, O33)
Relative to backward firms, technologically-advanced firms source inputs from other advanced firm... more Relative to backward firms, technologically-advanced firms source inputs from other advanced firms. These sourcing patterns lead to a magnification effect of technology adoption. A firm that adopts higher-technology increases the relative supply and demand for higher-technology inputs. As a result, it positively influences the technology of other firms in its production chain. Using data from a Colombian manufacturing survey, we provide evidence that advanced firms disproportionately value advanced inputs. More novel, we provide suggestive evidence that technological advancements in some firms increase the technology of other firms indirectly linked to them through a common input market.
We hope to make a novel contribution to the literature by developing a model of an individual'... more We hope to make a novel contribution to the literature by developing a model of an individual's migration and entrepreneurship decisions over the course of the life-cycle which captures all three explanations identified above. Using data from the MMP, we will estimate the parameters of this structural model. Such structural parameter estimates will allow us to perform interesting counter-factual policy
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Papers by Daniel Xu