Attitudes towards vaccination with coronavirus (COVID-19). Sources and consequences of these atti... more Attitudes towards vaccination with coronavirus (COVID-19). Sources and consequences of these attitudes.
Abstract In the present study, a swindler had high versus low freedom of choice while deciding to... more Abstract In the present study, a swindler had high versus low freedom of choice while deciding to commit a crime. He actually swindled Polish university students (involved observers) out of a large versus a small amount of money (high vs. low loss). Other students (noninvolved observers) were informed about the swindler's action. All students suggested the punishment that they believed the swindler deserved (the punishments chosen were used as an index of responsibility attribution). Involved students assigned more severe punishments than noninvolved students did. In the high-loss condition, involved observers were more punitive than they were in the low-loss condition. The judgments of the swindler's victims were determined by the magnitude of their loss; they ignored information about the swindler's freedom of choice. In contrast, the responsibility attributed by the noninvolved observers was influenced by the swindler's freedom of choice, but only in the low-loss condition. Noninvolved observers inform...
Research on emotion conducted so far has ignored situations where the subject experiences a certa... more Research on emotion conducted so far has ignored situations where the subject experiences a certain emotion, but where the external stimulus that evoked and upholds this emotion suddenly disappears. This kind of situation, however, is relatively common in everyday life. This article attempts to recognize certain consequences of those conditions under which the stimuli justifying our experience of such emotional states as fear or joy suddenly disappear. Research done to date by the author and colleagues indicates increased compliance of the subject when addressed with various requests, commands, or suggestions in the situation termed here “emotional seesaw.” The classical “live” example that illustrates this principle is the type of “good cop-bad cop” interrogation procedure. The probable mechanism underlying increased compliance under these conditions is connected with the fact that every emotion generates its own specific behavior program. When this program suddenly proves to be totally inadequate to new, modified external circumstances, the subject begins functioning “mindlessly.” This permits automatic reactions, which take no account for the peculiarity of the current situation. Another group of experiments presented in this article shows that the subject's cognitive functioning is disturbed under emotional seesaw conditions. Such a disturbance embraces not only simple cognitive operations like detection of facial expressions of emotion, but also more complex operations like arithmetical calculations done mentally. The article concludes that further research is needed regarding the consequences of sudden and unexpected withdrawal of stimuli that induce and uphold various emotions.
Abstract This research tests a model of employee helping behavior (a component of Organizational ... more Abstract This research tests a model of employee helping behavior (a component of Organizational Citizenship Behavior, OCB) that involves a direct path (Intrinsic Motives→ Helping Behavior, the Good Samaritan Effect) and an indirect path (the Love of Money→ ...
This study explores explicit justifications for recommendations regarding patients' continuing de... more This study explores explicit justifications for recommendations regarding patients' continuing detention in forensic psychiatric wards. We are interested in what arguments are used in recommendations for the continuing detention of involuntarily committed patients made by assessment teams for legal proceedings. Our frequency analysis shows that assessment teams refer predominantly to arguments related to the mental state of the detainee. When recommending a change of security level, the assessment teams frequently refer to behavioural factors. However, very rarely does such argumentation appear in recommendations for continuation of detention at the same security level. Additionally, our qualitative analysis shows a very high level of certainty with which pronouncements about patients' behaviour are made, typically in the absence of any social/institutional context. Our study shows that assessment teams tend to opt for safe decisions that are unlikely to be challenged by legal proceedings and that allow them full control over the patient.
Attitudes towards vaccination with coronavirus (COVID-19). Sources and consequences of these atti... more Attitudes towards vaccination with coronavirus (COVID-19). Sources and consequences of these attitudes.
Abstract In the present study, a swindler had high versus low freedom of choice while deciding to... more Abstract In the present study, a swindler had high versus low freedom of choice while deciding to commit a crime. He actually swindled Polish university students (involved observers) out of a large versus a small amount of money (high vs. low loss). Other students (noninvolved observers) were informed about the swindler's action. All students suggested the punishment that they believed the swindler deserved (the punishments chosen were used as an index of responsibility attribution). Involved students assigned more severe punishments than noninvolved students did. In the high-loss condition, involved observers were more punitive than they were in the low-loss condition. The judgments of the swindler's victims were determined by the magnitude of their loss; they ignored information about the swindler's freedom of choice. In contrast, the responsibility attributed by the noninvolved observers was influenced by the swindler's freedom of choice, but only in the low-loss condition. Noninvolved observers inform...
Research on emotion conducted so far has ignored situations where the subject experiences a certa... more Research on emotion conducted so far has ignored situations where the subject experiences a certain emotion, but where the external stimulus that evoked and upholds this emotion suddenly disappears. This kind of situation, however, is relatively common in everyday life. This article attempts to recognize certain consequences of those conditions under which the stimuli justifying our experience of such emotional states as fear or joy suddenly disappear. Research done to date by the author and colleagues indicates increased compliance of the subject when addressed with various requests, commands, or suggestions in the situation termed here “emotional seesaw.” The classical “live” example that illustrates this principle is the type of “good cop-bad cop” interrogation procedure. The probable mechanism underlying increased compliance under these conditions is connected with the fact that every emotion generates its own specific behavior program. When this program suddenly proves to be totally inadequate to new, modified external circumstances, the subject begins functioning “mindlessly.” This permits automatic reactions, which take no account for the peculiarity of the current situation. Another group of experiments presented in this article shows that the subject's cognitive functioning is disturbed under emotional seesaw conditions. Such a disturbance embraces not only simple cognitive operations like detection of facial expressions of emotion, but also more complex operations like arithmetical calculations done mentally. The article concludes that further research is needed regarding the consequences of sudden and unexpected withdrawal of stimuli that induce and uphold various emotions.
Abstract This research tests a model of employee helping behavior (a component of Organizational ... more Abstract This research tests a model of employee helping behavior (a component of Organizational Citizenship Behavior, OCB) that involves a direct path (Intrinsic Motives→ Helping Behavior, the Good Samaritan Effect) and an indirect path (the Love of Money→ ...
This study explores explicit justifications for recommendations regarding patients' continuing de... more This study explores explicit justifications for recommendations regarding patients' continuing detention in forensic psychiatric wards. We are interested in what arguments are used in recommendations for the continuing detention of involuntarily committed patients made by assessment teams for legal proceedings. Our frequency analysis shows that assessment teams refer predominantly to arguments related to the mental state of the detainee. When recommending a change of security level, the assessment teams frequently refer to behavioural factors. However, very rarely does such argumentation appear in recommendations for continuation of detention at the same security level. Additionally, our qualitative analysis shows a very high level of certainty with which pronouncements about patients' behaviour are made, typically in the absence of any social/institutional context. Our study shows that assessment teams tend to opt for safe decisions that are unlikely to be challenged by legal proceedings and that allow them full control over the patient.
Uploads
Papers by Dariusz Doliński