A method is presented for the preparation of fluorescence bioindicators in the form of a film. Th... more A method is presented for the preparation of fluorescence bioindicators in the form of a film. The base film is made of either cellulose acetate or cellulose acetate-covered paperboard prepared from a bio-modified cellulose. The film contains fluorescein acetate (FDA). It has been documented that the bioindicators reveal a colour change in UV light when in contact with esterases produced by microorganisms and accumulated in meat to an amount exceeding the permissible limits. The hue change toward yellow-green proceeds as a consequence of the liberation of free fluorescein by the action of enzymes from the esterase group. The released fluorescein remains in the bioindicator and does not migrate to the tested product. An intensity increase of the excited light (R+G) to the level ≥ 90 units indicates decay of the product.
Peripheral nerve injuries are one of frequent cause of disability. Results of surgical procedures... more Peripheral nerve injuries are one of frequent cause of disability. Results of surgical procedures are not still completely satisfactory, though fast development of microsurgical technician improve their efficiency. One of the major problems in surgical treatment of the peripheral nerve injuries is ends coaptation in the case of large loss of nerve tissue. And so finding substitute implants not rejected by the organism for the recipient and providing with the success is necessary of regeneration. Recently, several synthetic nerve guide implants have been introduced and approved for clinical use to replace autologous transplants. This alternative therapy is based on pioneering studies with experimental nerve guides. This paper present a review of published studies involving biodegradable nerve guides.
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives, 2021
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the surface microstructure of chitosan fil... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the surface microstructure of chitosan films on the contact angle. Films without plasticising additives made of chitosan or regenerated chitosan were selected for the tests. A sessile drop method based on the European Pharmacopoeia was used to determine the contact angle. Due to the method of film production, the contact angle measurements were made on both the top and bottom surfaces of the film. For chitosan or regenerated chitosan films, the method of preparation slightly affected the difference in wettability between the top and bottom of the films, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. On the other hand, the wettability of the top and bottom of cellulose films varied greatly depending on the side of the film. Both chitosan and cellulose films had a homogeneous structure. There were differences in the microstructure between the top and the bottom of the sample in the cellulose film, a factor that affected the contact...
... Mn 2.6 ∎ Colour white powder Chitosan Chitosan Chito Clear FG90 made of shrimps was used, del... more ... Mn 2.6 ∎ Colour white powder Chitosan Chitosan Chito Clear FG90 made of shrimps was used, delivered by Primex Ingredients ASA (Avaldsnes, Norway), and was characterised by: ∎ Deacetylation degree DD 83.2% ∎ Average ...
ABSTRACT Biotransformation of cellulose pulps creates a new modern cellulosic raw material suitab... more ABSTRACT Biotransformation of cellulose pulps creates a new modern cellulosic raw material suitable for direct dissolution in aqueous sodium hydroxide. A new method of cellulosic fibre and film manufacture, alternative to the viscose technology, was studied. Some properties of Celsol direct soluble cellulose, including its super-molecular parameters as well as useful behaviour such as solubility or spinnability, are presented.
The use of cellulolytic enzymes in the process of cellulose biomodification is one of the current... more The use of cellulolytic enzymes in the process of cellulose biomodification is one of the current applications of these enzymes which allows us to join the process of controlled partial cellulose degradation with changes to the molecular, supermolecular, and morphological cellulose structure. The application of biotechnological methods in the chemical fibre industry allows us to solve problems connected with protecting the natural environment. This paper presents the results of investigations concerning the estimation of the usability of cellulolytic enzymes created by the Aspergillus wentii £OCK 0459 strain used for modifying cellulose pulps. The tests were carried out with the use of an Aspergillaceae strain from the Polish Culture Collection (Kolekcja Czystych Kultur) at the Technical University of £Udu. Biomodified cellulose pulps, characterised by a solubility of 98% in aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide, were used for the preparation of alkaline cellulose solutions. The sol...
The process of obtaining alginate-chitosan fibres intended for medical applications was the subje... more The process of obtaining alginate-chitosan fibres intended for medical applications was the subject of our investigations. Two methods of forming two-component alginate-chitosan fibres of the core-skin type (calcium alginate and chitosan respectively) were developed. The first method of forming fibres (A), which consists in fibre spinning by feeding chitosan into a coagulation bath, allowed us to obtain alginate-chitosan fibres with a maximum chitosan content of about 3.1%. The second method (B) turned out to be more efficient. It consists in using chitosan in the finishing process, and enabled us to obtain alginate-chitosan fibres with a chitosan content of up to 9.2% wt. In order to further increase the chitosan content in the alginate-chitosan fibres manufactured by method B, polyvinylopyrrolidone (PVP), in amounts from 4% to 20% in relation to calcium alginate was introduced into the spinning solution. The two-component fibres manufactured with the use of PVP, and which included...
The article presents a method of extracting galactoglucomannans from conifers: spruce and larch. ... more The article presents a method of extracting galactoglucomannans from conifers: spruce and larch. Galactoglucomannans (GGMs) were extracted from shavings of Polish varieties of spruce and larch, using thermal and enzymatic treatment in an aqueous environment. The composition of the extracted GGMs (depending on the extraction method) was characterized by varied content of individual monosaccharides, i.e. glucose, galactose and mannose, as well as the average particle mass. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the extracted GGMs is an important factor affecting the possibility of their wide employment in modifying cellulose fibre-containing materials in order to improve their barrier quali ties, and as biological agents in plant health products. GC/MS and SEC chromatographic tests and 13C NMR analysis made it possible to establish the composition and structural changes of the acquired GGMs.
Bone repair or regeneration is a common and complicated clinical problem in orthopaedic surgery. ... more Bone repair or regeneration is a common and complicated clinical problem in orthopaedic surgery. The importance of chitosan and its derivatives and calcium phosphates has grown significantly over the last two decades due to its renewable and biodegradable source, increasing in the knowledge of its functionality in the technological and biomedical applications. The properties of bone in health and disease attract much attention. With an ever greater proportion of the population need those medical devices for hard tissue regeneration and/or replacement, making the pressure on the health systems in all countries. Ageing, diseases, fractures and demineralization are musculoskeletal disorder, which contribute and improve the suitability and developments of new materials and methods in hard tissue engineering. The excellent biocompatibility, biofunctionality, and non-antigenic property make those materials a good choice for hard tissue regeneration.
Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials, 2017
This short review presents an actual innovation in functional biopolymers related with a research... more This short review presents an actual innovation in functional biopolymers related with a research and developments in chitosan/calcium phosphate composites studies. It is a promising biomaterial to face new problems and challenges in the field of materials science, biology, and medicine, related with musculoskeletal tissues, bones, and cartilage which are under extensive investigation in regenerative medicine and advanced biomaterials research. A growing number of cases requiring medical devices, which is related with many factor such as bone fractures, defects, or diseases in addition to other various problems which need to be cured, make the scientist research and develop a great number of biodegradable and bioresorbable biocomposites. New developments in this interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary field related with new materials, new methods possibly, will increase in the near future the feasibility to design a new biocomposite tailored for specific patients and disease treatment. The global socioeconomic situation of the modern world has raised the interest in renewable materials to use in regenerative medicine. The generation of functional biocomposites from chitosan and calcium phosphates is derived from two or more different organic and inorganic materials, keeping the main characteristics of both materials like bioactivity and biodegradability and biocompatibility of the physiological environment of the human tissues. The chemical characteristics of the micro- and nano-chitosan and ceramic formation between nano-B-TCP/HAp complex showed any secondary products formation in the biocomposite, with a good stability of the nano-ceramic formation in the chitosan salt solutions. This research showed also a new method of preparations nanoparticles of the commercial calcium phosphates founded in micro-size in chitosan solution. These materials can be used in future for medical applications as a base for scaffolds production in regenerative medicine and for drug delivery.
The principal objective of the research was the development of the spinning technology of dibutyr... more The principal objective of the research was the development of the spinning technology of dibutyrylchitin (DBC) fibres, multifilament yarns from DBC, fol lowed by the elaboration of the production method of textile materials for wound dressings and implants as well as estimation of their biological properties. The application of chitin is limited due to low solubility in most common organic solvents. Therefore, chemically modified chitin derivative dibutyryl chitin characterized by high solubility seems to be a valuable polymer for fibres manufacture and their processing to textile medical products [1, 2]. DMF, methylpyrrolidone, EtOH and DMSO were used as solvents for preparing the DBC spinning solutions. Spinning process for the production of DBC fibres in semi-technical scale was optimized at Institute of Chemical Fibres (IWCh), Poland. DBC fibres were manufactured in the process of wet spinning carried out on an apparatus com monly used for preparation of rayon fibres. Technologies for the formation of fleece from DBC fibres, manufacturing of flat non-woven DBC materials as well as manufacturing of DBC knitted goods have been elaborated at TUL, Poland.
A method is presented for the preparation of fluorescence bioindicators in the form of a film. Th... more A method is presented for the preparation of fluorescence bioindicators in the form of a film. The base film is made of either cellulose acetate or cellulose acetate-covered paperboard prepared from a bio-modified cellulose. The film contains fluorescein acetate (FDA). It has been documented that the bioindicators reveal a colour change in UV light when in contact with esterases produced by microorganisms and accumulated in meat to an amount exceeding the permissible limits. The hue change toward yellow-green proceeds as a consequence of the liberation of free fluorescein by the action of enzymes from the esterase group. The released fluorescein remains in the bioindicator and does not migrate to the tested product. An intensity increase of the excited light (R+G) to the level ≥ 90 units indicates decay of the product.
Peripheral nerve injuries are one of frequent cause of disability. Results of surgical procedures... more Peripheral nerve injuries are one of frequent cause of disability. Results of surgical procedures are not still completely satisfactory, though fast development of microsurgical technician improve their efficiency. One of the major problems in surgical treatment of the peripheral nerve injuries is ends coaptation in the case of large loss of nerve tissue. And so finding substitute implants not rejected by the organism for the recipient and providing with the success is necessary of regeneration. Recently, several synthetic nerve guide implants have been introduced and approved for clinical use to replace autologous transplants. This alternative therapy is based on pioneering studies with experimental nerve guides. This paper present a review of published studies involving biodegradable nerve guides.
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives, 2021
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the surface microstructure of chitosan fil... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the surface microstructure of chitosan films on the contact angle. Films without plasticising additives made of chitosan or regenerated chitosan were selected for the tests. A sessile drop method based on the European Pharmacopoeia was used to determine the contact angle. Due to the method of film production, the contact angle measurements were made on both the top and bottom surfaces of the film. For chitosan or regenerated chitosan films, the method of preparation slightly affected the difference in wettability between the top and bottom of the films, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. On the other hand, the wettability of the top and bottom of cellulose films varied greatly depending on the side of the film. Both chitosan and cellulose films had a homogeneous structure. There were differences in the microstructure between the top and the bottom of the sample in the cellulose film, a factor that affected the contact...
... Mn 2.6 ∎ Colour white powder Chitosan Chitosan Chito Clear FG90 made of shrimps was used, del... more ... Mn 2.6 ∎ Colour white powder Chitosan Chitosan Chito Clear FG90 made of shrimps was used, delivered by Primex Ingredients ASA (Avaldsnes, Norway), and was characterised by: ∎ Deacetylation degree DD 83.2% ∎ Average ...
ABSTRACT Biotransformation of cellulose pulps creates a new modern cellulosic raw material suitab... more ABSTRACT Biotransformation of cellulose pulps creates a new modern cellulosic raw material suitable for direct dissolution in aqueous sodium hydroxide. A new method of cellulosic fibre and film manufacture, alternative to the viscose technology, was studied. Some properties of Celsol direct soluble cellulose, including its super-molecular parameters as well as useful behaviour such as solubility or spinnability, are presented.
The use of cellulolytic enzymes in the process of cellulose biomodification is one of the current... more The use of cellulolytic enzymes in the process of cellulose biomodification is one of the current applications of these enzymes which allows us to join the process of controlled partial cellulose degradation with changes to the molecular, supermolecular, and morphological cellulose structure. The application of biotechnological methods in the chemical fibre industry allows us to solve problems connected with protecting the natural environment. This paper presents the results of investigations concerning the estimation of the usability of cellulolytic enzymes created by the Aspergillus wentii £OCK 0459 strain used for modifying cellulose pulps. The tests were carried out with the use of an Aspergillaceae strain from the Polish Culture Collection (Kolekcja Czystych Kultur) at the Technical University of £Udu. Biomodified cellulose pulps, characterised by a solubility of 98% in aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide, were used for the preparation of alkaline cellulose solutions. The sol...
The process of obtaining alginate-chitosan fibres intended for medical applications was the subje... more The process of obtaining alginate-chitosan fibres intended for medical applications was the subject of our investigations. Two methods of forming two-component alginate-chitosan fibres of the core-skin type (calcium alginate and chitosan respectively) were developed. The first method of forming fibres (A), which consists in fibre spinning by feeding chitosan into a coagulation bath, allowed us to obtain alginate-chitosan fibres with a maximum chitosan content of about 3.1%. The second method (B) turned out to be more efficient. It consists in using chitosan in the finishing process, and enabled us to obtain alginate-chitosan fibres with a chitosan content of up to 9.2% wt. In order to further increase the chitosan content in the alginate-chitosan fibres manufactured by method B, polyvinylopyrrolidone (PVP), in amounts from 4% to 20% in relation to calcium alginate was introduced into the spinning solution. The two-component fibres manufactured with the use of PVP, and which included...
The article presents a method of extracting galactoglucomannans from conifers: spruce and larch. ... more The article presents a method of extracting galactoglucomannans from conifers: spruce and larch. Galactoglucomannans (GGMs) were extracted from shavings of Polish varieties of spruce and larch, using thermal and enzymatic treatment in an aqueous environment. The composition of the extracted GGMs (depending on the extraction method) was characterized by varied content of individual monosaccharides, i.e. glucose, galactose and mannose, as well as the average particle mass. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the extracted GGMs is an important factor affecting the possibility of their wide employment in modifying cellulose fibre-containing materials in order to improve their barrier quali ties, and as biological agents in plant health products. GC/MS and SEC chromatographic tests and 13C NMR analysis made it possible to establish the composition and structural changes of the acquired GGMs.
Bone repair or regeneration is a common and complicated clinical problem in orthopaedic surgery. ... more Bone repair or regeneration is a common and complicated clinical problem in orthopaedic surgery. The importance of chitosan and its derivatives and calcium phosphates has grown significantly over the last two decades due to its renewable and biodegradable source, increasing in the knowledge of its functionality in the technological and biomedical applications. The properties of bone in health and disease attract much attention. With an ever greater proportion of the population need those medical devices for hard tissue regeneration and/or replacement, making the pressure on the health systems in all countries. Ageing, diseases, fractures and demineralization are musculoskeletal disorder, which contribute and improve the suitability and developments of new materials and methods in hard tissue engineering. The excellent biocompatibility, biofunctionality, and non-antigenic property make those materials a good choice for hard tissue regeneration.
Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials, 2017
This short review presents an actual innovation in functional biopolymers related with a research... more This short review presents an actual innovation in functional biopolymers related with a research and developments in chitosan/calcium phosphate composites studies. It is a promising biomaterial to face new problems and challenges in the field of materials science, biology, and medicine, related with musculoskeletal tissues, bones, and cartilage which are under extensive investigation in regenerative medicine and advanced biomaterials research. A growing number of cases requiring medical devices, which is related with many factor such as bone fractures, defects, or diseases in addition to other various problems which need to be cured, make the scientist research and develop a great number of biodegradable and bioresorbable biocomposites. New developments in this interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary field related with new materials, new methods possibly, will increase in the near future the feasibility to design a new biocomposite tailored for specific patients and disease treatment. The global socioeconomic situation of the modern world has raised the interest in renewable materials to use in regenerative medicine. The generation of functional biocomposites from chitosan and calcium phosphates is derived from two or more different organic and inorganic materials, keeping the main characteristics of both materials like bioactivity and biodegradability and biocompatibility of the physiological environment of the human tissues. The chemical characteristics of the micro- and nano-chitosan and ceramic formation between nano-B-TCP/HAp complex showed any secondary products formation in the biocomposite, with a good stability of the nano-ceramic formation in the chitosan salt solutions. This research showed also a new method of preparations nanoparticles of the commercial calcium phosphates founded in micro-size in chitosan solution. These materials can be used in future for medical applications as a base for scaffolds production in regenerative medicine and for drug delivery.
The principal objective of the research was the development of the spinning technology of dibutyr... more The principal objective of the research was the development of the spinning technology of dibutyrylchitin (DBC) fibres, multifilament yarns from DBC, fol lowed by the elaboration of the production method of textile materials for wound dressings and implants as well as estimation of their biological properties. The application of chitin is limited due to low solubility in most common organic solvents. Therefore, chemically modified chitin derivative dibutyryl chitin characterized by high solubility seems to be a valuable polymer for fibres manufacture and their processing to textile medical products [1, 2]. DMF, methylpyrrolidone, EtOH and DMSO were used as solvents for preparing the DBC spinning solutions. Spinning process for the production of DBC fibres in semi-technical scale was optimized at Institute of Chemical Fibres (IWCh), Poland. DBC fibres were manufactured in the process of wet spinning carried out on an apparatus com monly used for preparation of rayon fibres. Technologies for the formation of fleece from DBC fibres, manufacturing of flat non-woven DBC materials as well as manufacturing of DBC knitted goods have been elaborated at TUL, Poland.
Uploads