Copyright information: Taken from "Validation and Calibration of a Model Used to Reconstruct... more Copyright information: Taken from "Validation and Calibration of a Model Used to Reconstruct Historical Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Use in Epidemiologic Studies"Environmental Health Perspectives 2006;114(7):1053-1058.Published online 13 Mar 2006PMCID:PMC1513337.This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original DOI Study participants were drawn from the shaded area, which is 150-km in length and extends outward from New York City. The location of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency carbon monoxide monitor is also indicated.
The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has risen over the past several decades. Reasons for ... more The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has risen over the past several decades. Reasons for this increase are largely unexplained. In this population-based case-control study, we examined NHL risk and exposure to organochlorine compounds using concentrations in carpet dust as an exposure indicator. We identified NHL cases, uninfected with HIV, diagnosed between 1998 and 2000 among women and men ages 20-74 years in Iowa, Los Angeles County, and the Detroit and Seattle metropolitan areas. Controls were selected using random-digit-dialing or Medicare files. Organochlorine concentrations were measured in vacuum bag dust from 603 white cases and 443 white controls who had owned most of their carpets for at least 5 years. NHL risk was elevated if any of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (PCBs 105, 138, 153, 170, or 180) was detected (odds ratio = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-2.0). Risk was elevated in the top tertile of PCB 180 (1.7; 1.1-2.6) and in the top 2 tertiles of total PCBs (middle tertile, 1.6 [1.1-2.4]; top tertile 1.5 [1.0-2.2]). There was a positive trend in risk with increasing PCB 180 levels (P trend = 0.03). NHL risk was elevated if dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) was detected (1.3; 1.0-1.7), but only among men. A positive, but not monotonic, dose-response relationship was observed for DDE (P trend = 0.02). Our findings suggest an increased risk of NHL associated with exposure to PCBs, with evidence of greater effects for PCB 180. There is also some evidence of an association with DDE.
Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation, 1988
The Lubbock Infection Surveillance Study (LISS) investigated possible adverse effects on human he... more The Lubbock Infection Surveillance Study (LISS) investigated possible adverse effects on human health from slow-rate land application of municipal wastewater. Extensive air sampling was conducted to characterize the irrigation site as a source of infectious microbial aerosols. Spray irrigation of poor-quality waste water received directly from the treatment plant significantly elevated air densities of fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, mycobacteria, and coliphage above ambient background levels for at least 200 m downwind. Enteroviruses were repeatedly recovered at 44 to 60 m downwind at a higher level (geometric mean = 0.05 pfu/m3) than observed at other waste water aerosol sites in the U.S. and in Israel. Waste water storage in reservoirs reduced downwind air densities of indicator organisms by two orders of magnitude.
B44 The fetus is more susceptible than the adult to the effects of certain carcinogens, such as p... more B44 The fetus is more susceptible than the adult to the effects of certain carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Nutritional factors, including antioxidants, have been shown to have a protective effect on carcinogen-DNA adducts and cancer risk in adults. We investigated whether the effect of prenatal airborne PAH exposure, measured by personal air monitoring during pregnancy, on the level of PAH-DNA adducts in a baby’s cord blood is modified by the concentration of micronutrients in maternal and cord blood. The micronutrients examined were: retinol (vitamin A), α- and γ-tocopherol (vitamin E), and carotenoids. Using multiple linear regression, we found a significant interaction between prenatal PAH exposure and cord blood concentration of α-tocopherol and carotenoids in predicting the concentration of PAH adducts in cord blood. The association between PAH exposure and PAH adducts was much stronger among those with low α-tocopherol (β=0.15, P-value=0.001) and among those with low carotenoids (β=0.16, P-value=0.000) compared to the babies with high levels of these micronutrients (among those with high α-tocopherol: β=0.05, P-value=0.165; among those with high carotenoids: β=0.06, P-value=0.111). These results suggest a protective effect of micronutrients on the DNA damage and potential cancer risk associated with prenatal PAH exposure. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B44.
The Lubbock Infection Surveillance Study was conducted between June 1980 and October 1983 to dete... more The Lubbock Infection Surveillance Study was conducted between June 1980 and October 1983 to detect potential increases in enteric infection and disease incidence in a community surrounding a wastewater spray irrigation site. This report concerns the incidence of rotavirus ...
Copyright information: Taken from "Validation and Calibration of a Model Used to Reconstruct... more Copyright information: Taken from "Validation and Calibration of a Model Used to Reconstruct Historical Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Use in Epidemiologic Studies"Environmental Health Perspectives 2006;114(7):1053-1058.Published online 13 Mar 2006PMCID:PMC1513337.This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original DOI Study participants were drawn from the shaded area, which is 150-km in length and extends outward from New York City. The location of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency carbon monoxide monitor is also indicated.
The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has risen over the past several decades. Reasons for ... more The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has risen over the past several decades. Reasons for this increase are largely unexplained. In this population-based case-control study, we examined NHL risk and exposure to organochlorine compounds using concentrations in carpet dust as an exposure indicator. We identified NHL cases, uninfected with HIV, diagnosed between 1998 and 2000 among women and men ages 20-74 years in Iowa, Los Angeles County, and the Detroit and Seattle metropolitan areas. Controls were selected using random-digit-dialing or Medicare files. Organochlorine concentrations were measured in vacuum bag dust from 603 white cases and 443 white controls who had owned most of their carpets for at least 5 years. NHL risk was elevated if any of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (PCBs 105, 138, 153, 170, or 180) was detected (odds ratio = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-2.0). Risk was elevated in the top tertile of PCB 180 (1.7; 1.1-2.6) and in the top 2 tertiles of total PCBs (middle tertile, 1.6 [1.1-2.4]; top tertile 1.5 [1.0-2.2]). There was a positive trend in risk with increasing PCB 180 levels (P trend = 0.03). NHL risk was elevated if dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) was detected (1.3; 1.0-1.7), but only among men. A positive, but not monotonic, dose-response relationship was observed for DDE (P trend = 0.02). Our findings suggest an increased risk of NHL associated with exposure to PCBs, with evidence of greater effects for PCB 180. There is also some evidence of an association with DDE.
Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation, 1988
The Lubbock Infection Surveillance Study (LISS) investigated possible adverse effects on human he... more The Lubbock Infection Surveillance Study (LISS) investigated possible adverse effects on human health from slow-rate land application of municipal wastewater. Extensive air sampling was conducted to characterize the irrigation site as a source of infectious microbial aerosols. Spray irrigation of poor-quality waste water received directly from the treatment plant significantly elevated air densities of fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, mycobacteria, and coliphage above ambient background levels for at least 200 m downwind. Enteroviruses were repeatedly recovered at 44 to 60 m downwind at a higher level (geometric mean = 0.05 pfu/m3) than observed at other waste water aerosol sites in the U.S. and in Israel. Waste water storage in reservoirs reduced downwind air densities of indicator organisms by two orders of magnitude.
B44 The fetus is more susceptible than the adult to the effects of certain carcinogens, such as p... more B44 The fetus is more susceptible than the adult to the effects of certain carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Nutritional factors, including antioxidants, have been shown to have a protective effect on carcinogen-DNA adducts and cancer risk in adults. We investigated whether the effect of prenatal airborne PAH exposure, measured by personal air monitoring during pregnancy, on the level of PAH-DNA adducts in a baby’s cord blood is modified by the concentration of micronutrients in maternal and cord blood. The micronutrients examined were: retinol (vitamin A), α- and γ-tocopherol (vitamin E), and carotenoids. Using multiple linear regression, we found a significant interaction between prenatal PAH exposure and cord blood concentration of α-tocopherol and carotenoids in predicting the concentration of PAH adducts in cord blood. The association between PAH exposure and PAH adducts was much stronger among those with low α-tocopherol (β=0.15, P-value=0.001) and among those with low carotenoids (β=0.16, P-value=0.000) compared to the babies with high levels of these micronutrients (among those with high α-tocopherol: β=0.05, P-value=0.165; among those with high carotenoids: β=0.06, P-value=0.111). These results suggest a protective effect of micronutrients on the DNA damage and potential cancer risk associated with prenatal PAH exposure. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B44.
The Lubbock Infection Surveillance Study was conducted between June 1980 and October 1983 to dete... more The Lubbock Infection Surveillance Study was conducted between June 1980 and October 1983 to detect potential increases in enteric infection and disease incidence in a community surrounding a wastewater spray irrigation site. This report concerns the incidence of rotavirus ...
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