Im Rahmen der Forschungen zum bronzezeitlichen Schlachtfeld im Tollensetal (Mecklenburg-Vorpommer... more Im Rahmen der Forschungen zum bronzezeitlichen Schlachtfeld im Tollensetal (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 13. Jh. v.u.Z.) wurden bislang Uberreste von mehr als 130 jungen Mannern entdeckt, die perimortale wie auch verheilte Verletzungen zeigen. Dazu kommen Waffenfunde der selben Zeitphase, hauptsachlich Pfeilspitzen aus Flint und Bronze sowie holzerne Keulen. Das Fundmaterial stammt von diversen Fundplatzen entlang eines mehr als 2,5 km langen Flussabschnitts. Die Fundplatze Weltzin 13 und Kessin 12 markieren den Beginn dieser Ausdehnung am westlichen bzw. ostlichen Flussufer mit dem Auftreten erster menschlicher Skelettreste des Schlachtfeldhorizonts, teils auch mit Verletzungen, sowie Waffenfunden. Zugleich stellt dieser Talabschnitt aufgrund seiner topographischen Situation eine gunstige Moglichkeit zur Querung des Flusstales dar. Fundmaterial vom Neolithikum bis zum Mittelalter aus diesem Bereich unterstreicht die Bedeutung dieses wohl uber Jahrtausende zur Querung genutzten Flusstala...
The Tollense Valley extended site (northeast Germany) is the only known battlefield from the Euro... more The Tollense Valley extended site (northeast Germany) is the only known battlefield from the European Bronze Age. It has yielded a large number of human remains showing traces of violence, along with animal remains and weapons. The chapter discusses the results of new, interdisciplinary research focusing in particular on the penetrating injuries, which have yielded some of the most important information for reconstructing the Tollense Valley conflict scenario. This chapter aims to demonstrate how specific questions regarding the characteristic features of the injuries, the possible type of weapon, and the direction of the attack can be answered by using non-destructive high-resolution imaging and 3D reconstruction combined with experimental weapon testing. While experimental weapon testing is crucial for providing information concerning the injury patterns and weapon types, it may not offer any clues as to whether the injury originates from a stab or a shot. In order to address this problem, this chapter discusses a method enabling the secure identification of the weapon used in such ambiguous cases. This research allows discrimination between arrow and spearheads and thus between ranged and handheld weapons. This is especially important for the interpretation of the Tollense Valley conflict scenario, for which this study confirms that nonstandardized weapons were utilized on the battlefield.
Lactase persistence (LP), the continued expression of lactase into adulthood, is the most strongl... more Lactase persistence (LP), the continued expression of lactase into adulthood, is the most strongly selected single gene trait over the last 10,000 years in multiple human populations. It has been posited that the primary allele causing LP among Eurasians, rs4988235*T (Enattah et al. 2008), only rose to appreciable frequencies during the Bronze and Iron Ages (Mathieson et al 2015; Olalde et al. 2018), long after humans started consuming milk from domesticated animals. This rapid rise has been attributed to an influx of peoples from the Pontic-Caspian steppe that began around 5,000 years ago (Allentoft et al. 2015; Furholt et al. 2016). We investigate the spatiotemporal spread of LP through an analysis of 14 warriors from the Tollense Bronze Age battlefield in northern Germany (~3,200 BP); the oldest large-scale conflict site north of the Alps. Genetic data indicate that these individuals represent a single unstructured Central/Northern European population. We complemented these data ...
... Preise jeweils inklusive MwSt. Detlef Jantzen. Quellen zur Metallverarbeitung im Nordischen K... more ... Preise jeweils inklusive MwSt. Detlef Jantzen. Quellen zur Metallverarbeitung im Nordischen Kreis der Bronzezeit Mit einem Beitrag von Josef Riederer ... Ugo Martorelli. Redeat verum Studi sulla tecnica poetica dell' Alethia di Mario Claudio Vittorio Palingenesia Band 93. 2008. ...
The Tollense Valley extended site (northeast Germany) is the only known battlefield from the Euro... more The Tollense Valley extended site (northeast Germany) is the only known battlefield from the European Bronze Age. It has yielded a large number of human remains showing traces of violence, along with animal remains and weapons. The chapter discusses the results of new, interdisciplinary research focusing in particular on the penetrating injuries, which have yielded some of the most important information for reconstructing the Tollense Valley conflict scenario. This chapter aims to demonstrate how specific questions regarding the characteristic features of the injuries, the possible type of weapon, and the direction of the attack can be answered by using non-destructive high-resolution imaging and 3D reconstruction combined with experimental weapon testing. While experimental weapon testing is crucial for providing information concerning the injury patterns and weapon types, it may not offer any clues as to whether the injury originates from a stab or a shot. In order to address this...
Although the Bronze Age is best known for its remarkable metal weapons, there is little evidence ... more Although the Bronze Age is best known for its remarkable metal weapons, there is little evidence of conflict. Traumatic wounds in human skeletal remains are rare, and there have been few recognized scenes of warfare such as those known from later periods. Recent discoveries, however, have revealed evidence of a major battle in a small valley in the northeast of Germany, some 3250 years ago. Both military equipment and human and animal remains have been encountered in surveys and excavations along almost 3 km of the Tollense Valley. More than 130 human individuals have been recovered in the investigations, for the most, part young men between 20 and 40 years of age. In addition, horse bones have been found among the human remains in the riverbed and banks. This study reports on the isotopic proveniencing of the excavated remains utilizing strontium, lead, oxygen, and carbon isotopes to learn about place of origin and past diet. Two major groups can be distinguished in the isotope data, along with evidence for different homelands for some of the individuals who died in the Tollense Valley.
Im Rahmen der Forschungen zum bronzezeitlichen Schlachtfeld im Tollensetal (Mecklenburg-Vorpommer... more Im Rahmen der Forschungen zum bronzezeitlichen Schlachtfeld im Tollensetal (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 13. Jh. v.u.Z.) wurden bislang Uberreste von mehr als 130 jungen Mannern entdeckt, die perimortale wie auch verheilte Verletzungen zeigen. Dazu kommen Waffenfunde der selben Zeitphase, hauptsachlich Pfeilspitzen aus Flint und Bronze sowie holzerne Keulen. Das Fundmaterial stammt von diversen Fundplatzen entlang eines mehr als 2,5 km langen Flussabschnitts. Die Fundplatze Weltzin 13 und Kessin 12 markieren den Beginn dieser Ausdehnung am westlichen bzw. ostlichen Flussufer mit dem Auftreten erster menschlicher Skelettreste des Schlachtfeldhorizonts, teils auch mit Verletzungen, sowie Waffenfunden. Zugleich stellt dieser Talabschnitt aufgrund seiner topographischen Situation eine gunstige Moglichkeit zur Querung des Flusstales dar. Fundmaterial vom Neolithikum bis zum Mittelalter aus diesem Bereich unterstreicht die Bedeutung dieses wohl uber Jahrtausende zur Querung genutzten Flusstala...
The Tollense Valley extended site (northeast Germany) is the only known battlefield from the Euro... more The Tollense Valley extended site (northeast Germany) is the only known battlefield from the European Bronze Age. It has yielded a large number of human remains showing traces of violence, along with animal remains and weapons. The chapter discusses the results of new, interdisciplinary research focusing in particular on the penetrating injuries, which have yielded some of the most important information for reconstructing the Tollense Valley conflict scenario. This chapter aims to demonstrate how specific questions regarding the characteristic features of the injuries, the possible type of weapon, and the direction of the attack can be answered by using non-destructive high-resolution imaging and 3D reconstruction combined with experimental weapon testing. While experimental weapon testing is crucial for providing information concerning the injury patterns and weapon types, it may not offer any clues as to whether the injury originates from a stab or a shot. In order to address this problem, this chapter discusses a method enabling the secure identification of the weapon used in such ambiguous cases. This research allows discrimination between arrow and spearheads and thus between ranged and handheld weapons. This is especially important for the interpretation of the Tollense Valley conflict scenario, for which this study confirms that nonstandardized weapons were utilized on the battlefield.
Lactase persistence (LP), the continued expression of lactase into adulthood, is the most strongl... more Lactase persistence (LP), the continued expression of lactase into adulthood, is the most strongly selected single gene trait over the last 10,000 years in multiple human populations. It has been posited that the primary allele causing LP among Eurasians, rs4988235*T (Enattah et al. 2008), only rose to appreciable frequencies during the Bronze and Iron Ages (Mathieson et al 2015; Olalde et al. 2018), long after humans started consuming milk from domesticated animals. This rapid rise has been attributed to an influx of peoples from the Pontic-Caspian steppe that began around 5,000 years ago (Allentoft et al. 2015; Furholt et al. 2016). We investigate the spatiotemporal spread of LP through an analysis of 14 warriors from the Tollense Bronze Age battlefield in northern Germany (~3,200 BP); the oldest large-scale conflict site north of the Alps. Genetic data indicate that these individuals represent a single unstructured Central/Northern European population. We complemented these data ...
... Preise jeweils inklusive MwSt. Detlef Jantzen. Quellen zur Metallverarbeitung im Nordischen K... more ... Preise jeweils inklusive MwSt. Detlef Jantzen. Quellen zur Metallverarbeitung im Nordischen Kreis der Bronzezeit Mit einem Beitrag von Josef Riederer ... Ugo Martorelli. Redeat verum Studi sulla tecnica poetica dell' Alethia di Mario Claudio Vittorio Palingenesia Band 93. 2008. ...
The Tollense Valley extended site (northeast Germany) is the only known battlefield from the Euro... more The Tollense Valley extended site (northeast Germany) is the only known battlefield from the European Bronze Age. It has yielded a large number of human remains showing traces of violence, along with animal remains and weapons. The chapter discusses the results of new, interdisciplinary research focusing in particular on the penetrating injuries, which have yielded some of the most important information for reconstructing the Tollense Valley conflict scenario. This chapter aims to demonstrate how specific questions regarding the characteristic features of the injuries, the possible type of weapon, and the direction of the attack can be answered by using non-destructive high-resolution imaging and 3D reconstruction combined with experimental weapon testing. While experimental weapon testing is crucial for providing information concerning the injury patterns and weapon types, it may not offer any clues as to whether the injury originates from a stab or a shot. In order to address this...
Although the Bronze Age is best known for its remarkable metal weapons, there is little evidence ... more Although the Bronze Age is best known for its remarkable metal weapons, there is little evidence of conflict. Traumatic wounds in human skeletal remains are rare, and there have been few recognized scenes of warfare such as those known from later periods. Recent discoveries, however, have revealed evidence of a major battle in a small valley in the northeast of Germany, some 3250 years ago. Both military equipment and human and animal remains have been encountered in surveys and excavations along almost 3 km of the Tollense Valley. More than 130 human individuals have been recovered in the investigations, for the most, part young men between 20 and 40 years of age. In addition, horse bones have been found among the human remains in the riverbed and banks. This study reports on the isotopic proveniencing of the excavated remains utilizing strontium, lead, oxygen, and carbon isotopes to learn about place of origin and past diet. Two major groups can be distinguished in the isotope data, along with evidence for different homelands for some of the individuals who died in the Tollense Valley.
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