Absolute diffusion rates of KMnO4 in vertical and flattened diffusimeters show the concentration ... more Absolute diffusion rates of KMnO4 in vertical and flattened diffusimeters show the concentration gradient force as being stronger than the gravitational force. Hot water molecules move downward on self-diffusion against buoyancy. Diffusive convection (DC) in warm water and double-diffusive convection (DDC) in warm, saline water take place inside the diffusimeter with DDC transferring more heat than DC. In the diffusing medium the original reagents change or retain their compositions to give the diffusate molecules to diffuse. In water, the change is mostly hydration. The syngener BaCl2.2H2O separately with congeners 3CdSO4.8H2O, ZnSO4.7H2O, and ZnSO4.H2O presents two distinct pairs of overlapping concentration versus rate curves, first for having very close MWs of BaCl2 and CdSO4 and second for having ZnSO4.H2O as the common congener for both the zinc sulfates. Chlorides of Li, Na, and K diffusing at hindered rates in glucose solution show the least rate for LiCl inevitably on groun...
Macrophages (Mφ) play a central role in coordinating host response to pathogens, cellular injury,... more Macrophages (Mφ) play a central role in coordinating host response to pathogens, cellular injury, and environmental stimuli. Herein, we report multidimensional, nuclear proteomic analyses of protein expression and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that control biological processes during Mφ activation. For this, Mφ were incubated with IFN-γ/LPS and IL-4, and their differentiation to proinflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2a, referred as M2 for simplicity throughtout the manuscript) phenotypes was confirmed by detection of CD64 and CD206 surface markers and TNF-α, arginase I, and iNOS-dependent nitrite levels. We used a sequential method of organellar enrichment and labeling of nuclear fractions with BODIPY FL-maleimide fluorescence dye followed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) to capture quantitative changes in abundance and S-nitrosylated (SNO) proteome signatures. Exact same gels were then labeled with Pro-Q Diamond to detect protein phosphorylation. MALDI-TOF/T...
Behaviors of Pd structures with different thicknesses supported by Ta 2 O 5 /Ta in the reaction w... more Behaviors of Pd structures with different thicknesses supported by Ta 2 O 5 /Ta in the reaction with oxygen and CO were studied by XPS and SEM. For the samples with a Pd thickness of 3 nm, a new low-binding-energy component appeared in the Pd 3d level upon O 2 ...
In this study, we have utilized wild-type (WT), ASC-/-, and NLRP3-/- macrophages and inhibition a... more In this study, we have utilized wild-type (WT), ASC-/-, and NLRP3-/- macrophages and inhibition approaches to investigate the mechanisms of inflammasome activation and their role in Trypanosoma cruzi infection. We also probed human macrophages and analyzed published microarray datasets from human fibroblasts, and endothelial and smooth muscle cells for T. cruzi-induced changes in the expression genes included in the RT Profiler Human Inflammasome arrays. T. cruzi infection elicited a subdued and delayed activation of inflammasome-related gene expression and IL-1β production in mφs in comparison to LPS-treated controls. When WT and ASC-/- macrophages were treated with inhibitors of caspase-1, IL-1β, or NADPH oxidase, we found that IL-1β production by caspase-1/ASC inflammasome required reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a secondary signal. Moreover, IL-1β regulated NF-κB signaling of inflammatory cytokine gene expression and, subsequently, intracellular parasite replication in macropha...
Absolute diffusion rates of KMnO4 in vertical and flattened diffusimeters show the concentration ... more Absolute diffusion rates of KMnO4 in vertical and flattened diffusimeters show the concentration gradient force as being stronger than the gravitational force. Hot water molecules move downward on self-diffusion against buoyancy. Diffusive convection (DC) in warm water and double-diffusive convection (DDC) in warm, saline water take place inside the diffusimeter with DDC transferring more heat than DC. In the diffusing medium the original reagents change or retain their compositions to give the diffusate molecules to diffuse. In water, the change is mostly hydration. The syngener BaCl2.2H2O separately with congeners 3CdSO4.8H2O, ZnSO4.7H2O, and ZnSO4.H2O presents two distinct pairs of overlapping concentration versus rate curves, first for having very close MWs of BaCl2 and CdSO4 and second for having ZnSO4.H2O as the common congener for both the zinc sulfates. Chlorides of Li, Na, and K diffusing at hindered rates in glucose solution show the least rate for LiCl inevitably on groun...
Macrophages (Mφ) play a central role in coordinating host response to pathogens, cellular injury,... more Macrophages (Mφ) play a central role in coordinating host response to pathogens, cellular injury, and environmental stimuli. Herein, we report multidimensional, nuclear proteomic analyses of protein expression and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that control biological processes during Mφ activation. For this, Mφ were incubated with IFN-γ/LPS and IL-4, and their differentiation to proinflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2a, referred as M2 for simplicity throughtout the manuscript) phenotypes was confirmed by detection of CD64 and CD206 surface markers and TNF-α, arginase I, and iNOS-dependent nitrite levels. We used a sequential method of organellar enrichment and labeling of nuclear fractions with BODIPY FL-maleimide fluorescence dye followed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) to capture quantitative changes in abundance and S-nitrosylated (SNO) proteome signatures. Exact same gels were then labeled with Pro-Q Diamond to detect protein phosphorylation. MALDI-TOF/T...
Behaviors of Pd structures with different thicknesses supported by Ta 2 O 5 /Ta in the reaction w... more Behaviors of Pd structures with different thicknesses supported by Ta 2 O 5 /Ta in the reaction with oxygen and CO were studied by XPS and SEM. For the samples with a Pd thickness of 3 nm, a new low-binding-energy component appeared in the Pd 3d level upon O 2 ...
In this study, we have utilized wild-type (WT), ASC-/-, and NLRP3-/- macrophages and inhibition a... more In this study, we have utilized wild-type (WT), ASC-/-, and NLRP3-/- macrophages and inhibition approaches to investigate the mechanisms of inflammasome activation and their role in Trypanosoma cruzi infection. We also probed human macrophages and analyzed published microarray datasets from human fibroblasts, and endothelial and smooth muscle cells for T. cruzi-induced changes in the expression genes included in the RT Profiler Human Inflammasome arrays. T. cruzi infection elicited a subdued and delayed activation of inflammasome-related gene expression and IL-1β production in mφs in comparison to LPS-treated controls. When WT and ASC-/- macrophages were treated with inhibitors of caspase-1, IL-1β, or NADPH oxidase, we found that IL-1β production by caspase-1/ASC inflammasome required reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a secondary signal. Moreover, IL-1β regulated NF-κB signaling of inflammatory cytokine gene expression and, subsequently, intracellular parasite replication in macropha...
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Papers by Nilay Dey