The susceptibility of three phenotypes of Village chickens to Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) (Hert... more The susceptibility of three phenotypes of Village chickens to Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) (Hertz 33/56 strain) was investigated at Modibbo Adama University poultry farm, Yola. Forty five (45) village chickens, made up of fifteen (15) each of Frizzle, Naked neck and Smooth feathered types were infected with NDV (Hertz 33/56 strain) through intraocular and intranasal routes and subsequently bled on day 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28 post infection. A morbidity rate of 100% and mortality rates of 58.3%, 41.7% and 75% for the frizzle, naked neck and smooth feathered types was observed respectively. The mean antibody titre of all the phenotypes before the infection was zero and naked neck started developing protective antibodies on day 7 post infection (PI). All the phenotypes, with the exception of the naked necks in the intraocular group, exhibited highest Geometric mean titre (GMT) of NDV HI antibodies on day 28 PI through both routes. The GMT in the control group remained low throughout the ex...
Expanded program on immunization is one of the strategic universally accepted methods for the con... more Expanded program on immunization is one of the strategic universally accepted methods for the control of childhood diseases which include poliomyelitis. In Nigeria both monovalent and trivalent oral polio vaccines are routinely used. Thermal stability was determined using 16 vials obtained from different storage facilities, had titres which ranged from log 10 6.5 to 8.4. These values still fell within the normal limits recommended by WHO as minimum accepted values (P1= log 10 6.0, P2=5.0 and P3= 5.8). It was observed that the storage facilities in all the three tier of vaccination centres had adequate power supply ranging from solar refrigerators, standby generators and the National Electricity supply. Also, polio vaccine vials have vaccine vial monitor (VVM) device which usually indicate change in color when cold-chain is not maintained. This necessitated the change of vaccine carrier when the need arose during the house to house immunization exercise. Adequate potency obtained in ...
... Blood samples were collected from every fifth camel slaughtered weekly in Maiduguri Municipal... more ... Blood samples were collected from every fifth camel slaughtered weekly in Maiduguri Municipal abattoir, Borno State, Nigeria. ... Renukaradhya, GJ, S. Mitra-Kaushik, G. Sinnathamby, M. Rajasekhar, M S. Shaila (2002): Mapping of B-cell epitopes of haemagglutinin proteins of ...
The anti-neuraminidase activity of different dilutions of methanolic soluble fraction of Ganoderm... more The anti-neuraminidase activity of different dilutions of methanolic soluble fraction of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) extract was tested against avian influenza virus (H5N2 strain) using chicken red blood cell (RBC). The endpoint titre of anti-neuraminidase activity of the methanolic fraction of GL was determined by observing the wells that do not elute after long incubation (≥ 1 hour) at room temperature or overnight at 4 o C. Elusion inhibitory activities of the extract were observed at viral dilutions of up to 1:32 compared to control. The methanolic soluble fraction of GL extract has anti-neuraminidase activity by inhibition of elusion, and may be a potential agent against avian flu.
The effects of viral vaccines, climate and other factors on the population of scavenging village ... more The effects of viral vaccines, climate and other factors on the population of scavenging village chicken was carried out in four village units (designated A, B, C and D) in the North-Eastern Nigeria between the months of October, 1999 and February, 2000. Newcastle disease (ND), infectious bursal disease (IBD) and a combined ND and IBD vaccines were administered to birds in the villages A, B and C respectively, while the birds in village D served as the unvaccinated control. A gradual insignificant (P> 0.05) decline in the chicken population was observed over the study period within each village unit. However, marked decrease in population was observed in the control village D, indicating that the use of ND and/or IBD vaccines significantly reduced the losses in the flock of chickens in the vaccinated village units. In addition, the effects of the two vaccines on chicken population were comparable. A considerable decrease in the population of birds in all villages (significant at ...
The susceptibility of three phenotypes of Village chickens to Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) (Hert... more The susceptibility of three phenotypes of Village chickens to Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) (Hertz 33/56 strain) was investigated at Modibbo Adama University poultry farm, Yola. Forty five (45) village chickens, made up of fifteen (15) each of Frizzle, Naked neck and Smooth feathered types were infected with NDV (Hertz 33/56 strain) through intraocular and intranasal routes and subsequently bled on day 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28 post infection. A morbidity rate of 100% and mortality rates of 58.3%, 41.7% and 75% for the frizzle, naked neck and smooth feathered types was observed respectively. The mean antibody titre of all the phenotypes before the infection was zero and naked neck started developing protective antibodies on day 7 post infection (PI). All the phenotypes, with the exception of the naked necks in the intraocular group, exhibited highest Geometric mean titre (GMT) of NDV HI antibodies on day 28 PI through both routes. The GMT in the control group remained low throughout the ex...
Expanded program on immunization is one of the strategic universally accepted methods for the con... more Expanded program on immunization is one of the strategic universally accepted methods for the control of childhood diseases which include poliomyelitis. In Nigeria both monovalent and trivalent oral polio vaccines are routinely used. Thermal stability was determined using 16 vials obtained from different storage facilities, had titres which ranged from log 10 6.5 to 8.4. These values still fell within the normal limits recommended by WHO as minimum accepted values (P1= log 10 6.0, P2=5.0 and P3= 5.8). It was observed that the storage facilities in all the three tier of vaccination centres had adequate power supply ranging from solar refrigerators, standby generators and the National Electricity supply. Also, polio vaccine vials have vaccine vial monitor (VVM) device which usually indicate change in color when cold-chain is not maintained. This necessitated the change of vaccine carrier when the need arose during the house to house immunization exercise. Adequate potency obtained in ...
... Blood samples were collected from every fifth camel slaughtered weekly in Maiduguri Municipal... more ... Blood samples were collected from every fifth camel slaughtered weekly in Maiduguri Municipal abattoir, Borno State, Nigeria. ... Renukaradhya, GJ, S. Mitra-Kaushik, G. Sinnathamby, M. Rajasekhar, M S. Shaila (2002): Mapping of B-cell epitopes of haemagglutinin proteins of ...
The anti-neuraminidase activity of different dilutions of methanolic soluble fraction of Ganoderm... more The anti-neuraminidase activity of different dilutions of methanolic soluble fraction of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) extract was tested against avian influenza virus (H5N2 strain) using chicken red blood cell (RBC). The endpoint titre of anti-neuraminidase activity of the methanolic fraction of GL was determined by observing the wells that do not elute after long incubation (≥ 1 hour) at room temperature or overnight at 4 o C. Elusion inhibitory activities of the extract were observed at viral dilutions of up to 1:32 compared to control. The methanolic soluble fraction of GL extract has anti-neuraminidase activity by inhibition of elusion, and may be a potential agent against avian flu.
The effects of viral vaccines, climate and other factors on the population of scavenging village ... more The effects of viral vaccines, climate and other factors on the population of scavenging village chicken was carried out in four village units (designated A, B, C and D) in the North-Eastern Nigeria between the months of October, 1999 and February, 2000. Newcastle disease (ND), infectious bursal disease (IBD) and a combined ND and IBD vaccines were administered to birds in the villages A, B and C respectively, while the birds in village D served as the unvaccinated control. A gradual insignificant (P> 0.05) decline in the chicken population was observed over the study period within each village unit. However, marked decrease in population was observed in the control village D, indicating that the use of ND and/or IBD vaccines significantly reduced the losses in the flock of chickens in the vaccinated village units. In addition, the effects of the two vaccines on chicken population were comparable. A considerable decrease in the population of birds in all villages (significant at ...
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