Back ground: Globally, an estimated 2.3 million children are living with HIV/AIDS, and 2.1 millio... more Back ground: Globally, an estimated 2.3 million children are living with HIV/AIDS, and 2.1 million of these children are in sub-Saharan Africa at the end of 2005. At the end of 2005, 700,000 new infection and 570,000 new deaths occur in children < 15 years of age. MTCT accounts for more than 90% of HIV in children. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) is a commonly used term for programs and interventions designed to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT). HIV testing and counselling services need to be made available to all women of childbearing age because PMTCT interventions depend upon a woman knowing her HIV status. Objective: To assess prevalence and determinants of acceptance of HIV testing among pregnant mothers at antenatal care settings of selected health centers in Addis Ababa. Methods: Institution based quantitative case-control study was conducted in selected 10 health centers in Addis Ababa on 88 cases and 176 controls using a pr...
Ethiopian government has implemented Education for All to improve the human capacity status of th... more Ethiopian government has implemented Education for All to improve the human capacity status of the citizen in order to have skilled man power. One of the area to produce skilled manpower is primary, secondary and preparatory Schools under the coordination and supervising of Woreda Education Office. The main focus of the study was to undertake how service delivery Practices implement in Angolelaena Tera Woreda Educational Office for their internal customers. As to the research methodology, descriptive method was used. Purposive based on geographical location to select sample school. Five (5) primary schools, two (2) secondary schools and one (1) preparatory school were purposively selected from the Woreda. From these schools a total of 130 teachers were randomly chosen. Purposive sampling was utilized to select Woreda Office Administrators. Observations and interview were applied to obtain first-hand information. Furthermore, the data were collected through closed and open ended ques...
The UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of "le... more The UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of "leaving no one behind". Understanding today's gains and gaps for the health-related SDGs is essential for decision makers as they aim to improve the health of populations. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016), we measured 37 of the 50 health-related SDG indicators over the period 1990-2016 for 188 countries, and then on the basis of these past trends, we projected indicators to 2030. We used standardised GBD 2016 methods to measure 37 health-related indicators from 1990 to 2016, an increase of four indicators since GBD 2015. We substantially revised the universal health coverage (UHC) measure, which focuses on coverage of essential health services, to also represent personal health-care access and quality for several non-communicable diseases. We transformed each indicator on a scale of 0-100, with 0 as the 2·5th percentile est...
Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a cruc... more Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a crucial input that enables health systems to target interventions to specific populations. Understanding how all-cause mortality has changed with respect to development status can identify exemplars for best practice. To accomplish this, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) estimated age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality between 1970 and 2016 for 195 countries and territories and at the subnational level for the five countries with a population greater than 200 million in 2016. We have evaluated how well civil registration systems captured deaths using a set of demographic methods called death distribution methods for adults and from consideration of survey and census data for children younger than 5 years. We generated an overall assessment of completeness of registration of deaths by dividing registered deaths in each location-year by ...
Abstract The rapid increase in human population has increased the groundwater resources demand fo... more Abstract The rapid increase in human population has increased the groundwater resources demand for drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes. The main purpose of this study is to produce groundwater potential map (GPM) using weights-of-evidence (WOE) and evidential belief function (EBF) models based on geographic information system in the Azna Plain, Lorestan Province, Iran. A total number of 370 groundwater wells with discharge more than 10 m3s−1were considered and out of them, 256 (70%) were randomly selected for training purpose, while the remaining114 (30%) were used for validating the model. In next step, the effective factors on the groundwater potential such as altitude, slope aspect, slope angle, curvature, distance from rivers, drainage density, topographic wetness index, fault distance, fault density, lithology and land use were derived from the spatial geodatabases. Subsequently, the GPM was produced using WOE and EBF models. Finally, the validation of the GPMs was carried out using areas under the ROC curve (AUC). Results showed that the GPM prepared using WOE model has the success rate of 73.62%. Similarly, the AUC plot showed 76.21% prediction accuracy for the EBF model which means both the models performed fairly good predication accuracy. The GPMs are useful sources for planners and engineers in water resource management, land use planning and hazard mitigation purpose.
Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and year... more Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. Estimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally...
Abstract Lippia adoensis and Olinia rochetiana are traditionally used in the form of topical appl... more Abstract Lippia adoensis and Olinia rochetiana are traditionally used in the form of topical applications for the treatment of various skin disorders in Ethiopia. In view of their traditional uses and proven antimicrobial activities, the crude extracts of the two botanicals were ...
Abstract: We calculate the time of alignment of the magnetic dipole moment with the axis of rotat... more Abstract: We calculate the time of alignment of the magnetic dipole moment with the axis of rotation. For alignment we take into acount the electromagnetic torque acting on the magnetic dipole moment, the frictional torque between the crust and the core and ...
A study was conducted in the Ethio-Swedish Children's Hospital and different schools and kin... more A study was conducted in the Ethio-Swedish Children's Hospital and different schools and kindergartens in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of bacterial agents that are associated with acute respiratory infection in children. A total of 883 subjects were studied during ...
Back ground: Globally, an estimated 2.3 million children are living with HIV/AIDS, and 2.1 millio... more Back ground: Globally, an estimated 2.3 million children are living with HIV/AIDS, and 2.1 million of these children are in sub-Saharan Africa at the end of 2005. At the end of 2005, 700,000 new infection and 570,000 new deaths occur in children < 15 years of age. MTCT accounts for more than 90% of HIV in children. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) is a commonly used term for programs and interventions designed to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT). HIV testing and counselling services need to be made available to all women of childbearing age because PMTCT interventions depend upon a woman knowing her HIV status. Objective: To assess prevalence and determinants of acceptance of HIV testing among pregnant mothers at antenatal care settings of selected health centers in Addis Ababa. Methods: Institution based quantitative case-control study was conducted in selected 10 health centers in Addis Ababa on 88 cases and 176 controls using a pr...
Ethiopian government has implemented Education for All to improve the human capacity status of th... more Ethiopian government has implemented Education for All to improve the human capacity status of the citizen in order to have skilled man power. One of the area to produce skilled manpower is primary, secondary and preparatory Schools under the coordination and supervising of Woreda Education Office. The main focus of the study was to undertake how service delivery Practices implement in Angolelaena Tera Woreda Educational Office for their internal customers. As to the research methodology, descriptive method was used. Purposive based on geographical location to select sample school. Five (5) primary schools, two (2) secondary schools and one (1) preparatory school were purposively selected from the Woreda. From these schools a total of 130 teachers were randomly chosen. Purposive sampling was utilized to select Woreda Office Administrators. Observations and interview were applied to obtain first-hand information. Furthermore, the data were collected through closed and open ended ques...
The UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of "le... more The UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of "leaving no one behind". Understanding today's gains and gaps for the health-related SDGs is essential for decision makers as they aim to improve the health of populations. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016), we measured 37 of the 50 health-related SDG indicators over the period 1990-2016 for 188 countries, and then on the basis of these past trends, we projected indicators to 2030. We used standardised GBD 2016 methods to measure 37 health-related indicators from 1990 to 2016, an increase of four indicators since GBD 2015. We substantially revised the universal health coverage (UHC) measure, which focuses on coverage of essential health services, to also represent personal health-care access and quality for several non-communicable diseases. We transformed each indicator on a scale of 0-100, with 0 as the 2·5th percentile est...
Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a cruc... more Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a crucial input that enables health systems to target interventions to specific populations. Understanding how all-cause mortality has changed with respect to development status can identify exemplars for best practice. To accomplish this, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) estimated age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality between 1970 and 2016 for 195 countries and territories and at the subnational level for the five countries with a population greater than 200 million in 2016. We have evaluated how well civil registration systems captured deaths using a set of demographic methods called death distribution methods for adults and from consideration of survey and census data for children younger than 5 years. We generated an overall assessment of completeness of registration of deaths by dividing registered deaths in each location-year by ...
Abstract The rapid increase in human population has increased the groundwater resources demand fo... more Abstract The rapid increase in human population has increased the groundwater resources demand for drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes. The main purpose of this study is to produce groundwater potential map (GPM) using weights-of-evidence (WOE) and evidential belief function (EBF) models based on geographic information system in the Azna Plain, Lorestan Province, Iran. A total number of 370 groundwater wells with discharge more than 10 m3s−1were considered and out of them, 256 (70%) were randomly selected for training purpose, while the remaining114 (30%) were used for validating the model. In next step, the effective factors on the groundwater potential such as altitude, slope aspect, slope angle, curvature, distance from rivers, drainage density, topographic wetness index, fault distance, fault density, lithology and land use were derived from the spatial geodatabases. Subsequently, the GPM was produced using WOE and EBF models. Finally, the validation of the GPMs was carried out using areas under the ROC curve (AUC). Results showed that the GPM prepared using WOE model has the success rate of 73.62%. Similarly, the AUC plot showed 76.21% prediction accuracy for the EBF model which means both the models performed fairly good predication accuracy. The GPMs are useful sources for planners and engineers in water resource management, land use planning and hazard mitigation purpose.
Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and year... more Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. Estimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally...
Abstract Lippia adoensis and Olinia rochetiana are traditionally used in the form of topical appl... more Abstract Lippia adoensis and Olinia rochetiana are traditionally used in the form of topical applications for the treatment of various skin disorders in Ethiopia. In view of their traditional uses and proven antimicrobial activities, the crude extracts of the two botanicals were ...
Abstract: We calculate the time of alignment of the magnetic dipole moment with the axis of rotat... more Abstract: We calculate the time of alignment of the magnetic dipole moment with the axis of rotation. For alignment we take into acount the electromagnetic torque acting on the magnetic dipole moment, the frictional torque between the crust and the core and ...
A study was conducted in the Ethio-Swedish Children's Hospital and different schools and kin... more A study was conducted in the Ethio-Swedish Children's Hospital and different schools and kindergartens in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of bacterial agents that are associated with acute respiratory infection in children. A total of 883 subjects were studied during ...
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