Potensi konflik dalam masyarakat hetereogen bukan hanya terjadi antar agama saja, tetapi juga dal... more Potensi konflik dalam masyarakat hetereogen bukan hanya terjadi antar agama saja, tetapi juga dalam hubungan intra agama, yakni antar kelompok seagama yang berbeda penafsiran ajaran. Antara Muslim-sinkretik - yang mempertahankan adat leluhur disamping Islam - berhadapan dengan kelompok Muslim yang lebih puritan. Antara Islam arus utama yang dominan dan sekte sekte atau aliran Islam lainnya yang menemati kedudukan minoritas, seperti Syiah dan Ahmadiyah. Kemajemukan membelah dan menempatkan masyarakat dalam katagori mayoritas dan minoritas. Persekusi, diskriminasi, dan marginalisasi yang dialami Ahmadiyah dan Syiah di Indonesia, serta Rohingya di Myanmar memberi gambaran wajah minoritas Indonesia yang menyedihkan (sad picture). Gambaran ini bukanlah satu-satunya representasi wajah minoritas di Indonesia. Beberapa kelompok minoritas tertentu di Indonesia menempati posisi relatif menguntungkan. Mereka menikmati keminoritasannya dalam hubungan dengan mayoritas tanpa tekanan dan paksaan. ...
Indonesia faces specific problems in creating and maintaining national unity due to the heterogen... more Indonesia faces specific problems in creating and maintaining national unity due to the heterogeneity of its citizens. Identification with and primary loyalty to the nation has to be reconciled with different regional groupings which draw on language, custom, and religion to preserve their distinctiveness. Many of these complex patterns of identity may be called 'ethnic' and have the potential to divide the nation internally. The investigation of socio-religious and cultural plurality in such an ethnically rich nation as Indonesia challenges us to identify not only the essential factors responsible for maintaining cultural group identity, but also to show how this occurs within the broader achievement of national unity. The purpose of my study of the Muslim Balinese community in Pegayaman is to clarify issues involved in cultural heterogeneity In this case the socio-cultural diversity of Indonesia is manifest in Bali more in religious rather than in broader 'ethnic' category. This article generally depicts the way the Muslims of Pegayaman in Northern Bali have maintained a separate socio-religious and cultural identity amidst a majority of Hindu-Balinese. Although their livelihood is heavily surrounded by an environment where the socio religious norms of the majority of population are different to their own, they have succeeded in maintaining their separate cultural identity. This study will pay specific attention to the following areas: 1) the Muslims defense mechanism vis-à-vis external challenges to their collective integrity; and 2) the degree to which the Muslims interact with the Hindu population.
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage, 2015
This paper highlights specifically the inter-relationship amidst the Wali, ancient mosques and sa... more This paper highlights specifically the inter-relationship amidst the Wali, ancient mosques and sacred tombs (makam) playing vital role in the process of Islamization in the Indonesian archipelago, and in Lombok in particular. The process of converting local religion to Islam involves Wali - a venerated religious figure coming from outside Lombok- and the tangible legacies that he left in the forms of keramat creating new tradition of ziarah. The early stage of conversion was strongly marked by contextualizing Islam into local cultural symbol and cosmology. Embedded in this stage is the development of venerated attributes attached to keWalian, in the forms of: karamah, ngalap berkah, and wasilah. These spiritual attributes are pinpointed to highlight a dis¬tinctive cultural variance of Sasak Muslims in Lombok.
Potensi konflik dalam masyarakat hetereogen bukan hanya terjadi antar agama saja, tetapi juga dal... more Potensi konflik dalam masyarakat hetereogen bukan hanya terjadi antar agama saja, tetapi juga dalam hubungan intra agama, yakni antar kelompok seagama yang berbeda penafsiran ajaran. Antara Muslim-sinkretik - yang mempertahankan adat leluhur disamping Islam - berhadapan dengan kelompok Muslim yang lebih puritan. Antara Islam arus utama yang dominan dan sekte sekte atau aliran Islam lainnya yang menemati kedudukan minoritas, seperti Syiah dan Ahmadiyah. Kemajemukan membelah dan menempatkan masyarakat dalam katagori mayoritas dan minoritas. Persekusi, diskriminasi, dan marginalisasi yang dialami Ahmadiyah dan Syiah di Indonesia, serta Rohingya di Myanmar memberi gambaran wajah minoritas Indonesia yang menyedihkan (sad picture). Gambaran ini bukanlah satu-satunya representasi wajah minoritas di Indonesia. Beberapa kelompok minoritas tertentu di Indonesia menempati posisi relatif menguntungkan. Mereka menikmati keminoritasannya dalam hubungan dengan mayoritas tanpa tekanan dan paksaan. ...
Indonesia faces specific problems in creating and maintaining national unity due to the heterogen... more Indonesia faces specific problems in creating and maintaining national unity due to the heterogeneity of its citizens. Identification with and primary loyalty to the nation has to be reconciled with different regional groupings which draw on language, custom, and religion to preserve their distinctiveness. Many of these complex patterns of identity may be called 'ethnic' and have the potential to divide the nation internally. The investigation of socio-religious and cultural plurality in such an ethnically rich nation as Indonesia challenges us to identify not only the essential factors responsible for maintaining cultural group identity, but also to show how this occurs within the broader achievement of national unity. The purpose of my study of the Muslim Balinese community in Pegayaman is to clarify issues involved in cultural heterogeneity In this case the socio-cultural diversity of Indonesia is manifest in Bali more in religious rather than in broader 'ethnic' category. This article generally depicts the way the Muslims of Pegayaman in Northern Bali have maintained a separate socio-religious and cultural identity amidst a majority of Hindu-Balinese. Although their livelihood is heavily surrounded by an environment where the socio religious norms of the majority of population are different to their own, they have succeeded in maintaining their separate cultural identity. This study will pay specific attention to the following areas: 1) the Muslims defense mechanism vis-à-vis external challenges to their collective integrity; and 2) the degree to which the Muslims interact with the Hindu population.
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage, 2015
This paper highlights specifically the inter-relationship amidst the Wali, ancient mosques and sa... more This paper highlights specifically the inter-relationship amidst the Wali, ancient mosques and sacred tombs (makam) playing vital role in the process of Islamization in the Indonesian archipelago, and in Lombok in particular. The process of converting local religion to Islam involves Wali - a venerated religious figure coming from outside Lombok- and the tangible legacies that he left in the forms of keramat creating new tradition of ziarah. The early stage of conversion was strongly marked by contextualizing Islam into local cultural symbol and cosmology. Embedded in this stage is the development of venerated attributes attached to keWalian, in the forms of: karamah, ngalap berkah, and wasilah. These spiritual attributes are pinpointed to highlight a dis¬tinctive cultural variance of Sasak Muslims in Lombok.
“Religion, Ritual, and Contestation” investigates the varying expression of religious as well as ... more “Religion, Ritual, and Contestation” investigates the varying expression of religious as well as unique cultural practices of the Sasak Muslims living in Lombok known as the island of thousand mosques. The plurality of this islanders is obvious from multi-religious characteristics and complicated relations between different religions, and within the same religion but with different ideological understandings. Syncretic Muslims are encountered by puritan Muslims who are more fundamental, less tolerant, and attempting to convert their pre-Islamic belief to the purest version of Islam through dakwah. Followers of sectarian Islamic movements, falling into the category of religious minorities, are persecuted by the radical section of mainstream Sunnite Muslims for allegedly practising heresy. This book explores minority religious groups in relation to the dominant majority in an intra and inter-religious relationship. Certain minorities enjoy a relatively peaceful living coexistence with the majority, while some others undoubtedly experience prolonged conflict and hostility.
“Religion, Ritual, and Contestation” investigates the varying expression of religious as well as ... more “Religion, Ritual, and Contestation” investigates the varying expression of religious as well as unique cultural practices of the Sasak Muslims living in Lombok known as the island of thousand mosques. The plurality of this islanders is obvious from multi-religious characteristics and complicated relations between different religions, and within the same religion but with different ideological understandings. Syncretic Muslims are encountered by puritan Muslims who are more fundamental, less tolerant, and attempting to convert their pre-Islamic belief to the purest version of Islam through dakwah. Followers of sectarian Islamic movements, falling into the category of religious minorities, are persecuted by the radical section of mainstream Sunnite Muslims for allegedly practising heresy. This book explores minority religious groups in relation to the dominant majority in an intra and inter-religious relationship. Certain minorities enjoy a relatively peaceful living coexistence with the majority, while some others undoubtedly experience prolonged conflict and hostility.
Uploads