Applied Mathematical representation Phenomena Sciences in Engineering development is related to t... more Applied Mathematical representation Phenomena Sciences in Engineering development is related to the knowledge advances of different areas of Chemical Engineering and other engineering fields. The advances in mathematical analysis and the computer tools in Transport Phenomena help solve complex problems involving momentum, heat, and mass transfer. Transport Phenomena applied to the engineering teaching process presents unique challenges regarding the complexity of biological material and how it changes during the application of different transformation or preservation treatments. Therefore, studying the basic concepts of Transport Phenomena and their applications to analyze, predict, and design any process is essential in advancing industrial Engineering. This paper presents some of those fundamental concepts of recent applications and research orientations. Several critical elements of numerical analysis are profiled in COMSOL Multiphysics with 0-D, 1-D, 2-D, and 3D models. These eleme...
This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within pipe... more This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within pipelines. Multiphase flows are the norm, as production fluid from reservoirs typically include sand with water. However, these multi-phase flow mixtures, whether three- or four-phase, are at risk of forming slug flows. The inclusion of sand in this mixture is concerning, as it not only leads to increased levels of pipeline erosion but it also has the potential, to accumulate sand at the bottom of the pipe, blocking the pipe or at the very least hindering the flow. This latter impact can prove problematic, as a minimum fluid velocity must be maintained to ensure the safe and regulated flow of particles along a pipeline. The presence of low amounts of sand particles in oil/gas/water flow mixtures can serve to reduce the pressure exerted on bends. The sand volume fraction must in this case, be relatively low such that the particles’ resistance causes only a moderate loss in pressure. Therefore...
Volume 5A: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems, 2019
Many offshore drilling sites are plagued by infrastructure break-downs and other issues due to th... more Many offshore drilling sites are plagued by infrastructure break-downs and other issues due to the complexity of the systems required for the subsea extraction of oil and gas (O&G). For the most part, the O&G industry uses multi-phase and multi-component pipeline flows to move their product from one site to another or to different areas of the same site. In extreme environments, such as offshore or Arctic sites, the development of Sand particles along the pipelines can bring additional challenges to the project. The present work examines the practicality of applying a system of four-phase four-fluid flows for transporting a multi-phase flow (sand, water, oil and CO2) along subsea pipelines. As a means for precisely measuring and predicting the characteristics of thermo- and hydro-dynamic multi-component mixtures, models representing phase behavior and hydrate equilibrium are built and tested. Additionally, the study looks at heat transfer, mass and momentum in both the flow and pipe...
Volume 8: Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Petroleum Technology, 2018
Multiphase flow is an important the phenomenon existing widely in nature, daily life, as well as ... more Multiphase flow is an important the phenomenon existing widely in nature, daily life, as well as petroleum and chemical engineering industry. It is especially important to understand the flow behavior of multiphase flow in a subsea hilly terrain and offshore pipelines. Accurate flow regime identification in multiphase flow is critical since multiphase flow affects the measurement accuracy of phase fraction, flow rate and other phase parameters. The main objective of this research work is to obtain a better understanding of the multiphase flow characteristics in a long pipeline. In this study, the results of an experimental research on multiphase flow that investigates fluid characteristics in a pipe has been presented. The experimental unit consists of pipes that are made up of clear PVC, which is capable of producing several different flow regimes (Stratified, bubble, slug, and annular-mist flow) of gas-liquid flows. The entire length of the flow loop is 20.574 m. The experimental ...
The graduate chemical engineering curriculum at our institution Elmergib University is replete wi... more The graduate chemical engineering curriculum at our institution Elmergib University is replete with both problem-based and project-based learning components. This paper focuses on a complex methodology of inquiry-based learning (IBL), which has been proven to well prepare graduate students for a successful career in engineering. IBL requires Students to invest a considerable time during the class and after working at home learning with the aid of mentoring how to develop and answer a research question. Teaching both IBL and the development of field-specific simulation skills challenge professors. That does not allow much of the class time required to cover material reliance on mathematical tools that often hamper student understanding of the underlying phenomena and difficulty in providing immersive and exciting visuals that support in-depth learning. An IBL component was incorporated into a simulation-based design in four successive graduate courses: Advanced computational Numerica...
Two-phase flow of gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes occurs frequently in th... more Two-phase flow of gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes occurs frequently in the chemical industry as well as in petroleum refining. Extensive experimental and theoretical research has been carried out on these systems in order to better understand their behaviour under different conditions regarding pressure, temperature and mixture concentrations. In this study, experimental apparatuses are used to investigate two-phase flow of gas/liquid systems through pipes. Air is used as the gas in the experiments, while water is used as the Newtonian fluid and Xanthan gum as the non-Newtonian fluid. The objectives of the study are to compare pressure drops when the same gas flows simultaneously with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids through tubes. The comparison here is between experimental pressure drops and estimated pressure drops, based on available empirical correlations for gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian flow. The trend exhibited by the pressure drops in both sy...
Volume 8: Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Petroleum Technology, 2018
Global warming is considered the most challenging issue facing humanity today, with many research... more Global warming is considered the most challenging issue facing humanity today, with many research studies now focusing on investigating the main cause of this problem. Studying the behaviour of carbon dioxide in its different phases can provide the key to resolving this critical issue. In the present study, pipe flows are used to investigate the behavior flow of water-CO2 mixtures at different pressures and temperatures. The flow rate and pressure of water and CO2 are changed by using a pump placed before the mixing point. Pressure and temperature levels are recorded by sensors and thermocouples affixed at points along the pipe loop. The flow rate of water and carbon dioxide is changed simultaneously, and the flow regime of two-phase water-CO2 flow is visualized through transparent tubes. After repeating experiments several times, we found that the mean pressure drop along the tube for water-CO2 system flow is about 4 kPa/m. We also predict that the flow regime of the flow is often ...
Slug flow is one of the most common flow patterns in non-Newtonian two-phase flow in pipes. It is... more Slug flow is one of the most common flow patterns in non-Newtonian two-phase flow in pipes. It is a very common occurrence in gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pipe. Usually, it is an unfavorable flow pattern due to its unsteady nature, intermittency as well as high pressure drop. The differences between slug flow and elongated bubble flow are not clear because usually these two types of flow combined under one flow category. In general, these two-phase flow regimes are commonly defined as intermittent flow. In the present study, pressure gradient, and wave behavior in slug flow have been investigated depending on experimental work. In addition, void fraction has been estimated regarding available superficial liquid and gas velocities. The experimental records of superficial velocities of gas and liquid for slug flow and other flow patterns is used to create flow regime map for the gas non-Newtonian flow system. The effect of investigated flow regime velocities for non-Newtonian/gas ...
Applied Mathematical representation Phenomena Sciences in Engineering development is related to t... more Applied Mathematical representation Phenomena Sciences in Engineering development is related to the knowledge advances of different areas of Chemical Engineering and other engineering fields. The advances in mathematical analysis and the computer tools in Transport Phenomena help solve complex problems involving momentum, heat, and mass transfer. Transport Phenomena applied to the engineering teaching process presents unique challenges regarding the complexity of biological material and how it changes during the application of different transformation or preservation treatments. Therefore, studying the basic concepts of Transport Phenomena and their applications to analyze, predict, and design any process is essential in advancing industrial Engineering. This paper presents some of those fundamental concepts of recent applications and research orientations. Several critical elements of numerical analysis are profiled in COMSOL Multiphysics with 0-D, 1-D, 2-D, and 3D models. These eleme...
This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within pipe... more This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within pipelines. Multiphase flows are the norm, as production fluid from reservoirs typically include sand with water. However, these multi-phase flow mixtures, whether three- or four-phase, are at risk of forming slug flows. The inclusion of sand in this mixture is concerning, as it not only leads to increased levels of pipeline erosion but it also has the potential, to accumulate sand at the bottom of the pipe, blocking the pipe or at the very least hindering the flow. This latter impact can prove problematic, as a minimum fluid velocity must be maintained to ensure the safe and regulated flow of particles along a pipeline. The presence of low amounts of sand particles in oil/gas/water flow mixtures can serve to reduce the pressure exerted on bends. The sand volume fraction must in this case, be relatively low such that the particles’ resistance causes only a moderate loss in pressure. Therefore...
Volume 5A: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems, 2019
Many offshore drilling sites are plagued by infrastructure break-downs and other issues due to th... more Many offshore drilling sites are plagued by infrastructure break-downs and other issues due to the complexity of the systems required for the subsea extraction of oil and gas (O&G). For the most part, the O&G industry uses multi-phase and multi-component pipeline flows to move their product from one site to another or to different areas of the same site. In extreme environments, such as offshore or Arctic sites, the development of Sand particles along the pipelines can bring additional challenges to the project. The present work examines the practicality of applying a system of four-phase four-fluid flows for transporting a multi-phase flow (sand, water, oil and CO2) along subsea pipelines. As a means for precisely measuring and predicting the characteristics of thermo- and hydro-dynamic multi-component mixtures, models representing phase behavior and hydrate equilibrium are built and tested. Additionally, the study looks at heat transfer, mass and momentum in both the flow and pipe...
Volume 8: Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Petroleum Technology, 2018
Multiphase flow is an important the phenomenon existing widely in nature, daily life, as well as ... more Multiphase flow is an important the phenomenon existing widely in nature, daily life, as well as petroleum and chemical engineering industry. It is especially important to understand the flow behavior of multiphase flow in a subsea hilly terrain and offshore pipelines. Accurate flow regime identification in multiphase flow is critical since multiphase flow affects the measurement accuracy of phase fraction, flow rate and other phase parameters. The main objective of this research work is to obtain a better understanding of the multiphase flow characteristics in a long pipeline. In this study, the results of an experimental research on multiphase flow that investigates fluid characteristics in a pipe has been presented. The experimental unit consists of pipes that are made up of clear PVC, which is capable of producing several different flow regimes (Stratified, bubble, slug, and annular-mist flow) of gas-liquid flows. The entire length of the flow loop is 20.574 m. The experimental ...
The graduate chemical engineering curriculum at our institution Elmergib University is replete wi... more The graduate chemical engineering curriculum at our institution Elmergib University is replete with both problem-based and project-based learning components. This paper focuses on a complex methodology of inquiry-based learning (IBL), which has been proven to well prepare graduate students for a successful career in engineering. IBL requires Students to invest a considerable time during the class and after working at home learning with the aid of mentoring how to develop and answer a research question. Teaching both IBL and the development of field-specific simulation skills challenge professors. That does not allow much of the class time required to cover material reliance on mathematical tools that often hamper student understanding of the underlying phenomena and difficulty in providing immersive and exciting visuals that support in-depth learning. An IBL component was incorporated into a simulation-based design in four successive graduate courses: Advanced computational Numerica...
Two-phase flow of gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes occurs frequently in th... more Two-phase flow of gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes occurs frequently in the chemical industry as well as in petroleum refining. Extensive experimental and theoretical research has been carried out on these systems in order to better understand their behaviour under different conditions regarding pressure, temperature and mixture concentrations. In this study, experimental apparatuses are used to investigate two-phase flow of gas/liquid systems through pipes. Air is used as the gas in the experiments, while water is used as the Newtonian fluid and Xanthan gum as the non-Newtonian fluid. The objectives of the study are to compare pressure drops when the same gas flows simultaneously with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids through tubes. The comparison here is between experimental pressure drops and estimated pressure drops, based on available empirical correlations for gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian flow. The trend exhibited by the pressure drops in both sy...
Volume 8: Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Petroleum Technology, 2018
Global warming is considered the most challenging issue facing humanity today, with many research... more Global warming is considered the most challenging issue facing humanity today, with many research studies now focusing on investigating the main cause of this problem. Studying the behaviour of carbon dioxide in its different phases can provide the key to resolving this critical issue. In the present study, pipe flows are used to investigate the behavior flow of water-CO2 mixtures at different pressures and temperatures. The flow rate and pressure of water and CO2 are changed by using a pump placed before the mixing point. Pressure and temperature levels are recorded by sensors and thermocouples affixed at points along the pipe loop. The flow rate of water and carbon dioxide is changed simultaneously, and the flow regime of two-phase water-CO2 flow is visualized through transparent tubes. After repeating experiments several times, we found that the mean pressure drop along the tube for water-CO2 system flow is about 4 kPa/m. We also predict that the flow regime of the flow is often ...
Slug flow is one of the most common flow patterns in non-Newtonian two-phase flow in pipes. It is... more Slug flow is one of the most common flow patterns in non-Newtonian two-phase flow in pipes. It is a very common occurrence in gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pipe. Usually, it is an unfavorable flow pattern due to its unsteady nature, intermittency as well as high pressure drop. The differences between slug flow and elongated bubble flow are not clear because usually these two types of flow combined under one flow category. In general, these two-phase flow regimes are commonly defined as intermittent flow. In the present study, pressure gradient, and wave behavior in slug flow have been investigated depending on experimental work. In addition, void fraction has been estimated regarding available superficial liquid and gas velocities. The experimental records of superficial velocities of gas and liquid for slug flow and other flow patterns is used to create flow regime map for the gas non-Newtonian flow system. The effect of investigated flow regime velocities for non-Newtonian/gas ...
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