Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative inflammatory disease of the central nervou... more Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Several immunomodulatory agents have been used to prevent MS acute exacerbations. Tumor Necrosis factor alpha (TNF- ? ) and interferon gamma (IFN- ? ) are two major inflammatory mediators. Recently, we investigated in our laboratory the therapeutic value of thalidomide, a recognized TNF- ? inhibitor, for the treatment of MS using the classical Lewis rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( EAE). The experimental study revealed that thalidomide reduces the incidence of EAE development in 90% of the cases. Hence we hypothesized that thalidomide may be an important therapeutical tool for prevention of acute exacerbations of the MS.
Apresenta-se um breve historico da talidomida, ressaltando seus mecanismos de acao como teratogen... more Apresenta-se um breve historico da talidomida, ressaltando seus mecanismos de acao como teratogenica e como droga terapeutica.
Introduction: Oral mucositis (OM) is considered the most frequent acute side effect of the antine... more Introduction: Oral mucositis (OM) is considered the most frequent acute side effect of the antineoplasic treatment, with ulcerative lesions resulting from a painful symptomatology, affecting the oral cavity in response to the Antineoplastic treatment. In order to study these side effects, experiments in animal models are necessary, using antineoplastic drugs for the induction of OM and anesthetics, mainly Ketamine and Xylazine, to perform scarification of the cheeks. Objective: The goal is to report an experimental model of induced OM, without the use of anesthetics for the scarification stage of the animal cheeks. Methods: Fourty five male Wistar rats, 7 weeks old and weighting 220g, were used, divided into 2 groups; with OM induced by 5-Fluorouracil intraperitoneal administration. Two days later, Group I was physically contained, in contrast, Group II were anesthetized with Ketamine and Xylazine, focusing on irritating the cheek mucosa using the tip of a sterile needle, in order t...
A mucosite oral e uma doenca caracterizada por lesoes ulceradas na mucosa de pacientes submetidos... more A mucosite oral e uma doenca caracterizada por lesoes ulceradas na mucosa de pacientes submetidos a radioterapia ou quimioterapia. Atualmente, e considerada a mais severa complicacao da terapia antitumoral, acometendo de 40 a 80% dos pacientes submetidos a quimioterapia, e quase a totalidade daqueles submetidos a radioterapia na regiao de cabeca e pescoco. Apesar de nao impedir o aparecimento das lesoes, medicamentos para tratamento da mucosite oral se fazem necessarios para minimizar sua agressividade clinica, melhorando a condicao nutricional, a hidratacao e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes afetados. Alem disso, a prevencao e o controle das ulceras bucais sao fundamentais para o prognostico da doenca, uma vez que o estabelecimento de lesoes graves pode limitar ou interromper definitivamente o tratamento, comprometendo o controle oncologico. O presente trabalho se propos a apresentar ao profissional da odontologia uma revisao sobre a doenca, suas causas bem como a forma de tratame...
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is a inflammatory and demyelinating disease of central ... more Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is a inflammatory and demyelinating disease of central nervous system (CNS) characterized by permanents or temporary disabilities. Its pathogenesis involves autoimmune reaction associated with the production of pro inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). This cytokine is associated with increase of reactive oxygen free radicals, such as nitric oxide, released by activated immune cells. Besides enhancing inflammation, both tumor necrosis factor as nitric oxide cause pathologically direct destruction of proteins and enzyme oxidation. This study focuses on clinical disease progression, development of the inflammatory reaction and evaluation axonal myelination . The “ in situ” tissue expression of the TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase iNOS ,an enzyme associated with the production of nitric oxide , were also investigated in CNS samples obtained during the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyeliti...
A wide spectrum of oral lesions has been associated with human immunodeficiency viral infection (... more A wide spectrum of oral lesions has been associated with human immunodeficiency viral infection (HIV), or AIDS. This report describes the case of an HIV-infected patient who developed a case of disseminated sporotrichosis whose first clinical sign was the presence of orofacial lesions. A histopathological study of this patient's biopsy specimens taken from the oropharyngeal lesions revealed a number of rounded and/or oval free-spore forms of Sporothrix schenkii, the identification of which was corroborated by culturing skin lesion exudate on Sabouraud's glucose agar. To the best of our knowledge to date, this is the first time a case of the oral manifestation of sporotrichosis in association with HIV infection has been described in the dental literature.
Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant used in surgical and clinical practice since 1954... more Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant used in surgical and clinical practice since 1954 and is available in aqueous or alcoholic solutions 0.5%–4.0% and has a broad-spectrum activity. Despite their widespread use, allergic reactions with chlorhexidine are rarely reported. We describe a case of anaphylaxis with chlorhexidine during a septoplasty, turbinectomy, and maxillary sinusectomy. The patient presented with periorbital edema, hives, hypotension, and wheezing. Immediately after the diagnosis of anaphylaxis promethazine, hydrocortisone, and epinephrine were administered with immediate clinical improvement. This case highlights the importance of assessing whether there is a previous clinical history of hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine in patients who will undergo surgical procedures.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative inflammatory disease of the central nervou... more Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Several immunomodulatory agents have been used to prevent MS acute exacerbations. Tumor Necrosis factor alpha (TNF- ? ) and interferon gamma (IFN- ? ) are two major inflammatory mediators. Recently, we investigated in our laboratory the therapeutic value of thalidomide, a recognized TNF- ? inhibitor, for the treatment of MS using the classical Lewis rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( EAE). The experimental study revealed that thalidomide reduces the incidence of EAE development in 90% of the cases. Hence we hypothesized that thalidomide may be an important therapeutical tool for prevention of acute exacerbations of the MS.
Apresenta-se um breve historico da talidomida, ressaltando seus mecanismos de acao como teratogen... more Apresenta-se um breve historico da talidomida, ressaltando seus mecanismos de acao como teratogenica e como droga terapeutica.
Introduction: Oral mucositis (OM) is considered the most frequent acute side effect of the antine... more Introduction: Oral mucositis (OM) is considered the most frequent acute side effect of the antineoplasic treatment, with ulcerative lesions resulting from a painful symptomatology, affecting the oral cavity in response to the Antineoplastic treatment. In order to study these side effects, experiments in animal models are necessary, using antineoplastic drugs for the induction of OM and anesthetics, mainly Ketamine and Xylazine, to perform scarification of the cheeks. Objective: The goal is to report an experimental model of induced OM, without the use of anesthetics for the scarification stage of the animal cheeks. Methods: Fourty five male Wistar rats, 7 weeks old and weighting 220g, were used, divided into 2 groups; with OM induced by 5-Fluorouracil intraperitoneal administration. Two days later, Group I was physically contained, in contrast, Group II were anesthetized with Ketamine and Xylazine, focusing on irritating the cheek mucosa using the tip of a sterile needle, in order t...
A mucosite oral e uma doenca caracterizada por lesoes ulceradas na mucosa de pacientes submetidos... more A mucosite oral e uma doenca caracterizada por lesoes ulceradas na mucosa de pacientes submetidos a radioterapia ou quimioterapia. Atualmente, e considerada a mais severa complicacao da terapia antitumoral, acometendo de 40 a 80% dos pacientes submetidos a quimioterapia, e quase a totalidade daqueles submetidos a radioterapia na regiao de cabeca e pescoco. Apesar de nao impedir o aparecimento das lesoes, medicamentos para tratamento da mucosite oral se fazem necessarios para minimizar sua agressividade clinica, melhorando a condicao nutricional, a hidratacao e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes afetados. Alem disso, a prevencao e o controle das ulceras bucais sao fundamentais para o prognostico da doenca, uma vez que o estabelecimento de lesoes graves pode limitar ou interromper definitivamente o tratamento, comprometendo o controle oncologico. O presente trabalho se propos a apresentar ao profissional da odontologia uma revisao sobre a doenca, suas causas bem como a forma de tratame...
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is a inflammatory and demyelinating disease of central ... more Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is a inflammatory and demyelinating disease of central nervous system (CNS) characterized by permanents or temporary disabilities. Its pathogenesis involves autoimmune reaction associated with the production of pro inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). This cytokine is associated with increase of reactive oxygen free radicals, such as nitric oxide, released by activated immune cells. Besides enhancing inflammation, both tumor necrosis factor as nitric oxide cause pathologically direct destruction of proteins and enzyme oxidation. This study focuses on clinical disease progression, development of the inflammatory reaction and evaluation axonal myelination . The “ in situ” tissue expression of the TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase iNOS ,an enzyme associated with the production of nitric oxide , were also investigated in CNS samples obtained during the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyeliti...
A wide spectrum of oral lesions has been associated with human immunodeficiency viral infection (... more A wide spectrum of oral lesions has been associated with human immunodeficiency viral infection (HIV), or AIDS. This report describes the case of an HIV-infected patient who developed a case of disseminated sporotrichosis whose first clinical sign was the presence of orofacial lesions. A histopathological study of this patient's biopsy specimens taken from the oropharyngeal lesions revealed a number of rounded and/or oval free-spore forms of Sporothrix schenkii, the identification of which was corroborated by culturing skin lesion exudate on Sabouraud's glucose agar. To the best of our knowledge to date, this is the first time a case of the oral manifestation of sporotrichosis in association with HIV infection has been described in the dental literature.
Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant used in surgical and clinical practice since 1954... more Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant used in surgical and clinical practice since 1954 and is available in aqueous or alcoholic solutions 0.5%–4.0% and has a broad-spectrum activity. Despite their widespread use, allergic reactions with chlorhexidine are rarely reported. We describe a case of anaphylaxis with chlorhexidine during a septoplasty, turbinectomy, and maxillary sinusectomy. The patient presented with periorbital edema, hives, hypotension, and wheezing. Immediately after the diagnosis of anaphylaxis promethazine, hydrocortisone, and epinephrine were administered with immediate clinical improvement. This case highlights the importance of assessing whether there is a previous clinical history of hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine in patients who will undergo surgical procedures.
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Papers by Fernando Aarestrup