International Journal of Scientific and Management Research
A vast majority of countries exist that are unable to self-finance themselves in terms of infrast... more A vast majority of countries exist that are unable to self-finance themselves in terms of infrastructure, education, social amenities, and other major projects. As such, they embark on a debt-creating act. With low tax revenues, the government does not want to jeopardize macroeconomic stability by printing additional money. Hence, borrowing is an appealing option for funding infrastructure development projects. Public borrowing happens in both domestic and international markets. External debt is the debt due to non-residents that are repayable in foreign money, food, or services. Nigeria's external debt is on the increase and it is of great concern. This mini review seeks to highlight the impact of external debt on Nigeria. With the right policies, laws, government apparatus, and lack of corruption, External debt can be a great tool in achieving economic growth.
Purpose ― This study contributes to the empirical literature on the nonlinear relationship betwee... more Purpose ― This study contributes to the empirical literature on the nonlinear relationship between public debt and economic growth in Nigeria using threshold regression methodology. It provides insight into how Nigeria can grow out of debt sustainably in the face of the prevailing level of corruption as an institutional indicator. Method ― Stata's threshold command is used for data analysis, and this command fits time-series threshold models in finding the optimal number of thresholds. It does this by minimising an information criterion and using conditional least squares to estimate the parameters of the threshold regression model. Findings ― The results show that the relationship between public debt and economic growth is nonlinear. The threshold effect of public debt on growth depends on the debt-to-GDP ratio and the level of corruption. Substantial evidence supports two threshold levels of debt-to-GDP ratio and corruption in the debt-growth nexus. The two threshold levels of...
This study investigated the causality between economic growth and poverty incidence in Nigeria an... more This study investigated the causality between economic growth and poverty incidence in Nigeria and further determined empirically, any evidence of Kuznets hypothesis in Nigeria between 1980 and 2018. These were with a view to analyzing empirically the nexus between economic growth and poverty alleviation in Nigeria. Annual time series secondary data covering the period 1980 to 2018 were obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI) published by the World Bank and Statistical Bulletin published by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Data collected were analyzed using Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) model (ECM). The ARDL approach is significant to this study because the underlying regressors are purely a mixture of I(0) and I(1) after pre-testing of variables. Pair-wise Granger Causality was used to check the direction of causality. The econometric analysis shows a unidirectional causal relationship, running from economic growth to poverty (0.0189) while the trickledown e...
Incidence of poverty, budget cuts and under development in Nigeria calls for a rethink on the eco... more Incidence of poverty, budget cuts and under development in Nigeria calls for a rethink on the economic planning and social policies if we really want to see sustainable economic development. This is informed by the increasing widening gap that has developed overtime between the rich and the poor, and between rural areas and urban areas. It seems that government’s provisions are either not enough or failing, this study will want to take a deep look into the system and provide an alternative way out to ensure and foster cooperation and sustainable economic development in Nigeria. To do these, the study evaluates the impact of rural road constructions; unemployment and school enrolment on Poverty Index and Gross Domestic Product. Secondary data was collected from reliable and authentic sources and these were analyzed by multivariate regression. The result obtained show that Expenditure on Rural Roads (ERC) (? = -4.177, t-statistic = -1.257; P>0.05), Unemployment Rate (UR) (? = -0....
Purpose: This study investigates the effectiveness of health-aid in Nigeria, with focus on child ... more Purpose: This study investigates the effectiveness of health-aid in Nigeria, with focus on child health outcomes. In particular, the study aims to examine whether health aid has yielded significant gains in child health in Nigeria. Methodology/Approach/Design: Secondary data on neonatal, infant and under 5 mortality as well as measles and DPT immunization were used. The stationarity of the variables was ascertained using the augmented Dickey-Fuller and Philip-Perron unit root tests. In order to confirm the presence or otherwise of long-run relationship among the selected variables, Johansen cointegration test was carried out and the obtained coefficients and p-values indicate evidences of long-run relationship. Finally, the study used the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) estimator to examine the effects of aid targeted at children health on the various child health outcomes. Results: The results suggest the existence of long-run relationships between health aid and child...
This study examines the impact of monetary policy on price stability in Nigeria from 1986 to 2018... more This study examines the impact of monetary policy on price stability in Nigeria from 1986 to 2018.The cash reserve ratio, liquidity ratio, exchange rate, money supply and import of goods and services were the monetary policy variables used while inflation consumer prices was the variable used to measure price stability. For this study, secondary time series data which was obtained from the CBN Statistical Bulletin 2018 and WDI were adopted and the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was employed after conducting a diagnosis test. The results of the analysis showed that of all the monetary policy instruments used; only cash reserve ratio had a positive and significant effect in ensuring price stability. Liquidity ratio, exchange rate, and money supply negatively and insignificantly impacted on price instability, while import of goods and services was positive though insignificant for the period examined. Based on the results, it is therefore recommended that indirect monetar...
Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences, 2021
Purpose: The study aimed at presenting a comparative appraisal of the trends of the two most prev... more Purpose: The study aimed at presenting a comparative appraisal of the trends of the two most prevalent infectious diseases bedeviling the region: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB). Subject & Methods: Data on fourteen ECOWAS member countries and also fourteen member countries of the SADC bloc. This represents about 93.3% and 87.5% membership of the ECOWAS and SADC blocs respectively. Although the choice of sample size is determined largely by the availability of data, the choices were carefully made to maximize available observation. The data were sourced from World Development Indicators online database published by the World Bank. We use two measures of infectious diseases: the prevalence rate of human immunodeficiency virus and the incidence of tuberculosis. Results: The HIV prevalence rates and incidence of TB were uneven in the two selected trade blocs. The magnitude and the severity of the diseases varied. The burden of both diseases was higher for SADC a...
International Journal of Scientific and Management Research
A vast majority of countries exist that are unable to self-finance themselves in terms of infrast... more A vast majority of countries exist that are unable to self-finance themselves in terms of infrastructure, education, social amenities, and other major projects. As such, they embark on a debt-creating act. With low tax revenues, the government does not want to jeopardize macroeconomic stability by printing additional money. Hence, borrowing is an appealing option for funding infrastructure development projects. Public borrowing happens in both domestic and international markets. External debt is the debt due to non-residents that are repayable in foreign money, food, or services. Nigeria's external debt is on the increase and it is of great concern. This mini review seeks to highlight the impact of external debt on Nigeria. With the right policies, laws, government apparatus, and lack of corruption, External debt can be a great tool in achieving economic growth.
Purpose ― This study contributes to the empirical literature on the nonlinear relationship betwee... more Purpose ― This study contributes to the empirical literature on the nonlinear relationship between public debt and economic growth in Nigeria using threshold regression methodology. It provides insight into how Nigeria can grow out of debt sustainably in the face of the prevailing level of corruption as an institutional indicator. Method ― Stata's threshold command is used for data analysis, and this command fits time-series threshold models in finding the optimal number of thresholds. It does this by minimising an information criterion and using conditional least squares to estimate the parameters of the threshold regression model. Findings ― The results show that the relationship between public debt and economic growth is nonlinear. The threshold effect of public debt on growth depends on the debt-to-GDP ratio and the level of corruption. Substantial evidence supports two threshold levels of debt-to-GDP ratio and corruption in the debt-growth nexus. The two threshold levels of...
This study investigated the causality between economic growth and poverty incidence in Nigeria an... more This study investigated the causality between economic growth and poverty incidence in Nigeria and further determined empirically, any evidence of Kuznets hypothesis in Nigeria between 1980 and 2018. These were with a view to analyzing empirically the nexus between economic growth and poverty alleviation in Nigeria. Annual time series secondary data covering the period 1980 to 2018 were obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI) published by the World Bank and Statistical Bulletin published by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Data collected were analyzed using Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) model (ECM). The ARDL approach is significant to this study because the underlying regressors are purely a mixture of I(0) and I(1) after pre-testing of variables. Pair-wise Granger Causality was used to check the direction of causality. The econometric analysis shows a unidirectional causal relationship, running from economic growth to poverty (0.0189) while the trickledown e...
Incidence of poverty, budget cuts and under development in Nigeria calls for a rethink on the eco... more Incidence of poverty, budget cuts and under development in Nigeria calls for a rethink on the economic planning and social policies if we really want to see sustainable economic development. This is informed by the increasing widening gap that has developed overtime between the rich and the poor, and between rural areas and urban areas. It seems that government’s provisions are either not enough or failing, this study will want to take a deep look into the system and provide an alternative way out to ensure and foster cooperation and sustainable economic development in Nigeria. To do these, the study evaluates the impact of rural road constructions; unemployment and school enrolment on Poverty Index and Gross Domestic Product. Secondary data was collected from reliable and authentic sources and these were analyzed by multivariate regression. The result obtained show that Expenditure on Rural Roads (ERC) (? = -4.177, t-statistic = -1.257; P>0.05), Unemployment Rate (UR) (? = -0....
Purpose: This study investigates the effectiveness of health-aid in Nigeria, with focus on child ... more Purpose: This study investigates the effectiveness of health-aid in Nigeria, with focus on child health outcomes. In particular, the study aims to examine whether health aid has yielded significant gains in child health in Nigeria. Methodology/Approach/Design: Secondary data on neonatal, infant and under 5 mortality as well as measles and DPT immunization were used. The stationarity of the variables was ascertained using the augmented Dickey-Fuller and Philip-Perron unit root tests. In order to confirm the presence or otherwise of long-run relationship among the selected variables, Johansen cointegration test was carried out and the obtained coefficients and p-values indicate evidences of long-run relationship. Finally, the study used the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) estimator to examine the effects of aid targeted at children health on the various child health outcomes. Results: The results suggest the existence of long-run relationships between health aid and child...
This study examines the impact of monetary policy on price stability in Nigeria from 1986 to 2018... more This study examines the impact of monetary policy on price stability in Nigeria from 1986 to 2018.The cash reserve ratio, liquidity ratio, exchange rate, money supply and import of goods and services were the monetary policy variables used while inflation consumer prices was the variable used to measure price stability. For this study, secondary time series data which was obtained from the CBN Statistical Bulletin 2018 and WDI were adopted and the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was employed after conducting a diagnosis test. The results of the analysis showed that of all the monetary policy instruments used; only cash reserve ratio had a positive and significant effect in ensuring price stability. Liquidity ratio, exchange rate, and money supply negatively and insignificantly impacted on price instability, while import of goods and services was positive though insignificant for the period examined. Based on the results, it is therefore recommended that indirect monetar...
Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences, 2021
Purpose: The study aimed at presenting a comparative appraisal of the trends of the two most prev... more Purpose: The study aimed at presenting a comparative appraisal of the trends of the two most prevalent infectious diseases bedeviling the region: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB). Subject & Methods: Data on fourteen ECOWAS member countries and also fourteen member countries of the SADC bloc. This represents about 93.3% and 87.5% membership of the ECOWAS and SADC blocs respectively. Although the choice of sample size is determined largely by the availability of data, the choices were carefully made to maximize available observation. The data were sourced from World Development Indicators online database published by the World Bank. We use two measures of infectious diseases: the prevalence rate of human immunodeficiency virus and the incidence of tuberculosis. Results: The HIV prevalence rates and incidence of TB were uneven in the two selected trade blocs. The magnitude and the severity of the diseases varied. The burden of both diseases was higher for SADC a...
Uploads
Papers by Folake Bank-Ola