Los traumatismos causados por el tránsito constituyen la principal causa de mortalidad por lesion... more Los traumatismos causados por el tránsito constituyen la principal causa de mortalidad por lesiones y la undécima causa más importante de defunción en el mundo, y ocupan el noveno lugar entre los principales factores que contribuyen a la carga mundial de morbilidad. Cada año, 1, 2 millones de hombres, mujeres y niños de todo el mundo pierden la vida debido a colisiones en las vías de tránsito y centenares de miles más sufren traumatismos, que a veces causan discapacidades permanentes.
The Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme (TRIPP) at the Indian Institute of Te... more The Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme (TRIPP) at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, is an interdisciplinary programme focussing on the reduction of adverse health effects of road transport. TRIPP attempts to integrate all issues concerned with transportation in order to promote safety, cleaner air, and energy conservation. Faculty members are involved in planning safer urban and inter-city transportation systems, and developing designs for vehicles, safety equipment and infrastructure for the future. Activities include applied research projects, special courses and workshops, and supervision of student projects at postgraduate and undergraduate levels. Projects are done in collaboration with associated departments and centres at IIT Delhi, government departments, industry and international agencies.
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2013
Walking is the most sustainable and most used mode of transportation in Indian cities. From 2006-... more Walking is the most sustainable and most used mode of transportation in Indian cities. From 2006-2009, an estimated 8503 fatalities in road traffic crashes occurred in Delhi in which pedestrians contribute almost 51%. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of utilizing geographic information systems (GIS) in identifying pedestrian accident-prone locations. Crash data were geocoded in ArcGIS over the digitized road map of Delhi. Results highlighted four pedestrian fatal hotspot locations in Delhi. Fatal pedestrian accidents were significantly clustered (p<0.05) over the Ring Road of Delhi at intersections. The analysis showed that the pedestrian fatalities at arterial road intersections involving cars and buses were 27% and 14% of all fatalities involving cars and buses respectively.
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2010
In order to improve traffic flow, signal-free, grade-separated intersections in Delhi have often ... more In order to improve traffic flow, signal-free, grade-separated intersections in Delhi have often replaced signalized intersections. Evaluating the impact of signal free intersections on pedestrians is important when nearly fifty percent fatalities in the city involve pedestrians. Examining a pedestrian sample before and after site reconstruction produces a better understanding of the subsequent changes in pedestrian risk behavior. Strategically placed camcorders viewed pedestrians and approaching traffic. Data reduction measured the accepted time gap of each pedestrian making an unsafe crossing and the average speeds of the approaching vehicle groups. A pedestrian survey provided additional information. Sixty two percent pedestrian accepted gap less than 4 seconds(exposed to high risk) after site reconstruction compared to fifteen percent pedestrian accepting similar gap before the site reconstruction. More than 35 percent of pedestrian stage crossings had accepted gaps less than on...
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2013
Free left-turn lanes are common at major signalized intersections of Delhi to create additional c... more Free left-turn lanes are common at major signalized intersections of Delhi to create additional capacity, and to facilitate continuous flow to left-turning traffic. The present study aims at examining the pedestrians’ risk and road crossing behavior at free left-turns. Two most used binary probabilistic models, namely Logistic and Probit, were fitted to the data-set. Pedestrians cross the free left-turn when gaps are available within the traffic flow. Analysis of the data suggests that pedestrians’ waiting time prior to the crossing of free left-turn is very less. Gap size is a significant parameter. Pedestrians’ characteristics and type of conflicting vehicle do not influence their crossing behavior. Most of the pedestrians cross the free left turns with the gap size less than the adequate gap size. Both the univariate binary response Logistic and Probit regression models have been found to give similar results for the selected case.
Pedestrians, cyclists, and users of motorised two-wheelers account for more than 85% of all the r... more Pedestrians, cyclists, and users of motorised two-wheelers account for more than 85% of all the road fatality victims in Delhi. The three categories are often referred to as vulnerable road users (VRUs). Using Bayesian hierarchical approach with a Poisson-lognormal regression model, we present spatial analysis of road fatalities of VRUs with wards as areal units. The model accounts for spatially uncorrelated as well as correlated error. The explanatory variables include demographic factors, traffic characteristics, as well as built environment features. We found that fatality risk has a negative association with socio-economic status (literacy rate), population density, and number of roundabouts, and has a positive association with percentage of population as workers, number of bus stops, number of flyovers (grade separators), and vehicle kilometers travelled. The negative effect of roundabouts, though statistically insignificant, is in accordance with their speed calming effects fo...
Using a health impact assessment framework, we estimated the population health effects arising fr... more Using a health impact assessment framework, we estimated the population health effects arising from alternative land-use and transport policy initiatives in six cities. Land-use changes were modelled to reflect a compact city in which land-use density and diversity were increased and distances to public transport were reduced to produce low motorised mobility, namely a modal shift from private motor vehicles to walking, cycling, and public transport. The modelled compact city scenario resulted in health gains for all cities (for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease) with overall health gains of 420-826 disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population. However, for moderate to highly motorised cities, such as Melbourne, London, and Boston, the compact city scenario predicted a small increase in road trauma for cyclists and pedestrians (health loss of between 34 and 41 DALYs per 100 000 population). The findings suggest that government policies need t...
Global transportation energy use is steeply rising, mainly as a result of increasing population a... more Global transportation energy use is steeply rising, mainly as a result of increasing population and economic activity. Petroleum fuels remain the dominant energy source, reflecting advantages such as high energy density, low cost, and market availability. The movement of people and freight makes a major contribution to economic development and social well-being, but it also negatively impacts climate change, air quality, health, social cohesion, and safety. Following a review published 20 years ago in the Annual Review of Environment and Resources (then named the Annual Review of Energy and the Environment) by Lee Schipper, we examine current trends and potential futures, revising several major global transport/energy reports. There are significant opportunities to slow travel growth and improve efficiency. Alternatives to petroleum exist but have different characteristics in terms of availability, cost, distribution, infrastructure, storage, and public acceptability. The transition...
Los traumatismos causados por el tránsito constituyen la principal causa de mortalidad por lesion... more Los traumatismos causados por el tránsito constituyen la principal causa de mortalidad por lesiones y la undécima causa más importante de defunción en el mundo, y ocupan el noveno lugar entre los principales factores que contribuyen a la carga mundial de morbilidad. Cada año, 1, 2 millones de hombres, mujeres y niños de todo el mundo pierden la vida debido a colisiones en las vías de tránsito y centenares de miles más sufren traumatismos, que a veces causan discapacidades permanentes.
The Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme (TRIPP) at the Indian Institute of Te... more The Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme (TRIPP) at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, is an interdisciplinary programme focussing on the reduction of adverse health effects of road transport. TRIPP attempts to integrate all issues concerned with transportation in order to promote safety, cleaner air, and energy conservation. Faculty members are involved in planning safer urban and inter-city transportation systems, and developing designs for vehicles, safety equipment and infrastructure for the future. Activities include applied research projects, special courses and workshops, and supervision of student projects at postgraduate and undergraduate levels. Projects are done in collaboration with associated departments and centres at IIT Delhi, government departments, industry and international agencies.
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2013
Walking is the most sustainable and most used mode of transportation in Indian cities. From 2006-... more Walking is the most sustainable and most used mode of transportation in Indian cities. From 2006-2009, an estimated 8503 fatalities in road traffic crashes occurred in Delhi in which pedestrians contribute almost 51%. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of utilizing geographic information systems (GIS) in identifying pedestrian accident-prone locations. Crash data were geocoded in ArcGIS over the digitized road map of Delhi. Results highlighted four pedestrian fatal hotspot locations in Delhi. Fatal pedestrian accidents were significantly clustered (p<0.05) over the Ring Road of Delhi at intersections. The analysis showed that the pedestrian fatalities at arterial road intersections involving cars and buses were 27% and 14% of all fatalities involving cars and buses respectively.
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2010
In order to improve traffic flow, signal-free, grade-separated intersections in Delhi have often ... more In order to improve traffic flow, signal-free, grade-separated intersections in Delhi have often replaced signalized intersections. Evaluating the impact of signal free intersections on pedestrians is important when nearly fifty percent fatalities in the city involve pedestrians. Examining a pedestrian sample before and after site reconstruction produces a better understanding of the subsequent changes in pedestrian risk behavior. Strategically placed camcorders viewed pedestrians and approaching traffic. Data reduction measured the accepted time gap of each pedestrian making an unsafe crossing and the average speeds of the approaching vehicle groups. A pedestrian survey provided additional information. Sixty two percent pedestrian accepted gap less than 4 seconds(exposed to high risk) after site reconstruction compared to fifteen percent pedestrian accepting similar gap before the site reconstruction. More than 35 percent of pedestrian stage crossings had accepted gaps less than on...
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2013
Free left-turn lanes are common at major signalized intersections of Delhi to create additional c... more Free left-turn lanes are common at major signalized intersections of Delhi to create additional capacity, and to facilitate continuous flow to left-turning traffic. The present study aims at examining the pedestrians’ risk and road crossing behavior at free left-turns. Two most used binary probabilistic models, namely Logistic and Probit, were fitted to the data-set. Pedestrians cross the free left-turn when gaps are available within the traffic flow. Analysis of the data suggests that pedestrians’ waiting time prior to the crossing of free left-turn is very less. Gap size is a significant parameter. Pedestrians’ characteristics and type of conflicting vehicle do not influence their crossing behavior. Most of the pedestrians cross the free left turns with the gap size less than the adequate gap size. Both the univariate binary response Logistic and Probit regression models have been found to give similar results for the selected case.
Pedestrians, cyclists, and users of motorised two-wheelers account for more than 85% of all the r... more Pedestrians, cyclists, and users of motorised two-wheelers account for more than 85% of all the road fatality victims in Delhi. The three categories are often referred to as vulnerable road users (VRUs). Using Bayesian hierarchical approach with a Poisson-lognormal regression model, we present spatial analysis of road fatalities of VRUs with wards as areal units. The model accounts for spatially uncorrelated as well as correlated error. The explanatory variables include demographic factors, traffic characteristics, as well as built environment features. We found that fatality risk has a negative association with socio-economic status (literacy rate), population density, and number of roundabouts, and has a positive association with percentage of population as workers, number of bus stops, number of flyovers (grade separators), and vehicle kilometers travelled. The negative effect of roundabouts, though statistically insignificant, is in accordance with their speed calming effects fo...
Using a health impact assessment framework, we estimated the population health effects arising fr... more Using a health impact assessment framework, we estimated the population health effects arising from alternative land-use and transport policy initiatives in six cities. Land-use changes were modelled to reflect a compact city in which land-use density and diversity were increased and distances to public transport were reduced to produce low motorised mobility, namely a modal shift from private motor vehicles to walking, cycling, and public transport. The modelled compact city scenario resulted in health gains for all cities (for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease) with overall health gains of 420-826 disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population. However, for moderate to highly motorised cities, such as Melbourne, London, and Boston, the compact city scenario predicted a small increase in road trauma for cyclists and pedestrians (health loss of between 34 and 41 DALYs per 100 000 population). The findings suggest that government policies need t...
Global transportation energy use is steeply rising, mainly as a result of increasing population a... more Global transportation energy use is steeply rising, mainly as a result of increasing population and economic activity. Petroleum fuels remain the dominant energy source, reflecting advantages such as high energy density, low cost, and market availability. The movement of people and freight makes a major contribution to economic development and social well-being, but it also negatively impacts climate change, air quality, health, social cohesion, and safety. Following a review published 20 years ago in the Annual Review of Environment and Resources (then named the Annual Review of Energy and the Environment) by Lee Schipper, we examine current trends and potential futures, revising several major global transport/energy reports. There are significant opportunities to slow travel growth and improve efficiency. Alternatives to petroleum exist but have different characteristics in terms of availability, cost, distribution, infrastructure, storage, and public acceptability. The transition...
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