The summary of five major transcription factor families in leaf and root tissues of watermelon ex... more The summary of five major transcription factor families in leaf and root tissues of watermelon exposed to different levels of N (0.2Â mM, 9Â mM) (XLSX 38Â kb)
The expression pattern of different genes in the leaf tissues of watermelon exposed to different ... more The expression pattern of different genes in the leaf tissues of watermelon exposed to different levels of nitrogen (0.2Â mM, 9Â mM) (XLSX 1109Â kb)
Transcription factors (TFs) found to be affected in the leaf and root tissues of watermelon expos... more Transcription factors (TFs) found to be affected in the leaf and root tissues of watermelon exposed to different levels of nitrogen (0.2Â mM, 9Â mM) (XLSX 76Â kb)
The expression of chlorophyll, cytochrome 450, photosystem I, II, and phytochrome-related genes i... more The expression of chlorophyll, cytochrome 450, photosystem I, II, and phytochrome-related genes in watermelon leaves exposed to different levels of nitrogen supply (0.2Â mM, 9Â mM) (XLSX 27Â kb)
Table S1. Summary of sequencing data quality of leaves and roots of watermelon grown under hydrop... more Table S1. Summary of sequencing data quality of leaves and roots of watermelon grown under hydroponic conditions at low N (0.2 mM) and high N (9 mM); Table S2. Summary of total, multiple and uniquely mapped reads of leaves and roots of watermelon grown under hydroponic conditions at low N (0.2 mM) and high N (9 mM); Table S3. Transcript abundance of the genes that were only expressed under low N (LLN) in the leaves of watermelon seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions; Table S4. Transcript abundance of the genes that were only expressed under high N (LHN) in the leaves of watermelon seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions; Table S5. Transcript abundance of the genes that were expressed either under low N (RLN) or high N (RHN) in the roots of watermelon seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions; Table S6. The list of primer sequences used for qRT-PCR analysis; Table S7. Arabidopsis thaliana Ortholog genes to the selected candidate genes that substantially responded to low N...
Boron (B) is an essential trace element that plays a vital role in metabolic and physiological fu... more Boron (B) is an essential trace element that plays a vital role in metabolic and physiological functions of higher plants. The adequate supply of B is important for plant growth and development. Grafting is a technique used to improve the ion uptake and plant growth. In this study, a commercial watermelon cultivar "Zaojia 8424" [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai.] was grafted onto pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata) rootstock cv. "Qingyan Zhenmu No.1" with an aim to investigate the response of grafted plants to different levels of B supply (0.25 μM, 25 μM and 75 μM B) in the nutrient solution. Self-grafted watermelon plants were used as control. Pumpkin rootstock improved the plant growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, photosynthetic assimilation, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, B accumulation and up-regulated the expression of NIP5;1, NIP6;1 and B transporter (BOR2, BOR4) genes in the roots and leaves at 25 μM B compared with self-grafted watermelon plants. Moreover, pumpkin rootstock reduced the oxidative stress and cell damage by reducing H2O2 and MDA contents, and down-regulating the expression of PDCD2-1, PDCD2-2 genes. Moreover, it enhanced the antioxidant activity of watermelon by up-regulating the expression of SOD1, SOD2, CAT2-1, and CAT2-2 genes. Based on these observations, we concluded that pumpkin rootstock has ability to improve the plant growth of watermelon by enhancing the B uptake. This study may help adjust the B concentration in the nutrient medium for watermelon production where pumpkin grafted plants are utilized.
Cucurbit crops are suitable models for studying long-distance signaling in horticultural plants. ... more Cucurbit crops are suitable models for studying long-distance signaling in horticultural plants. Although thousands of substances are graft transmissible in cucurbits, functional studies have been hampered by the lack of efficient genetic transformation systems. Here, we report a convenient and efficient root transformation method for several cucurbit crops that will facilitate studies of functional genes and shoot–root crosstalk. We obtained healthy plants with completely transformed roots and non-transgenic shoots within 6 weeks. Furthermore, we combined this root transformation method with grafting, which allowed for gene manipulation in the rootstock. We validated our system by exploring salt tolerance mechanisms using a cucumber (Cucumis sativus)/pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) (scion/rootstock) graft in which the sodium transporter gene High-affinity K+ transporter1 (CmoHKT1;1) was edited in the pumpkin rootstock, and by overexpressing the pumpkin tonoplast Na+/H+ antiporte...
2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Smart Technologies (ICETST), 2020
In the current technologically advanced era, everyone desires and strive for contentment, ease an... more In the current technologically advanced era, everyone desires and strive for contentment, ease and comfort. An efficient, user friendly, operational cost friendly and cost efficient entity following automated suitcase is proposed to facilitate and provide comfort to frequent travellers. The proposed system consists of Arduino microcontroller board, ultrasonic sensor, dc motors and smartphone. The smart phone communicates with suitcase over Bluetooth medium to control its speed and movement directions (Forward, Left, Right and Stop) in accordance to its user. The smart phone uses accelerometer and magnetometer sensors for speed and user's movements computations to provide a cost effective solution. The proposed system has been tested and validated for a variety of real life scenarios (both indoor and outdoor) and has achieved accuracy of 90.8%.
2019 8th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICICT), 2019
As population increases rapidly with the passage of time due to which waste production is also in... more As population increases rapidly with the passage of time due to which waste production is also increasing which badly effects the environment. All wastes cannot be decomposed and may produce bad smell and methane gas, increasing land and water pollution. Hence serious waste management is required. Concerned authorities face numerous problems while collecting waste like continuous checking of trash bins status (empty or full) to remove all waste at appropriate time. Existing manual systems of waste management are more costly and require more human resources This research proposes a solution for the sustainability of waste management. The system is divided into two parts: 1) Intelligent Trash Bin (ITB) and 2) Efficiency optimization for trash Collection. ITB is an IoT based automated trash bin which sends notification autonomously to the concerned authority, when it gets filled or fire is detected in it. Android application is used to receive notification from server and waste collect...
Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 2020
Naegleriasis also known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fulminant brain infecti... more Naegleriasis also known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fulminant brain infection is caused by a single-celled, ameboflagellate known as Naegleria fowleri. Naegleria fowleri has been difficult to eradicate since its growth is typically found in bodies of warm freshwater, unchlorinated, piped water, swimming pools and moist soil. This letter focuses on characteristics and route of spread of infection caused by Naegleria Fowleri and preventative measures that can be taken to limit its spread. A thorough literature review was performed to identify different route of spread of Naegleria Fowleri infection and specific measures that should be taken to limit its spread. We found that Naegleria follows a nasal route of infection, migrating along the olfactory nerve, through the cribriform plate into the brain where it evokes a substantial immune response causing a widespread inflammation, hemorrhage and necrosis eventually leading to death. The at-risk population includes ...
Datacenters running on-line, data-intensive applications (OLDIs) consume significant amounts of e... more Datacenters running on-line, data-intensive applications (OLDIs) consume significant amounts of energy. However, reducing their energy is challenging due to their tight response time requirements. A key aspect of OLDIs is that each user query goes to all or many of the nodes in the cluster, so that the overall time budget is dictated by the tail of the replies' latency distribution; replies see latency variations both in the network and compute. Previous work proposes to achieve load-proportional energy by slowing down the computation at lower datacenter loads based directly on response times (i.e., at lower loads, the proposal exploits the average slack in the time budget provisioned for the peak load). In contrast, we propose TimeTrader to reduce energy by exploiting the latency slack in the sub- critical replies which arrive before the deadline (e.g., 80% of replies are 3-4x faster than the tail). This slack is present at all loads and subsumes the previous work's load-re...
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by abnormal heart rhythm. Among other well-known associ... more Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by abnormal heart rhythm. Among other well-known associations, recent studies suggest an association of AF with height. Height is related to 50 diseases spanning different body systems, AF is one of them. Since AF, a heterogeneous disease process, is influenced by structural, neural, electrical, and hemodynamic factors, height alters this process through its contribution to increasing atrial and ventricular size, leading to altered conduction patterns, autonomic dysregulation, and development of AF. Multiple underlying mechanisms associate height with AF. Apart from these indirect mechanisms, genome-wide association studies suggest the involvement of the same genes in AF and growth pathways. Tall stature is independently associated with a higher risk of AF development in healthy individuals. Since adult height is achieved much earlier than the onset of AF, protective measures can be taken in individuals with increased height to monitor, mana...
2021 4th International Conference on Energy Conservation and Efficiency (ICECE)
In this study preparation and characterization of four biomass pellets i.e. bamboo leaf, mustard ... more In this study preparation and characterization of four biomass pellets i.e. bamboo leaf, mustard straw, rice husk and wood mix were carried out with cow dung that is considered to be a potential binder to improve the physicochemical properties of pellets. Initially the samples were dried at 105°C to remove moisture content up to 15% and then pellets were prepared using biomass and cow dung in 1:1. The samples were characterized using FT-IR, compressive strength and TGA analysis during which their compositional, mechanical, thermal and physicochemical properties were analyzed. The energy density of biomass pellets was also calculated. Bamboo leaf being the promising candidate exhibited improved properties compared to other biomass pellets with maximum compressive strength of 11.6MPa and energy density of 19434.8 MJ/m3 along with enhanced structural properties. Whereas wood mix indicated the least compressive strength i.e. 3.73MPa but highest energy density i.e. 20456.5 MJ/m3 and good thermal characteristics. The lignin content present in cow dung is one of the main sources that makes it good biofuel. The experimental results revealed that cow dung is a most suitable binder as it is abundantly available and also increases the durability of biomass pellets comparative to other binders used in different studies.
Tetraena mandavillei L.is a perennial shrub native to the Middle Eastern countries of Asia, that ... more Tetraena mandavillei L.is a perennial shrub native to the Middle Eastern countries of Asia, that is extensively regarded as a drought-tolerant plant. However, the plant reduces growth and biomass when grown in high concentrations of sodium chloride in the soil. We conducted a pot experiment to influence the negative impact of different levels of salinity (0, 10 and 20 dSm-1 ) and drought stress (100, 80, 60 and 40% water field capacity), to study different growth-related parameters, physiological alterations and ion uptake by T. mandavillei. Both salinity and drought stress caused a negative impact by affecting several attributes of T. mandavillei, but the plants showed some resistance against drought stress conditions in terms of growth and biomass. In addition to that, we noticed that a combinatorial and individual impact of drought and salinity stress decreased photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange parameters in T. mandavillei. Results also depicted that the combination of the abiotic stress conditions drought and salinity induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicating that the plants undergo oxidative damaged. However, due to the active plant defence system, the plant enhanced its performance under abiotic stress conditions, but due to the severe drought condition (40% water field capacity), a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the activities of antioxidant compounds was caused. Furthermore, osmolytes also increased under both salinity and drought stress conditions in this study. Our results also showed that increased salinity and drought stress in the soil caused a significant increase in sodium (Na+ ) and chloride (Cl- ) ions in roots and shoots of T. mandavillei. In contrast to that, the contents of Calcium (Ca2+ ) and potassium (K+ ) were decreased in all organs of the plants with increasing levels of salinity and drought stress. Taken together, T. mandavillei can be classified as a facultative halophyte with the ability to tolerate drought stress and using salt accumulation mechanisms to tolerate salinity stress. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Objectives: To determine the awareness and practices of medical and dental doctors in detecting a... more Objectives: To determine the awareness and practices of medical and dental doctors in detecting and reporting suspected cases of child physical abuse. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from November 2017 to June 2018 among medical and dental doctors practising in public and private hospitals across Pakistan. Using convienence sampling technique a structured questionnaire was administered. The questionnaire addresses knowledge of the social indicators of child physical abuse, response to child physical abuse, and actions taken by doctors when they believe a child abuse case has been decided. Descriptive analysis was done, and Chi-square test was used for the association of knowledge about child physical abuse and sex. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of total 575 doctors, 347 (60.3%) were males and 446 (77.6%) work in private hospitals. The majority of doctors 384 (66.8%) had <10 years of experience and only 99(17.2%) had receive...
Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has affected HCPs in multiple way. It has caused psychological im... more Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has affected HCPs in multiple way. It has caused psychological impact in form of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. In this study, we aim to study and compare the stress level, anxiety and depression among HCPs who are posted in special COVID-19 units with the HCPs who are not posted in COVID-19 units.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2020, at various hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan. All health care professionals (HCPs) were invited to participate. A total of 301 HCPs completed this study, who were divided into two groups; those who are posted in COVID-19 ward (Group A) and those who are not (Group B). Psychological Impact was English version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21).Results: In Group A, 70.5% had moderate, severe, or extremely severe depression compared to 49.2% in group B. In Group A, 75.4% had moderate, severe, or extremely severe anxiety compared to 44.7% in group B. In Group A, 80.3% had moderat...
The summary of five major transcription factor families in leaf and root tissues of watermelon ex... more The summary of five major transcription factor families in leaf and root tissues of watermelon exposed to different levels of N (0.2Â mM, 9Â mM) (XLSX 38Â kb)
The expression pattern of different genes in the leaf tissues of watermelon exposed to different ... more The expression pattern of different genes in the leaf tissues of watermelon exposed to different levels of nitrogen (0.2Â mM, 9Â mM) (XLSX 1109Â kb)
Transcription factors (TFs) found to be affected in the leaf and root tissues of watermelon expos... more Transcription factors (TFs) found to be affected in the leaf and root tissues of watermelon exposed to different levels of nitrogen (0.2Â mM, 9Â mM) (XLSX 76Â kb)
The expression of chlorophyll, cytochrome 450, photosystem I, II, and phytochrome-related genes i... more The expression of chlorophyll, cytochrome 450, photosystem I, II, and phytochrome-related genes in watermelon leaves exposed to different levels of nitrogen supply (0.2Â mM, 9Â mM) (XLSX 27Â kb)
Table S1. Summary of sequencing data quality of leaves and roots of watermelon grown under hydrop... more Table S1. Summary of sequencing data quality of leaves and roots of watermelon grown under hydroponic conditions at low N (0.2 mM) and high N (9 mM); Table S2. Summary of total, multiple and uniquely mapped reads of leaves and roots of watermelon grown under hydroponic conditions at low N (0.2 mM) and high N (9 mM); Table S3. Transcript abundance of the genes that were only expressed under low N (LLN) in the leaves of watermelon seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions; Table S4. Transcript abundance of the genes that were only expressed under high N (LHN) in the leaves of watermelon seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions; Table S5. Transcript abundance of the genes that were expressed either under low N (RLN) or high N (RHN) in the roots of watermelon seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions; Table S6. The list of primer sequences used for qRT-PCR analysis; Table S7. Arabidopsis thaliana Ortholog genes to the selected candidate genes that substantially responded to low N...
Boron (B) is an essential trace element that plays a vital role in metabolic and physiological fu... more Boron (B) is an essential trace element that plays a vital role in metabolic and physiological functions of higher plants. The adequate supply of B is important for plant growth and development. Grafting is a technique used to improve the ion uptake and plant growth. In this study, a commercial watermelon cultivar "Zaojia 8424" [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai.] was grafted onto pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata) rootstock cv. "Qingyan Zhenmu No.1" with an aim to investigate the response of grafted plants to different levels of B supply (0.25 μM, 25 μM and 75 μM B) in the nutrient solution. Self-grafted watermelon plants were used as control. Pumpkin rootstock improved the plant growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, photosynthetic assimilation, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, B accumulation and up-regulated the expression of NIP5;1, NIP6;1 and B transporter (BOR2, BOR4) genes in the roots and leaves at 25 μM B compared with self-grafted watermelon plants. Moreover, pumpkin rootstock reduced the oxidative stress and cell damage by reducing H2O2 and MDA contents, and down-regulating the expression of PDCD2-1, PDCD2-2 genes. Moreover, it enhanced the antioxidant activity of watermelon by up-regulating the expression of SOD1, SOD2, CAT2-1, and CAT2-2 genes. Based on these observations, we concluded that pumpkin rootstock has ability to improve the plant growth of watermelon by enhancing the B uptake. This study may help adjust the B concentration in the nutrient medium for watermelon production where pumpkin grafted plants are utilized.
Cucurbit crops are suitable models for studying long-distance signaling in horticultural plants. ... more Cucurbit crops are suitable models for studying long-distance signaling in horticultural plants. Although thousands of substances are graft transmissible in cucurbits, functional studies have been hampered by the lack of efficient genetic transformation systems. Here, we report a convenient and efficient root transformation method for several cucurbit crops that will facilitate studies of functional genes and shoot–root crosstalk. We obtained healthy plants with completely transformed roots and non-transgenic shoots within 6 weeks. Furthermore, we combined this root transformation method with grafting, which allowed for gene manipulation in the rootstock. We validated our system by exploring salt tolerance mechanisms using a cucumber (Cucumis sativus)/pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) (scion/rootstock) graft in which the sodium transporter gene High-affinity K+ transporter1 (CmoHKT1;1) was edited in the pumpkin rootstock, and by overexpressing the pumpkin tonoplast Na+/H+ antiporte...
2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Smart Technologies (ICETST), 2020
In the current technologically advanced era, everyone desires and strive for contentment, ease an... more In the current technologically advanced era, everyone desires and strive for contentment, ease and comfort. An efficient, user friendly, operational cost friendly and cost efficient entity following automated suitcase is proposed to facilitate and provide comfort to frequent travellers. The proposed system consists of Arduino microcontroller board, ultrasonic sensor, dc motors and smartphone. The smart phone communicates with suitcase over Bluetooth medium to control its speed and movement directions (Forward, Left, Right and Stop) in accordance to its user. The smart phone uses accelerometer and magnetometer sensors for speed and user's movements computations to provide a cost effective solution. The proposed system has been tested and validated for a variety of real life scenarios (both indoor and outdoor) and has achieved accuracy of 90.8%.
2019 8th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICICT), 2019
As population increases rapidly with the passage of time due to which waste production is also in... more As population increases rapidly with the passage of time due to which waste production is also increasing which badly effects the environment. All wastes cannot be decomposed and may produce bad smell and methane gas, increasing land and water pollution. Hence serious waste management is required. Concerned authorities face numerous problems while collecting waste like continuous checking of trash bins status (empty or full) to remove all waste at appropriate time. Existing manual systems of waste management are more costly and require more human resources This research proposes a solution for the sustainability of waste management. The system is divided into two parts: 1) Intelligent Trash Bin (ITB) and 2) Efficiency optimization for trash Collection. ITB is an IoT based automated trash bin which sends notification autonomously to the concerned authority, when it gets filled or fire is detected in it. Android application is used to receive notification from server and waste collect...
Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 2020
Naegleriasis also known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fulminant brain infecti... more Naegleriasis also known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fulminant brain infection is caused by a single-celled, ameboflagellate known as Naegleria fowleri. Naegleria fowleri has been difficult to eradicate since its growth is typically found in bodies of warm freshwater, unchlorinated, piped water, swimming pools and moist soil. This letter focuses on characteristics and route of spread of infection caused by Naegleria Fowleri and preventative measures that can be taken to limit its spread. A thorough literature review was performed to identify different route of spread of Naegleria Fowleri infection and specific measures that should be taken to limit its spread. We found that Naegleria follows a nasal route of infection, migrating along the olfactory nerve, through the cribriform plate into the brain where it evokes a substantial immune response causing a widespread inflammation, hemorrhage and necrosis eventually leading to death. The at-risk population includes ...
Datacenters running on-line, data-intensive applications (OLDIs) consume significant amounts of e... more Datacenters running on-line, data-intensive applications (OLDIs) consume significant amounts of energy. However, reducing their energy is challenging due to their tight response time requirements. A key aspect of OLDIs is that each user query goes to all or many of the nodes in the cluster, so that the overall time budget is dictated by the tail of the replies' latency distribution; replies see latency variations both in the network and compute. Previous work proposes to achieve load-proportional energy by slowing down the computation at lower datacenter loads based directly on response times (i.e., at lower loads, the proposal exploits the average slack in the time budget provisioned for the peak load). In contrast, we propose TimeTrader to reduce energy by exploiting the latency slack in the sub- critical replies which arrive before the deadline (e.g., 80% of replies are 3-4x faster than the tail). This slack is present at all loads and subsumes the previous work's load-re...
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by abnormal heart rhythm. Among other well-known associ... more Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by abnormal heart rhythm. Among other well-known associations, recent studies suggest an association of AF with height. Height is related to 50 diseases spanning different body systems, AF is one of them. Since AF, a heterogeneous disease process, is influenced by structural, neural, electrical, and hemodynamic factors, height alters this process through its contribution to increasing atrial and ventricular size, leading to altered conduction patterns, autonomic dysregulation, and development of AF. Multiple underlying mechanisms associate height with AF. Apart from these indirect mechanisms, genome-wide association studies suggest the involvement of the same genes in AF and growth pathways. Tall stature is independently associated with a higher risk of AF development in healthy individuals. Since adult height is achieved much earlier than the onset of AF, protective measures can be taken in individuals with increased height to monitor, mana...
2021 4th International Conference on Energy Conservation and Efficiency (ICECE)
In this study preparation and characterization of four biomass pellets i.e. bamboo leaf, mustard ... more In this study preparation and characterization of four biomass pellets i.e. bamboo leaf, mustard straw, rice husk and wood mix were carried out with cow dung that is considered to be a potential binder to improve the physicochemical properties of pellets. Initially the samples were dried at 105°C to remove moisture content up to 15% and then pellets were prepared using biomass and cow dung in 1:1. The samples were characterized using FT-IR, compressive strength and TGA analysis during which their compositional, mechanical, thermal and physicochemical properties were analyzed. The energy density of biomass pellets was also calculated. Bamboo leaf being the promising candidate exhibited improved properties compared to other biomass pellets with maximum compressive strength of 11.6MPa and energy density of 19434.8 MJ/m3 along with enhanced structural properties. Whereas wood mix indicated the least compressive strength i.e. 3.73MPa but highest energy density i.e. 20456.5 MJ/m3 and good thermal characteristics. The lignin content present in cow dung is one of the main sources that makes it good biofuel. The experimental results revealed that cow dung is a most suitable binder as it is abundantly available and also increases the durability of biomass pellets comparative to other binders used in different studies.
Tetraena mandavillei L.is a perennial shrub native to the Middle Eastern countries of Asia, that ... more Tetraena mandavillei L.is a perennial shrub native to the Middle Eastern countries of Asia, that is extensively regarded as a drought-tolerant plant. However, the plant reduces growth and biomass when grown in high concentrations of sodium chloride in the soil. We conducted a pot experiment to influence the negative impact of different levels of salinity (0, 10 and 20 dSm-1 ) and drought stress (100, 80, 60 and 40% water field capacity), to study different growth-related parameters, physiological alterations and ion uptake by T. mandavillei. Both salinity and drought stress caused a negative impact by affecting several attributes of T. mandavillei, but the plants showed some resistance against drought stress conditions in terms of growth and biomass. In addition to that, we noticed that a combinatorial and individual impact of drought and salinity stress decreased photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange parameters in T. mandavillei. Results also depicted that the combination of the abiotic stress conditions drought and salinity induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicating that the plants undergo oxidative damaged. However, due to the active plant defence system, the plant enhanced its performance under abiotic stress conditions, but due to the severe drought condition (40% water field capacity), a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the activities of antioxidant compounds was caused. Furthermore, osmolytes also increased under both salinity and drought stress conditions in this study. Our results also showed that increased salinity and drought stress in the soil caused a significant increase in sodium (Na+ ) and chloride (Cl- ) ions in roots and shoots of T. mandavillei. In contrast to that, the contents of Calcium (Ca2+ ) and potassium (K+ ) were decreased in all organs of the plants with increasing levels of salinity and drought stress. Taken together, T. mandavillei can be classified as a facultative halophyte with the ability to tolerate drought stress and using salt accumulation mechanisms to tolerate salinity stress. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Objectives: To determine the awareness and practices of medical and dental doctors in detecting a... more Objectives: To determine the awareness and practices of medical and dental doctors in detecting and reporting suspected cases of child physical abuse. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from November 2017 to June 2018 among medical and dental doctors practising in public and private hospitals across Pakistan. Using convienence sampling technique a structured questionnaire was administered. The questionnaire addresses knowledge of the social indicators of child physical abuse, response to child physical abuse, and actions taken by doctors when they believe a child abuse case has been decided. Descriptive analysis was done, and Chi-square test was used for the association of knowledge about child physical abuse and sex. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of total 575 doctors, 347 (60.3%) were males and 446 (77.6%) work in private hospitals. The majority of doctors 384 (66.8%) had <10 years of experience and only 99(17.2%) had receive...
Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has affected HCPs in multiple way. It has caused psychological im... more Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has affected HCPs in multiple way. It has caused psychological impact in form of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. In this study, we aim to study and compare the stress level, anxiety and depression among HCPs who are posted in special COVID-19 units with the HCPs who are not posted in COVID-19 units.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2020, at various hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan. All health care professionals (HCPs) were invited to participate. A total of 301 HCPs completed this study, who were divided into two groups; those who are posted in COVID-19 ward (Group A) and those who are not (Group B). Psychological Impact was English version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21).Results: In Group A, 70.5% had moderate, severe, or extremely severe depression compared to 49.2% in group B. In Group A, 75.4% had moderate, severe, or extremely severe anxiety compared to 44.7% in group B. In Group A, 80.3% had moderat...
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