Large amounts of {sup 36}Cl have been produced during the atmospheric test of nuclear weapons in ... more Large amounts of {sup 36}Cl have been produced during the atmospheric test of nuclear weapons in the late fifties and early sixties. During this time the {sup 36}Cl fallout was about three orders of magnitudes larger than during previous times. The well defined {sup 36}Cl pulse has a great potential for hydrological investigations, especially as a tracer for groundwater studies. Detailed measurements of bomb produced {sup 36}Cl were carried out earlier on ice cores from Dye-3 (Greenland). To adopt the {sup 36}Cl pulse measured in Greenland as an input function to other locations its latitude dependence has to be known. So far, atmospheric transport models and the measured distribution of {sup 90}Sr and {sup 137}Cs fallout are used to estimate the latitude dependence of meteoric and bomb produced {sup 36}Cl fallout. In this contribution, {sup 36}Cl measurements on an ice core from an Alpine Glacier (Fiescher Horn, Switzerland) are presented. The results are compared with earlier measurements from a Greenland ice core and implications for the global {sup 36}Cl transport are discussed.
The Sun sporadically produces eruptive events leading to intense fluxes of solar energetic partic... more The Sun sporadically produces eruptive events leading to intense fluxes of solar energetic particles (SEPs) that dramatically disrupt the near-Earth radiation environment. Such events are directly studied for the last decades but little is known about the occurrence and magnitude of rare, extreme SEP events. Presently, a few events that produced measurable signals in cosmogenic radionuclides such as 14C, 10Be and 36Cl have been found. Analyzing annual 14C concentrations in tree-rings from Switzerland, Germany, Ireland, Russia, and the USA we discovered two spikes in atmospheric 14C corresponding to 7176 and 5259 BCE. The ~ 2% increases of atmospheric 14C recorded for both events exceed all previously known 14C peaks but after correction for the geomagnetic field, they are comparable to the largest event of this type discovered so far at 775 CE. These strong events serve as accurate time markers for the synchronization with floating tree-ring and ice core records and provide critical...
The 36 Cl content in water taken from the Upper Cretaceous in the Gdansk area has been measured u... more The 36 Cl content in water taken from the Upper Cretaceous in the Gdansk area has been measured using the technique of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The results are in most cases, in agreement with other isotopic data as well as with available hydrochemical and hydrogeological information. It is supposed that beside cosmogenic 36 Cl, produced in situ, 36 Cl plays a certain role in the area of the Vistula Delta Plain, where deep fractures enable hydraulic connections of the Cretaceous aquifer with the uranium-bearing Triassic series. North of Gdansk the atmosphere or surface origin of 36 Cl is unquestionable.
Isotopic studies of lead white are gaining much interest in heritage science, as they can provide... more Isotopic studies of lead white are gaining much interest in heritage science, as they can provide insight into a material's age and provenance.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 1996
... On the dyeing of ion tracks in polymers. D. Fink a , WH Chung a , R. Klett a , M. Döbeli b , ... more ... On the dyeing of ion tracks in polymers. D. Fink a , WH Chung a , R. Klett a , M. Döbeli b , HA Synal b , LT Chadderton c , L. Wang d. a, Hahn-Meitner-Institut GmhH, Glienicker Str 100 D-14109 Berlin Germany. b, Paul-Scherrer Institut, TH Hönggerberg CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland ...
An ice core record from the Guliya ice cap on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides evidence of re... more An ice core record from the Guliya ice cap on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides evidence of regional climatic conditions over the last glacial cycle. 36 Cl data suggest that the deepest 20 meters of the core may be more than 500,000 years old. The δ 18 O change across Termination I is ∼5.4 per mil, similar to that in the Huascarán (Peru) and polar ice cores. Three Guliya interstadials (Stages 3, 5a, and 5c) are marked by increases in δ 18 O values similar to that of the Holocene and Eemian (∼124,000 years ago). The similarity of this pattern to that of CH 4 records from polar ice cores indicates that global CH 4 levels and the tropical hydrological cycle are linked. The Late Glacial Stage record contains numerous 200-year oscillations in δ 18 O values and in dust, NH 4 + , and NO 3 − levels.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 1996
A new attempt has been made at the Zurich AMS facility for absolute measurements of isotopic rati... more A new attempt has been made at the Zurich AMS facility for absolute measurements of isotopic ratios in connection with a project for the determination of the half-life of 126Sn [P. Haas et al., this issue, following paper]. A 126SnSn ratio of (9.23 ± 0.87) × 10−6 was measured in material extracted from spent fuel rods of a nuclear power
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 1996
The half-life of the long-lived fission product 126Sn has been determined through a specific acti... more The half-life of the long-lived fission product 126Sn has been determined through a specific activity measurement to be (2.07 ± 0.21) × 105 a. The measurement was performed with 126Sn material extracted from spent fuel rods of a nuclear power reactor. The activity concentration in this material was measured to be 4.97 ± 0.15 Bq 126Snmg Sn>. The half-life was
Large amounts of {sup 36}Cl have been produced during the atmospheric test of nuclear weapons in ... more Large amounts of {sup 36}Cl have been produced during the atmospheric test of nuclear weapons in the late fifties and early sixties. During this time the {sup 36}Cl fallout was about three orders of magnitudes larger than during previous times. The well defined {sup 36}Cl pulse has a great potential for hydrological investigations, especially as a tracer for groundwater studies. Detailed measurements of bomb produced {sup 36}Cl were carried out earlier on ice cores from Dye-3 (Greenland). To adopt the {sup 36}Cl pulse measured in Greenland as an input function to other locations its latitude dependence has to be known. So far, atmospheric transport models and the measured distribution of {sup 90}Sr and {sup 137}Cs fallout are used to estimate the latitude dependence of meteoric and bomb produced {sup 36}Cl fallout. In this contribution, {sup 36}Cl measurements on an ice core from an Alpine Glacier (Fiescher Horn, Switzerland) are presented. The results are compared with earlier measurements from a Greenland ice core and implications for the global {sup 36}Cl transport are discussed.
The Sun sporadically produces eruptive events leading to intense fluxes of solar energetic partic... more The Sun sporadically produces eruptive events leading to intense fluxes of solar energetic particles (SEPs) that dramatically disrupt the near-Earth radiation environment. Such events are directly studied for the last decades but little is known about the occurrence and magnitude of rare, extreme SEP events. Presently, a few events that produced measurable signals in cosmogenic radionuclides such as 14C, 10Be and 36Cl have been found. Analyzing annual 14C concentrations in tree-rings from Switzerland, Germany, Ireland, Russia, and the USA we discovered two spikes in atmospheric 14C corresponding to 7176 and 5259 BCE. The ~ 2% increases of atmospheric 14C recorded for both events exceed all previously known 14C peaks but after correction for the geomagnetic field, they are comparable to the largest event of this type discovered so far at 775 CE. These strong events serve as accurate time markers for the synchronization with floating tree-ring and ice core records and provide critical...
The 36 Cl content in water taken from the Upper Cretaceous in the Gdansk area has been measured u... more The 36 Cl content in water taken from the Upper Cretaceous in the Gdansk area has been measured using the technique of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The results are in most cases, in agreement with other isotopic data as well as with available hydrochemical and hydrogeological information. It is supposed that beside cosmogenic 36 Cl, produced in situ, 36 Cl plays a certain role in the area of the Vistula Delta Plain, where deep fractures enable hydraulic connections of the Cretaceous aquifer with the uranium-bearing Triassic series. North of Gdansk the atmosphere or surface origin of 36 Cl is unquestionable.
Isotopic studies of lead white are gaining much interest in heritage science, as they can provide... more Isotopic studies of lead white are gaining much interest in heritage science, as they can provide insight into a material's age and provenance.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 1996
... On the dyeing of ion tracks in polymers. D. Fink a , WH Chung a , R. Klett a , M. Döbeli b , ... more ... On the dyeing of ion tracks in polymers. D. Fink a , WH Chung a , R. Klett a , M. Döbeli b , HA Synal b , LT Chadderton c , L. Wang d. a, Hahn-Meitner-Institut GmhH, Glienicker Str 100 D-14109 Berlin Germany. b, Paul-Scherrer Institut, TH Hönggerberg CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland ...
An ice core record from the Guliya ice cap on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides evidence of re... more An ice core record from the Guliya ice cap on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides evidence of regional climatic conditions over the last glacial cycle. 36 Cl data suggest that the deepest 20 meters of the core may be more than 500,000 years old. The δ 18 O change across Termination I is ∼5.4 per mil, similar to that in the Huascarán (Peru) and polar ice cores. Three Guliya interstadials (Stages 3, 5a, and 5c) are marked by increases in δ 18 O values similar to that of the Holocene and Eemian (∼124,000 years ago). The similarity of this pattern to that of CH 4 records from polar ice cores indicates that global CH 4 levels and the tropical hydrological cycle are linked. The Late Glacial Stage record contains numerous 200-year oscillations in δ 18 O values and in dust, NH 4 + , and NO 3 − levels.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 1996
A new attempt has been made at the Zurich AMS facility for absolute measurements of isotopic rati... more A new attempt has been made at the Zurich AMS facility for absolute measurements of isotopic ratios in connection with a project for the determination of the half-life of 126Sn [P. Haas et al., this issue, following paper]. A 126SnSn ratio of (9.23 ± 0.87) × 10−6 was measured in material extracted from spent fuel rods of a nuclear power
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 1996
The half-life of the long-lived fission product 126Sn has been determined through a specific acti... more The half-life of the long-lived fission product 126Sn has been determined through a specific activity measurement to be (2.07 ± 0.21) × 105 a. The measurement was performed with 126Sn material extracted from spent fuel rods of a nuclear power reactor. The activity concentration in this material was measured to be 4.97 ± 0.15 Bq 126Snmg Sn>. The half-life was
Uploads
Papers by Hans-arno Synal