- Caste system in India has killed the spirit of Equality, Liberty, Freedom and Fraternity which have been the noble principles of classical western Christian philosophers Hegel, Rousseau, J.S.Mill, Immanuel Kant and John Rawls.... more
- Caste system in India has killed the spirit of Equality, Liberty, Freedom and Fraternity
which have been the noble principles of classical western Christian philosophers Hegel, Rousseau, J.S.Mill,
Immanuel Kant and John Rawls. Historically caste system and its uncivilized practices that are sponsored
and conceived by Hindu Religion have at stake for the last 6000 years. Article is an eye opener to know the
oppression of Hindu sponsored caste system in India.
which have been the noble principles of classical western Christian philosophers Hegel, Rousseau, J.S.Mill,
Immanuel Kant and John Rawls. Historically caste system and its uncivilized practices that are sponsored
and conceived by Hindu Religion have at stake for the last 6000 years. Article is an eye opener to know the
oppression of Hindu sponsored caste system in India.
Steganography is the art of passing information in a manner that the very existence of the message is unknown. Steganography is a method of hiding secret messages in a cover object while communication takes place between sender and... more
Steganography is the art of passing information in a manner that the very existence of
the message is unknown. Steganography is a method of hiding secret messages in a cover object while
communication takes place between sender and receiver. Security of confidential information has always
been a major issue from the past times to the present time. It has always been the interested topic for
researchers to develop secure techniques to send data without revealing it to anyone other than the
receiver. Therefore from time to time researchers have developed many techniques to fulfill secure
transfer of data and Steganography is one of them. In this paper we have proposed a new technique of
image Steganography i.e. Steganography is applied on image edges with RSA algorithm for providing
more security to data as well as our data hiding method. The proposed technique uses an ELSB (Edge
based least significant bit) technique to generate a pattern for hiding data bits into ELSB of RGB pixel
values of the cover image. This technique makes sure that the message has been encrypted before hiding
it into a cover image. If in any case the cipher text got revealed from the cover image, the intermediate
person other than receiver can't access the message as it is in encrypted form. Objective is not only to
prevent the message being read but also to hide its existence. In this paper, canny arithmetic operator has
been proved to have good detective effect in the common usage of edge detection. In the algorithm, selfadaptive
filter is used to replace the Gaussian filter, morphological thinning is adopted to thin the edge
and morphological operator is used to achieved the refining treatment of edge points detection and the
single pixel level edge.
the message is unknown. Steganography is a method of hiding secret messages in a cover object while
communication takes place between sender and receiver. Security of confidential information has always
been a major issue from the past times to the present time. It has always been the interested topic for
researchers to develop secure techniques to send data without revealing it to anyone other than the
receiver. Therefore from time to time researchers have developed many techniques to fulfill secure
transfer of data and Steganography is one of them. In this paper we have proposed a new technique of
image Steganography i.e. Steganography is applied on image edges with RSA algorithm for providing
more security to data as well as our data hiding method. The proposed technique uses an ELSB (Edge
based least significant bit) technique to generate a pattern for hiding data bits into ELSB of RGB pixel
values of the cover image. This technique makes sure that the message has been encrypted before hiding
it into a cover image. If in any case the cipher text got revealed from the cover image, the intermediate
person other than receiver can't access the message as it is in encrypted form. Objective is not only to
prevent the message being read but also to hide its existence. In this paper, canny arithmetic operator has
been proved to have good detective effect in the common usage of edge detection. In the algorithm, selfadaptive
filter is used to replace the Gaussian filter, morphological thinning is adopted to thin the edge
and morphological operator is used to achieved the refining treatment of edge points detection and the
single pixel level edge.
In this Paper we have focused on different area of the research in which data mining play very important role. This includes data mining techniques and function which are used in real life to resolve many problems. In this review paper we... more
In this Paper we have focused on different area of the research in which data mining play
very important role. This includes data mining techniques and function which are used in real life to
resolve many problems. In this review paper we have discuss about some field like medical ,education,
banking, marketing in which we use data mining techniques and algorithm for organization profit.
very important role. This includes data mining techniques and function which are used in real life to
resolve many problems. In this review paper we have discuss about some field like medical ,education,
banking, marketing in which we use data mining techniques and algorithm for organization profit.
Micro Satellites are helpful in identifying several diseases in early stages and disorders in the human based on his/her genome. Micro Satellites extraction became more crucial in the modern world. Several Micro Satellite Extractors exist... more
Micro Satellites are helpful in identifying several diseases in early stages and disorders in
the human based on his/her genome. Micro Satellites extraction became more crucial in the modern world.
Several Micro Satellite Extractors exist and they fail to extract microsatellites on large data sets of giga
bytes and tera bytes in size. This “„X‟ Chromosomal Miner” tool can extract both Perfect as well as
Imperfect Microsatellites from large data sets of human genome „X‟.
the human based on his/her genome. Micro Satellites extraction became more crucial in the modern world.
Several Micro Satellite Extractors exist and they fail to extract microsatellites on large data sets of giga
bytes and tera bytes in size. This “„X‟ Chromosomal Miner” tool can extract both Perfect as well as
Imperfect Microsatellites from large data sets of human genome „X‟.
Digital images are much more pervasive than they were a number of years ago, causing in the critical need for the exploration of images, such as object recognition, image searching, indexing, and categorization. For some applications,... more
Digital images are much more pervasive than they were a number of years ago, causing in
the critical need for the exploration of images, such as object recognition, image searching, indexing, and
categorization. For some applications, such as image recognition or compression, we cannot process the
whole image directly for the reason that it is inefficient and unpractical. As a very vital step for these high
level image exploration tasks, image segmentation is a pre-processing process to group image pixels into
some sizable homogeneous regions so that the complexity of further analysis can be substantially reduced.
Therefore, several image segmentation algorithms were proposed to segment an image before recognition
or compression. This paper outlines an awareness to hinge on the tedious arrangements in a homogeneous
area based on the histogram of positions of image gradients and link of two regions can be done with the
color feature. Over-segmentation problem can be meritoriously eluded by creating the comparison matrix.
the critical need for the exploration of images, such as object recognition, image searching, indexing, and
categorization. For some applications, such as image recognition or compression, we cannot process the
whole image directly for the reason that it is inefficient and unpractical. As a very vital step for these high
level image exploration tasks, image segmentation is a pre-processing process to group image pixels into
some sizable homogeneous regions so that the complexity of further analysis can be substantially reduced.
Therefore, several image segmentation algorithms were proposed to segment an image before recognition
or compression. This paper outlines an awareness to hinge on the tedious arrangements in a homogeneous
area based on the histogram of positions of image gradients and link of two regions can be done with the
color feature. Over-segmentation problem can be meritoriously eluded by creating the comparison matrix.
Network security is one of the major concerns of the modern era. With the rapid development and massive usage of internet over the past decade, the vulnerabilities of network security have become an important issue. We introduce a new... more
Network security is one of the major concerns of the modern era. With the rapid
development and massive usage of internet over the past decade, the vulnerabilities of network security
have become an important issue. We introduce a new machine-learning-based data classification algorithm
that is applied to network intrusion detection. The basic task is to classify network activities (in the
network log as connection records) as normal or abnormal while minimizing misclassification. Although
different classification models have been developed for network intrusion detection, each of them has its
strengths and weaknesses, including the most commonly applied Support Vector Machine (SVM) method
and the Clustering based on Self-Organized Ant Colony Network (CSOACN). Our new approach
combines the SVM method with CSOACNs to take the advantages of both while avoiding their
weaknesses. Our algorithm is implemented and evaluated using a standard benchmark KDD99 data set.
Experiments show that CSVAC (Combining Support Vectors with Ant Colony) outperforms SVM alone or
CSOACN alone in terms of both classification rate and run-time efficiency.
development and massive usage of internet over the past decade, the vulnerabilities of network security
have become an important issue. We introduce a new machine-learning-based data classification algorithm
that is applied to network intrusion detection. The basic task is to classify network activities (in the
network log as connection records) as normal or abnormal while minimizing misclassification. Although
different classification models have been developed for network intrusion detection, each of them has its
strengths and weaknesses, including the most commonly applied Support Vector Machine (SVM) method
and the Clustering based on Self-Organized Ant Colony Network (CSOACN). Our new approach
combines the SVM method with CSOACNs to take the advantages of both while avoiding their
weaknesses. Our algorithm is implemented and evaluated using a standard benchmark KDD99 data set.
Experiments show that CSVAC (Combining Support Vectors with Ant Colony) outperforms SVM alone or
CSOACN alone in terms of both classification rate and run-time efficiency.
Gas turbine’s compactness, high power to weight ratio and ease of installation has made them a popular prime mover. Ambient temperature and turbine inlet temperature are effect the power output and efficiency of the turbine. In this study... more
Gas turbine’s compactness, high power to weight ratio and ease of installation has made
them a popular prime mover. Ambient temperature and turbine inlet temperature are effect the power output
and efficiency of the turbine. In this study a cooled blade basic gas turbine cycle power plant have been
consider and analyzed the effect of three ambient conditions hot day condition, winter day condition ,and
rainy day condition (HDC, WDC & RDC) on efficiency ,power output, specific fuel consumption and mass
flow rate of coolant .Ambient conditions have been considered , central zone of India.
them a popular prime mover. Ambient temperature and turbine inlet temperature are effect the power output
and efficiency of the turbine. In this study a cooled blade basic gas turbine cycle power plant have been
consider and analyzed the effect of three ambient conditions hot day condition, winter day condition ,and
rainy day condition (HDC, WDC & RDC) on efficiency ,power output, specific fuel consumption and mass
flow rate of coolant .Ambient conditions have been considered , central zone of India.
This work reports the ionic conductivity of polymer films of tapioca / 1,4,polyphenylene ether ether sulfone(PPES), with lithium based salt and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as fillers which were prepared by solvent casting... more
This work reports the ionic conductivity of polymer films of tapioca / 1,4,polyphenylene
ether ether sulfone(PPES), with lithium based salt and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as fillers
which were prepared by solvent casting technique. The ionic conductivity of the films is studied at room
temperature using ac impedance spectroscopic technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR and SEM studies
have been made to investigate the structural, complexation and variation in film morphology of the polymer
electrolyte. The thermal of the films have been studied by TG/DTA
ether ether sulfone(PPES), with lithium based salt and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as fillers
which were prepared by solvent casting technique. The ionic conductivity of the films is studied at room
temperature using ac impedance spectroscopic technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR and SEM studies
have been made to investigate the structural, complexation and variation in film morphology of the polymer
electrolyte. The thermal of the films have been studied by TG/DTA
The main objective of the paper is to investigate the magneto hydrodynamic flow version of the Rayleigh problem including Hall effect and Rotation in the presence of Heat transfer. Analytical solution has been found depending on the... more
The main objective of the paper is to investigate the magneto hydrodynamic flow version of
the Rayleigh problem including Hall effect and Rotation in the presence of Heat transfer. Analytical
solution has been found depending on the physical parameters including the Hall parameter
N ,
Hartmann
number
M , Grashof number
Gr , Prandtl number
Pr
and the Rotation parameter
2 K
. The influence of
these parameters on velocity profiles and temperature profiles are demonstrated graphically and the results
are discussed. Further, it is observed that increase in the Hall parameter and Rotation parameter leads to
decrease in the velocity profiles. It is also found that the increase of Grashof number results in the decrease
of primary flow and increase of secondary flows.
the Rayleigh problem including Hall effect and Rotation in the presence of Heat transfer. Analytical
solution has been found depending on the physical parameters including the Hall parameter
N ,
Hartmann
number
M , Grashof number
Gr , Prandtl number
Pr
and the Rotation parameter
2 K
. The influence of
these parameters on velocity profiles and temperature profiles are demonstrated graphically and the results
are discussed. Further, it is observed that increase in the Hall parameter and Rotation parameter leads to
decrease in the velocity profiles. It is also found that the increase of Grashof number results in the decrease
of primary flow and increase of secondary flows.
This paper presents a method to convert the Meteorological tabulated data into an analytical expression in which it can be used in engineering application. The paper uses a Fourier series technique to convert the solar radiation variation... more
This paper presents a method to convert the Meteorological tabulated data into an
analytical expression in which it can be used in engineering application.
The paper uses a Fourier series technique to convert the solar radiation variation during the day for clear
days and for a beclouded intermittent days to predict an analytical expression for solar radiation at any time
of that day by finding the weights for both (an & bn) parameters for Fourier series upto (n =10).
It is found an encouraged result that will help the researchers to use Fourier series to convert any tabulated
data into an analytical expression which gives a useful indication for using such method in solar
applications
analytical expression in which it can be used in engineering application.
The paper uses a Fourier series technique to convert the solar radiation variation during the day for clear
days and for a beclouded intermittent days to predict an analytical expression for solar radiation at any time
of that day by finding the weights for both (an & bn) parameters for Fourier series upto (n =10).
It is found an encouraged result that will help the researchers to use Fourier series to convert any tabulated
data into an analytical expression which gives a useful indication for using such method in solar
applications
Metal-matrix composites have been attracting growing interest in these days. MMC is engineered combination of matrix and reinforcement to get tailored properties. MMCs are routinely included as candidate materials for primary and... more
Metal-matrix composites have been attracting growing interest in these days. MMC is
engineered combination of matrix and reinforcement to get tailored properties. MMCs are routinely
included as candidate materials for primary and secondary structural applications. One of the major
challenges when processing MMCs is achieving a homogeneous distribution of reinforcement in the matrix
as it has a strong impact on the properties of the material. In this paper the effect of stirrer parameter of
stir casting is investigated. Also the significance of each stirrer blade is found by testing the specimen. The
microstructure of the composite was examined by optical microscope. The ultimate tensile strength and
elongation of the specimen is noted. The brinell hardness test was performed on different specimens and
evaluation is done. The Stir casting method was chosen as the casting process due to its simplicity,
flexibility and applicability. For this aluminium alloy (LM6) was selected while silicon carbide as
reinforcement.
engineered combination of matrix and reinforcement to get tailored properties. MMCs are routinely
included as candidate materials for primary and secondary structural applications. One of the major
challenges when processing MMCs is achieving a homogeneous distribution of reinforcement in the matrix
as it has a strong impact on the properties of the material. In this paper the effect of stirrer parameter of
stir casting is investigated. Also the significance of each stirrer blade is found by testing the specimen. The
microstructure of the composite was examined by optical microscope. The ultimate tensile strength and
elongation of the specimen is noted. The brinell hardness test was performed on different specimens and
evaluation is done. The Stir casting method was chosen as the casting process due to its simplicity,
flexibility and applicability. For this aluminium alloy (LM6) was selected while silicon carbide as
reinforcement.
The main objective of this study is to investigate the use of waste fiber materials in geotechnical applications and to evaluate the effects of waste polypropylene fibers on shear strength of unsaturated soil by carrying out direct shear... more
The main objective of this study is to investigate the use of waste fiber materials in
geotechnical applications and to evaluate the effects of waste polypropylene fibers on shear strength of
unsaturated soil by carrying out direct shear tests and unconfined compression tests on two different soil
samples. The results obtained are compared for the two samples and inferences are drawn towards the
usability and effectiveness of fiber reinforcement as a replacement for deep foundation or raft foundation,
as a cost effective approach.
geotechnical applications and to evaluate the effects of waste polypropylene fibers on shear strength of
unsaturated soil by carrying out direct shear tests and unconfined compression tests on two different soil
samples. The results obtained are compared for the two samples and inferences are drawn towards the
usability and effectiveness of fiber reinforcement as a replacement for deep foundation or raft foundation,
as a cost effective approach.
The use of Digital Signal Processing has always been a field of research in the Electronics & Communication Engineering, and specially in the field of Speech & Audio Processing we can always see much of the research work and showing... more
The use of Digital Signal Processing has always been a field of research in the Electronics
& Communication Engineering, and specially in the field of Speech & Audio Processing we can always see
much of the research work and showing promising result with the use of Fast Fourier Algorithm in the
relevant work. FFT is used in the process to analyze the response of speech in different filters using
windows. Windowing is used to minimize the effect leakage and reduce the noise level. Many different
windows have been proposed over time each with its own advantages & disadvantages relative to the
others. Some are more effective for specific type of signals, types such as random or sinusoidal. In the
following work we have represented the use of different types of windows to filter speech signal consisting
of speech data and noise. Windows restrict the leakage and obtain the amplitude and frequency spectrum
plot using Rectangular, Hamming & Hanning windows for Band pass filters.The result obtained shows
significant reduction in noise level in speech signal using Band pass filter. Furthermore, it can be seen that
the band pass filter in itself gives best result with Hamming window.
& Communication Engineering, and specially in the field of Speech & Audio Processing we can always see
much of the research work and showing promising result with the use of Fast Fourier Algorithm in the
relevant work. FFT is used in the process to analyze the response of speech in different filters using
windows. Windowing is used to minimize the effect leakage and reduce the noise level. Many different
windows have been proposed over time each with its own advantages & disadvantages relative to the
others. Some are more effective for specific type of signals, types such as random or sinusoidal. In the
following work we have represented the use of different types of windows to filter speech signal consisting
of speech data and noise. Windows restrict the leakage and obtain the amplitude and frequency spectrum
plot using Rectangular, Hamming & Hanning windows for Band pass filters.The result obtained shows
significant reduction in noise level in speech signal using Band pass filter. Furthermore, it can be seen that
the band pass filter in itself gives best result with Hamming window.
Corrosion is an everyday challenge in all sectors of the economy particularly the manufacturing industry and this has led to massive economic loss. The aim of this research is to produce an eco-friendly inhibitor from cashew waste fruit.... more
Corrosion is an everyday challenge in all sectors of the economy particularly the
manufacturing industry and this has led to massive economic loss. The aim of this research is to produce
an eco-friendly inhibitor from cashew waste fruit. Cashew waste fruits collected were cleaned, washed,
dried and pulverized. Mild carbon steel with thickness 0.1 cm was used and coupons of dimensions 4 x 5 x
0.1 cm. The cashew waste extract produced was used as a corrosion inhibitor on mild carbon steel in 0.1M
hydrochloric acid. It was observed that as the concentration of inhibitor increases, the inhibitor efficiency
also increases. The optimum inhibition efficiency observed in hydrochloric acid was 80.5%. After 336
hours of test, it was concluded that cashew waste is an efficient corrosion inhibitor as this will reduced the
importation cost, increase the gross domestic product (GDP) of the nation and make the environment free
of toxic chemical inhibitor.
manufacturing industry and this has led to massive economic loss. The aim of this research is to produce
an eco-friendly inhibitor from cashew waste fruit. Cashew waste fruits collected were cleaned, washed,
dried and pulverized. Mild carbon steel with thickness 0.1 cm was used and coupons of dimensions 4 x 5 x
0.1 cm. The cashew waste extract produced was used as a corrosion inhibitor on mild carbon steel in 0.1M
hydrochloric acid. It was observed that as the concentration of inhibitor increases, the inhibitor efficiency
also increases. The optimum inhibition efficiency observed in hydrochloric acid was 80.5%. After 336
hours of test, it was concluded that cashew waste is an efficient corrosion inhibitor as this will reduced the
importation cost, increase the gross domestic product (GDP) of the nation and make the environment free
of toxic chemical inhibitor.
The dynamics of two ecologically independent species which are being harvested with variable effort have been discussed. The dynamics of effort is considered separately. The local and global dynamics of the system is studied. The... more
The dynamics of two ecologically independent species which are being harvested with
variable effort have been discussed. The dynamics of effort is considered separately. The local and global
dynamics of the system is studied. The existence of Hopf bifurcation with respect to the total cost of fishing
is investigated. The co-existence of species in the form of stable equilibrium point and limit cycle is
possible. The quasi-periodic behavior is also possible for some choices of parameters. An expression for
Optimum population level has been obtained.
variable effort have been discussed. The dynamics of effort is considered separately. The local and global
dynamics of the system is studied. The existence of Hopf bifurcation with respect to the total cost of fishing
is investigated. The co-existence of species in the form of stable equilibrium point and limit cycle is
possible. The quasi-periodic behavior is also possible for some choices of parameters. An expression for
Optimum population level has been obtained.
In this research paper, liquefaction susceptibility evaluation of the Hyderabad (in the vicinity of Raees Karan Khan Shoro Village) soil has been attempted using the simple assessment criteria (i.e. Chinese, Modified Chinese, and Bray’s... more
In this research paper, liquefaction susceptibility evaluation of the Hyderabad (in the
vicinity of Raees Karan Khan Shoro Village) soil has been attempted using the simple assessment criteria
(i.e. Chinese, Modified Chinese, and Bray’s Criteria). The study involves assessment of earthquake-induced
liquefaction potential using simple assessment criteria, wherein ordinary engineering properties of soil
were utilised following the laboratory tests to ascertain the liquefaction susceptibility of the subject soil.
The research thus conducted,showed that the subject soil was significantly liquefaction prone and will
require soil improvement measures for it to be utilised as a ground for any engineering construction
project.
vicinity of Raees Karan Khan Shoro Village) soil has been attempted using the simple assessment criteria
(i.e. Chinese, Modified Chinese, and Bray’s Criteria). The study involves assessment of earthquake-induced
liquefaction potential using simple assessment criteria, wherein ordinary engineering properties of soil
were utilised following the laboratory tests to ascertain the liquefaction susceptibility of the subject soil.
The research thus conducted,showed that the subject soil was significantly liquefaction prone and will
require soil improvement measures for it to be utilised as a ground for any engineering construction
project.
A rainfall – runoff model describes the relation between the rainfall and runoff for a particular catchment area. Rainfall–runoff modelling can be carried out within a purely analytical framework based on observations of the inputs to and... more
A rainfall – runoff model describes the relation between the rainfall and runoff for a
particular catchment area. Rainfall–runoff modelling can be carried out within a purely analytical
framework based on observations of the inputs to and outputs from a catchment area. The relationship
between rainfall in a period and the corresponding runoff is quite complex. The aim of this paper is to
develop Fuzzy Logic Model to estimate runoff for any amount of rainfall given for the area considered.
The area considered for the study is Devgadhbaria of Panam catchment area, Gujarat, India. The data
considered are for the months of June, July, August, September and October for 10 years, i.e. 1996 to
2005. The whole length of data is divided into two parts for training of model and for validation of the
model. In 70%-30%, data set where 70% data are used for training of the model and 30% data are used
for validation process and similarly for 60%-40% and 80%-20% data sets. The model operates on an ‗ifthen‘
principle, where the ‗if‘ is a vector of fuzzy premises and the ‗then‘ is a vector of fuzzy
consequences. Three Fuzzy Logic Models i.e., FL Model 1, FL Model 2 and FL Model 3 have been
developed considering data set of 70%-30%, data set of 60%-40% and data set of 80%-20% respectively.
All Fuzzy Logic Model developed with nine numbers of linguistic variables for each input and output. The
best Fuzzy Logic Model has been analysed on basis of various performance indices, i.e., the Root Mean
Square Error and Co-efficient of determination. Among all three models, the best Fuzzy Logic model is
Fuzzy Logic (FL) Model 2 with the RMSE of 3.42 mm by training and 4.55 mm by validation of the model,
and co-efficient of determination by training of the model is 0.9954 and by validation of the model is
0.9921 which are nearer to 1, which may be used for prediction of future runoff for the area considered
under study for any amount of rainfall given. The threshold rainfall has been determined for the area
considered under study, which is 27 mm. So it gives a fair idea of the minimum amount of rainfall
required for runoff generation in Devgadhbaria of Panam catchment area
particular catchment area. Rainfall–runoff modelling can be carried out within a purely analytical
framework based on observations of the inputs to and outputs from a catchment area. The relationship
between rainfall in a period and the corresponding runoff is quite complex. The aim of this paper is to
develop Fuzzy Logic Model to estimate runoff for any amount of rainfall given for the area considered.
The area considered for the study is Devgadhbaria of Panam catchment area, Gujarat, India. The data
considered are for the months of June, July, August, September and October for 10 years, i.e. 1996 to
2005. The whole length of data is divided into two parts for training of model and for validation of the
model. In 70%-30%, data set where 70% data are used for training of the model and 30% data are used
for validation process and similarly for 60%-40% and 80%-20% data sets. The model operates on an ‗ifthen‘
principle, where the ‗if‘ is a vector of fuzzy premises and the ‗then‘ is a vector of fuzzy
consequences. Three Fuzzy Logic Models i.e., FL Model 1, FL Model 2 and FL Model 3 have been
developed considering data set of 70%-30%, data set of 60%-40% and data set of 80%-20% respectively.
All Fuzzy Logic Model developed with nine numbers of linguistic variables for each input and output. The
best Fuzzy Logic Model has been analysed on basis of various performance indices, i.e., the Root Mean
Square Error and Co-efficient of determination. Among all three models, the best Fuzzy Logic model is
Fuzzy Logic (FL) Model 2 with the RMSE of 3.42 mm by training and 4.55 mm by validation of the model,
and co-efficient of determination by training of the model is 0.9954 and by validation of the model is
0.9921 which are nearer to 1, which may be used for prediction of future runoff for the area considered
under study for any amount of rainfall given. The threshold rainfall has been determined for the area
considered under study, which is 27 mm. So it gives a fair idea of the minimum amount of rainfall
required for runoff generation in Devgadhbaria of Panam catchment area
This paper describes a 2D game named as “SPACE BALL” which is a mini game implemented using Java Language and Real Life Physics. This game involves a space scenario and a ball bouncing on surface with fire. The game has been designed to... more
This paper describes a 2D game named as “SPACE BALL” which is a mini game
implemented using Java Language and Real Life Physics. This game involves a space scenario and a ball
bouncing on surface with fire. The game has been designed to be played on Internet. The game appears as a
Java Applet on the Web Page. An Applet is a small Internet-based program written in Java. The paper also
describes the basic concepts of Physics used in implementing this game. The game is based on the Principle
of Collision of a ball with a surface
implemented using Java Language and Real Life Physics. This game involves a space scenario and a ball
bouncing on surface with fire. The game has been designed to be played on Internet. The game appears as a
Java Applet on the Web Page. An Applet is a small Internet-based program written in Java. The paper also
describes the basic concepts of Physics used in implementing this game. The game is based on the Principle
of Collision of a ball with a surface
This paper presents a modified PSO algorithm that utilizes the PSO with double chaotic maps to solve the Economic Ordered Quantity (EOQ) problem with different cost functions. In proposed approach, we employ the PSO method that involves... more
This paper presents a modified PSO algorithm that utilizes the PSO with double chaotic
maps to solve the Economic Ordered Quantity (EOQ) problem with different cost functions. In proposed
approach, we employ the PSO method that involves the alternating use of chaotic maps in estimating the
velocity of the particle. Presently the PSO method has been widely used in complex designs problems with
multiple variables where the optimization of a cost function is required. The use of pure analytical method
for the Economic Ordered Quantity (EOQ) problem is widely studies however the best solution may
require problem dependent derivations, complex mathematical calculations and at the worst it fails to
achieve global best solution, hence to overcome the problem this paper presents a different approach by
using PSO with irregular velocity updates which is performed by some kind of random function which
force the particles to search greater space for best global solution. However the random function itself
derived from a well-defined mathematical expression which limits its redundancy hence in the paper we
are utilizing the two different chaotic maps which are used alternatively this mathematically increased the
randomness of the function. The simulation of the algorithm verifies the effectiveness and superiority of
the algorithm over standard algorithms.
maps to solve the Economic Ordered Quantity (EOQ) problem with different cost functions. In proposed
approach, we employ the PSO method that involves the alternating use of chaotic maps in estimating the
velocity of the particle. Presently the PSO method has been widely used in complex designs problems with
multiple variables where the optimization of a cost function is required. The use of pure analytical method
for the Economic Ordered Quantity (EOQ) problem is widely studies however the best solution may
require problem dependent derivations, complex mathematical calculations and at the worst it fails to
achieve global best solution, hence to overcome the problem this paper presents a different approach by
using PSO with irregular velocity updates which is performed by some kind of random function which
force the particles to search greater space for best global solution. However the random function itself
derived from a well-defined mathematical expression which limits its redundancy hence in the paper we
are utilizing the two different chaotic maps which are used alternatively this mathematically increased the
randomness of the function. The simulation of the algorithm verifies the effectiveness and superiority of
the algorithm over standard algorithms.
The work deals with the study of unsteady motion of a dusty fluid through a uniform pipe with sector of a circle as cross-section, the fluid and the dust particle clouds are static at the influence of time of the flow is dependent to the... more
The work deals with the study of unsteady motion of a dusty fluid through a
uniform pipe with sector of a circle as cross-section, the fluid and the dust particle clouds are
static at the influence of time of the flow is dependent to the pressure gradient. We get the
solution by analysis of the partial differential equation by variable separable method and Laplace
transform. Finally with the aid of graph, the results had been analyzed
uniform pipe with sector of a circle as cross-section, the fluid and the dust particle clouds are
static at the influence of time of the flow is dependent to the pressure gradient. We get the
solution by analysis of the partial differential equation by variable separable method and Laplace
transform. Finally with the aid of graph, the results had been analyzed
A biorthogonal wavelet packets associated with nonuniform multiresoltion analysis (NUMRA) was introduced by Firdous shah, In this paper we generalize and define the biorthogonal nonuniform multiwavelet packets associated by nonuniform... more
A biorthogonal wavelet packets associated with nonuniform multiresoltion analysis
(NUMRA) was introduced by Firdous shah, In this paper we generalize and define the biorthogonal
nonuniform multiwavelet packets associated by nonuniform multiresolution analysis with multiplicity D
(NUMRA-D). Further from the meaning of Fourier transform we study their characteristics
(NUMRA) was introduced by Firdous shah, In this paper we generalize and define the biorthogonal
nonuniform multiwavelet packets associated by nonuniform multiresolution analysis with multiplicity D
(NUMRA-D). Further from the meaning of Fourier transform we study their characteristics
This paper presents an efficient method for spectrum allocation that uses Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and heuristics. In elastic networks, the WDM rigid frequency grid is replaced by a more flexible structure, where the spectrum is... more
This paper presents an efficient method for spectrum allocation that uses Integer Linear
Programming (ILP) and heuristics. In elastic networks, the WDM rigid frequency grid is replaced by a
more flexible structure, where the spectrum is organized in frequency slots, and each traffic flow is
assigned to an appropriate set of contiguous slots. This new concept, which is based on Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), is known as Spectrum-Sliced Elastic Optical Path Network
(SLICE). In this paper a mathematical formulation and two heuristics are proposed to conveniently route
the traffic demand in SLICE Networks. Numerical simulations were performed with the mathematical
formulation for small networks, whereas the heuristics were used in large networks, where the processing
of mathematical formulation becomes intense. The results suggest the advantage in terms of spectrum
economy of the proposed method.
Programming (ILP) and heuristics. In elastic networks, the WDM rigid frequency grid is replaced by a
more flexible structure, where the spectrum is organized in frequency slots, and each traffic flow is
assigned to an appropriate set of contiguous slots. This new concept, which is based on Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), is known as Spectrum-Sliced Elastic Optical Path Network
(SLICE). In this paper a mathematical formulation and two heuristics are proposed to conveniently route
the traffic demand in SLICE Networks. Numerical simulations were performed with the mathematical
formulation for small networks, whereas the heuristics were used in large networks, where the processing
of mathematical formulation becomes intense. The results suggest the advantage in terms of spectrum
economy of the proposed method.
Recent advances in wireless networks have prompted much research attention in the area of wireless sensor network (WSN). Sensor network consists of hundreds to thousands of low power multifunctioning sensor nodes operating in hostile... more
Recent advances in wireless networks have prompted much research attention in the area of
wireless sensor network (WSN). Sensor network consists of hundreds to thousands of low power
multifunctioning sensor nodes operating in hostile environment with limited computational and sensing
capabilities. In WSN it is critical to collect the information in an efficient manner. In order to avoid this
problem we propose a new technique of improved AODV routing using least cost path. It provides energy
aware, data gathering routing structure in wireless sensor networks. It can avoid network congestion and
fast consumption of energy of individual node. Then it can prolong the life cycle of the whole network. The
main goal is to maintain the maximum lifetime of the network, during data transmission in an efficient
manner. This paper defines implementation of WSN and comparison of its performance with AODV routing
protocol based on the least cost path. The implementation is done in NS2.
wireless sensor network (WSN). Sensor network consists of hundreds to thousands of low power
multifunctioning sensor nodes operating in hostile environment with limited computational and sensing
capabilities. In WSN it is critical to collect the information in an efficient manner. In order to avoid this
problem we propose a new technique of improved AODV routing using least cost path. It provides energy
aware, data gathering routing structure in wireless sensor networks. It can avoid network congestion and
fast consumption of energy of individual node. Then it can prolong the life cycle of the whole network. The
main goal is to maintain the maximum lifetime of the network, during data transmission in an efficient
manner. This paper defines implementation of WSN and comparison of its performance with AODV routing
protocol based on the least cost path. The implementation is done in NS2.
An analysis is performed to study the effect of viscous dissipation on unsteady flow past an oscillating infinite vertical plate through porous medium with variable temperature, heat and mass transfer. The non- linear, coupled partial... more
An analysis is performed to study the effect of viscous dissipation on unsteady flow past an
oscillating infinite vertical plate through porous medium with variable temperature, heat and mass
transfer. The non- linear, coupled partial differential equations together with boundary condition are
reduced to dimensionless form. The governing equations are solved numerically using implicit finite
difference scheme of Crank-Nicolson. The results are obtained for Velocity, Temperature, and
Concentration profiles for different physical parameters like Phase angle, Thermal Grashof number,
Modified Grashof number, Permeability parameter, Eckert number, Prandtl number, Schmidt number and
time. It is observed that heat and mass transfer, viscous dissipation and porous medium affect the flow
pattern significantly.
oscillating infinite vertical plate through porous medium with variable temperature, heat and mass
transfer. The non- linear, coupled partial differential equations together with boundary condition are
reduced to dimensionless form. The governing equations are solved numerically using implicit finite
difference scheme of Crank-Nicolson. The results are obtained for Velocity, Temperature, and
Concentration profiles for different physical parameters like Phase angle, Thermal Grashof number,
Modified Grashof number, Permeability parameter, Eckert number, Prandtl number, Schmidt number and
time. It is observed that heat and mass transfer, viscous dissipation and porous medium affect the flow
pattern significantly.
The increasing use of medium voltage drives and high power equipment required to detailed study on switching method and topology of multi-level inverters. In Asymmetric Cascaded HBridge topologies that have unequal input dc voltages and... more
The increasing use of medium voltage drives and high power equipment required to
detailed study on switching method and topology of multi-level inverters. In Asymmetric Cascaded HBridge
topologies that have unequal input dc voltages and different devices in various parts of the CHB
inverter, signify significant improvements for medium-voltage industrial drives. A number of modulation
strategies are used in multi-level power conversion applications. In multi-carrier switching method for
asymmetric CHB, the number of subject switches is less than carriers and usually is used off-line switching
method. They’re not applicable for closed-loop systems. In this study, introduce equations for combine the
PWMs to use the controllability advantage of the multi-carrier method in asymmetric topology. This
method compared with the possible level shifted based on three parameters modulation index, frequency
index and output voltage THD and finally obtain the best THD for it.
detailed study on switching method and topology of multi-level inverters. In Asymmetric Cascaded HBridge
topologies that have unequal input dc voltages and different devices in various parts of the CHB
inverter, signify significant improvements for medium-voltage industrial drives. A number of modulation
strategies are used in multi-level power conversion applications. In multi-carrier switching method for
asymmetric CHB, the number of subject switches is less than carriers and usually is used off-line switching
method. They’re not applicable for closed-loop systems. In this study, introduce equations for combine the
PWMs to use the controllability advantage of the multi-carrier method in asymmetric topology. This
method compared with the possible level shifted based on three parameters modulation index, frequency
index and output voltage THD and finally obtain the best THD for it.
This research paper constitutes the analysis of mechanical properties of Carbon fiber polymer composite material with +/- 0° to 900 orientation used as implant material. From this research work Characterization of 10% weight fraction of... more
This research paper constitutes the analysis of mechanical properties of Carbon fiber
polymer composite material with +/- 0° to 900
orientation used as implant material. From this research work
Characterization of 10% weight fraction of carbon fiber as reinforcement with epoxy resin as matrix and
ceramic powder as a filler material and the composite materials are manufactured by using Vacuum bag
moulding method and specimens are prepared according to ASTM standards and mechanical tests are
carried out for these specimens and compare with femur bone prosthesis and finally we will suggest this
material for Bio medical field application.
polymer composite material with +/- 0° to 900
orientation used as implant material. From this research work
Characterization of 10% weight fraction of carbon fiber as reinforcement with epoxy resin as matrix and
ceramic powder as a filler material and the composite materials are manufactured by using Vacuum bag
moulding method and specimens are prepared according to ASTM standards and mechanical tests are
carried out for these specimens and compare with femur bone prosthesis and finally we will suggest this
material for Bio medical field application.
The research aims to identify the reality of the application of total quality management in Irbid National University from the standpoint of academics, through requirements, organizational culture, academic situations, administrative and... more
The research aims to identify the reality of the application of total quality management in
Irbid National University from the standpoint of academics, through requirements, organizational culture,
academic situations, administrative and financial conditions, and also to achieve a high level of quality in
the university and its applications in Irbid National University.
The study population consisted of all academics in Irbid National University, the tool was questionnaire,
using (SPSS) to analyses questionnaire as averages, standard deviations, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient
to verify the stability of the areas of study and performance as a whole, , all hypotheses was test and the
result indicated all hypotheses were rejected because there are appositive relationship and statistically
significant between all variables. The researcher has put conclusion and recommendations.
Irbid National University from the standpoint of academics, through requirements, organizational culture,
academic situations, administrative and financial conditions, and also to achieve a high level of quality in
the university and its applications in Irbid National University.
The study population consisted of all academics in Irbid National University, the tool was questionnaire,
using (SPSS) to analyses questionnaire as averages, standard deviations, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient
to verify the stability of the areas of study and performance as a whole, , all hypotheses was test and the
result indicated all hypotheses were rejected because there are appositive relationship and statistically
significant between all variables. The researcher has put conclusion and recommendations.
The present study focuses on the removal of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) from the effluents of Fish processing industry using a laboratory scale model of Fluidized Bed Bioreactor(FBBR) using MBBR media... more
The present study focuses on the removal of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) from the effluents of Fish processing industry using a laboratory scale
model of Fluidized Bed Bioreactor(FBBR) using MBBR media (plastic), Pumice stones and Foam Pieces of
uniform shape and size chosen as three different bed materials. An arrangement for sending compressed
air is provided at the bottom of the columns. The effluent from Fish processing unit is taken as stock
solution for conducting the study. The experiment is conducted over a period of 3 weeks, till the reactor
gets stabilized and a maximum rate of percent removal of BOD and COD are obtained. The experimental
data is analyzed and the results are presented in suitable formats. From the study involving reaction rate
kinetics and microbial growth kinetics it is observed that, the bio-kinetic reactions taking place in the
reactor conform to First order rate of reactions and the Foam Pieces proved to be better for the removal of
BOD and COD, out of the three bed materials chosen for the study.
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) from the effluents of Fish processing industry using a laboratory scale
model of Fluidized Bed Bioreactor(FBBR) using MBBR media (plastic), Pumice stones and Foam Pieces of
uniform shape and size chosen as three different bed materials. An arrangement for sending compressed
air is provided at the bottom of the columns. The effluent from Fish processing unit is taken as stock
solution for conducting the study. The experiment is conducted over a period of 3 weeks, till the reactor
gets stabilized and a maximum rate of percent removal of BOD and COD are obtained. The experimental
data is analyzed and the results are presented in suitable formats. From the study involving reaction rate
kinetics and microbial growth kinetics it is observed that, the bio-kinetic reactions taking place in the
reactor conform to First order rate of reactions and the Foam Pieces proved to be better for the removal of
BOD and COD, out of the three bed materials chosen for the study.
Sensor networks are collection of sensor nodes which co-operatively send sensed data to base station. Clustering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an important technique to ease topology management and routing. Clustering provides an... more
Sensor networks are collection of sensor nodes which co-operatively send sensed data to
base station. Clustering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an important technique to ease topology
management and routing. Clustering provides an effective method for prolonging lifetime of a WSN. The
different clustering algorithms also differ in their objectives. This paper proposes energy efficient clustering
schemes for wireless sensor networks. Clustering sensor nodes into small groups is an effective method to
achieve scalability, fault tolerance, load balancing, routing etc. The simulation results demonstrate the
effectiveness of proposed protocol in term of energy and routing ovrhead.
base station. Clustering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an important technique to ease topology
management and routing. Clustering provides an effective method for prolonging lifetime of a WSN. The
different clustering algorithms also differ in their objectives. This paper proposes energy efficient clustering
schemes for wireless sensor networks. Clustering sensor nodes into small groups is an effective method to
achieve scalability, fault tolerance, load balancing, routing etc. The simulation results demonstrate the
effectiveness of proposed protocol in term of energy and routing ovrhead.
This review paper define the way of fraud detection with the help of data mining techniques which summaries from different type of known fraud. Fraud detection includes monitoring of the behavior of user. Fraud is million dollar business... more
This review paper define the way of fraud detection with the help of data mining techniques
which summaries from different type of known fraud. Fraud detection includes monitoring of the behavior
of user. Fraud is million dollar business and which increase every year very rapidly. This paper defines the
techniques used for fraud detection.
which summaries from different type of known fraud. Fraud detection includes monitoring of the behavior
of user. Fraud is million dollar business and which increase every year very rapidly. This paper defines the
techniques used for fraud detection.
Chronic Kidney Disease prediction is one of the most important issues in medical decision making. The discovery of ckd prediction is an important task because it depends on experts of doctor knowledge. Construct effective ckd prediction... more
Chronic Kidney Disease prediction is one of the most important issues in medical decision
making. The discovery of ckd prediction is an important task because it depends on experts of doctor
knowledge. Construct effective ckd prediction in time is essential to prevent healthy patients. Chronic
kidney disease is one of the leading cause of death and early prediction of chronic kidney disease is
important. Prediction is most interesting and challenging tasks in day to life. Data mining play a essential
role for prediction of medical dataset. It extract unknown information from hidden knowledge. This paper
can proposed a new chronic kidney disease dataset with three classifiers such as radial basis function
network, multilayer perceptron, and logistic regression. The obtained result of this experiment shows in
terms of prediction accuracy, type I error, type II error, type I error rate, type II error rate, sensitivity,
specificity, F-score. Kappa value represents that measure of agreement between the classification made by
the experts and classifiers. Accuracy of the three classifiers are evaluated for the new CDK dataset from
UCI repository. Thus, the paper discussed the result of comparative study of classifiers in medical ckd
dataset.
making. The discovery of ckd prediction is an important task because it depends on experts of doctor
knowledge. Construct effective ckd prediction in time is essential to prevent healthy patients. Chronic
kidney disease is one of the leading cause of death and early prediction of chronic kidney disease is
important. Prediction is most interesting and challenging tasks in day to life. Data mining play a essential
role for prediction of medical dataset. It extract unknown information from hidden knowledge. This paper
can proposed a new chronic kidney disease dataset with three classifiers such as radial basis function
network, multilayer perceptron, and logistic regression. The obtained result of this experiment shows in
terms of prediction accuracy, type I error, type II error, type I error rate, type II error rate, sensitivity,
specificity, F-score. Kappa value represents that measure of agreement between the classification made by
the experts and classifiers. Accuracy of the three classifiers are evaluated for the new CDK dataset from
UCI repository. Thus, the paper discussed the result of comparative study of classifiers in medical ckd
dataset.
The aim of this experimental study is to assess the combined effects of using nano silica (NS) and steel fibers (SF) on the workability of fresh concrete and mechanical properties of hardened concrete. NS is used as partial cement... more
The aim of this experimental study is to assess the combined effects of using nano silica
(NS) and steel fibers (SF) on the workability of fresh concrete and mechanical properties of hardened
concrete. NS is used as partial cement replacement by 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 wt. %, and SF is used as volume
substitution by 0.45, 0.9, and 1.35 %. Slump, compressive strength at 7 and 28 days of age, modulus of
elasticity and flexural strength are evaluated using different combinations between NS and SF. Thermogravimetric
analysis (TGA) is provided for detecting changes in hydration material due to the addition of
NS. Significant improvement in the mechanical properties of concrete on using NS and SF, addition of NS
not only act as pozzolanic additive, but also as pore filling leading to reduces the pore size structure of
concrete. Optimum content of NS is (1.5 – 2) wt. % improves compressive strength for samples with
various SF content. On the other hand, it can be stated that more than 2 wt. % NS leads to decrease
compressive strength as unreacted agglomerated nanoparticles are existed when large amount of NS are
used. Utilizing 2 wt. % NS with 0.9 % SF leads to doubling the modulus of elasticity compared to samples
without either NS or SF. Finally, Flexural strength is improved 87.7 % for samples of 2 wt. % NS and 1.35
% SF compared to samples without NS and SF.
(NS) and steel fibers (SF) on the workability of fresh concrete and mechanical properties of hardened
concrete. NS is used as partial cement replacement by 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 wt. %, and SF is used as volume
substitution by 0.45, 0.9, and 1.35 %. Slump, compressive strength at 7 and 28 days of age, modulus of
elasticity and flexural strength are evaluated using different combinations between NS and SF. Thermogravimetric
analysis (TGA) is provided for detecting changes in hydration material due to the addition of
NS. Significant improvement in the mechanical properties of concrete on using NS and SF, addition of NS
not only act as pozzolanic additive, but also as pore filling leading to reduces the pore size structure of
concrete. Optimum content of NS is (1.5 – 2) wt. % improves compressive strength for samples with
various SF content. On the other hand, it can be stated that more than 2 wt. % NS leads to decrease
compressive strength as unreacted agglomerated nanoparticles are existed when large amount of NS are
used. Utilizing 2 wt. % NS with 0.9 % SF leads to doubling the modulus of elasticity compared to samples
without either NS or SF. Finally, Flexural strength is improved 87.7 % for samples of 2 wt. % NS and 1.35
% SF compared to samples without NS and SF.
This paper describes a waitress robot which is delivered as a part of smart restaurant. Robotics is the branch of electronics that deals with the design, construction, operation and application of robots and computer systems for their... more
This paper describes a waitress robot which is delivered as a part of smart restaurant.
Robotics is the branch of electronics that deals with the design, construction, operation and application of
robots and computer systems for their control, sensory feedback and information processing. This robot is
designed to take order and to deliver the order from counter to the customer. System works on the concept
of line follower. The robot can deliver different messages intelligently and can sense any object within
1metre. The design is integrated with different sensor modules, motors and ICs to achieve the desired goal.
Robotics is the branch of electronics that deals with the design, construction, operation and application of
robots and computer systems for their control, sensory feedback and information processing. This robot is
designed to take order and to deliver the order from counter to the customer. System works on the concept
of line follower. The robot can deliver different messages intelligently and can sense any object within
1metre. The design is integrated with different sensor modules, motors and ICs to achieve the desired goal.
The Compressive strength and water permeability are experimentally evaluated on steel fiber (SF) reinforced concrete incorporated by nano silica (NS). NS is used as partial cement replacement by 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 wt%, and SF is used as... more
The Compressive strength and water permeability are experimentally evaluated on steel
fiber (SF) reinforced concrete incorporated by nano silica (NS). NS is used as partial cement replacement
by 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 wt%, and SF is used as volume substitution by 0.45, 0.9, and 1.35%. Scanning electron
micrograph (SEM) is conducted for characterizing the concrete mixtures. Significant improvement in
compressive strength of concrete by using both NS and SF, addition of NS can act as pozzolanic additive,
and also as pore filling leading to reduce the pore size structure of concrete, hence increase in water
permeability resistance by using NS is observed. Optimum content of NS is 2 wt% improves compressive
strength for samples with 0% SF, 0.9% SF and 1.35% SF about 39%, 125% and 115% respectively
compared to samples without either NS or SF. Optimum NS content of 4 wt% improved water permeability
resistance compared to samples without NS.
fiber (SF) reinforced concrete incorporated by nano silica (NS). NS is used as partial cement replacement
by 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 wt%, and SF is used as volume substitution by 0.45, 0.9, and 1.35%. Scanning electron
micrograph (SEM) is conducted for characterizing the concrete mixtures. Significant improvement in
compressive strength of concrete by using both NS and SF, addition of NS can act as pozzolanic additive,
and also as pore filling leading to reduce the pore size structure of concrete, hence increase in water
permeability resistance by using NS is observed. Optimum content of NS is 2 wt% improves compressive
strength for samples with 0% SF, 0.9% SF and 1.35% SF about 39%, 125% and 115% respectively
compared to samples without either NS or SF. Optimum NS content of 4 wt% improved water permeability
resistance compared to samples without NS.
Today many industries use CNC machines for production of complicated parts, contouring operations etc. This paper represents the role of CAD/CAM tool for the manufacturing and modeling of K1- Connector which is part of two wheeler... more
Today many industries use CNC machines for production of complicated parts, contouring
operations etc. This paper represents the role of CAD/CAM tool for the manufacturing and modeling of K1-
Connector which is part of two wheeler silencer comparative study has been carried out between the part code
generated by CAM systems and one part program generated by manual part programming method. Considering
various parameters like tool paths, cycle time, power consumption and productivity. the sample part is produced
using the same machine tool, tooling and process parameters, and of productivity, cycle time and power
consumed by the machine is measured by considering various tool paths like linear zig, zig-zag, zig with
counter, step turning, and current tool path followed by operator (Manual Part Programming). The results
shows that there is a considerable variation between cycle time, power consumption and production rate,
between CAM tools and Manual Part Programming. In this project work after comparing the above tool path
for part programming the zig-zag tool path generation strategy is suggested as it take minimum cycle time and
power consumption to produce part and as well as increase in production rate of the machine
operations etc. This paper represents the role of CAD/CAM tool for the manufacturing and modeling of K1-
Connector which is part of two wheeler silencer comparative study has been carried out between the part code
generated by CAM systems and one part program generated by manual part programming method. Considering
various parameters like tool paths, cycle time, power consumption and productivity. the sample part is produced
using the same machine tool, tooling and process parameters, and of productivity, cycle time and power
consumed by the machine is measured by considering various tool paths like linear zig, zig-zag, zig with
counter, step turning, and current tool path followed by operator (Manual Part Programming). The results
shows that there is a considerable variation between cycle time, power consumption and production rate,
between CAM tools and Manual Part Programming. In this project work after comparing the above tool path
for part programming the zig-zag tool path generation strategy is suggested as it take minimum cycle time and
power consumption to produce part and as well as increase in production rate of the machine
This paper presents the effect of reinforcement inclusions (geogrids) on the sand dunes bearing capacity under strip footings. In this study the effectof the first geogrid reinforcementdepth (u/B) and its length (L/B) on the bearing... more
This paper presents the effect of reinforcement inclusions (geogrids) on the sand dunes
bearing capacity under strip footings. In this study the effectof the first geogrid reinforcementdepth (u/B)
and its length (L/B) on the bearing capacity will be investigated. Unreinforced bases will also be tested for
comparison purposes and determining the bearing capacity ratio (BCR). The results are analyzed to find
relationships between the bearing capacity and the geogrid parameters. Laboratory model tests will be
carried out on the soil (Sand Dunes) and the inclusion material (geogrid). Experimental work will be
carried out on reinforced soil mass to study the interaction between the soil and the geogrid. The results
show that the bearing capacity of rigid strip footings on sand dunes can be intensively increased by the
inclusion of geogrid layers in the ground, and that the magnitude of bearing capacity increase depends
greatly on the geogrid depth (u/B) and length (L/B). It is also shown that the load-settlement behavior and
bearing capacity of the rigid footing can be considerably improved by the inclusion of geogrid at the
appropriate location.
bearing capacity under strip footings. In this study the effectof the first geogrid reinforcementdepth (u/B)
and its length (L/B) on the bearing capacity will be investigated. Unreinforced bases will also be tested for
comparison purposes and determining the bearing capacity ratio (BCR). The results are analyzed to find
relationships between the bearing capacity and the geogrid parameters. Laboratory model tests will be
carried out on the soil (Sand Dunes) and the inclusion material (geogrid). Experimental work will be
carried out on reinforced soil mass to study the interaction between the soil and the geogrid. The results
show that the bearing capacity of rigid strip footings on sand dunes can be intensively increased by the
inclusion of geogrid layers in the ground, and that the magnitude of bearing capacity increase depends
greatly on the geogrid depth (u/B) and length (L/B). It is also shown that the load-settlement behavior and
bearing capacity of the rigid footing can be considerably improved by the inclusion of geogrid at the
appropriate location.
Graph theory finds its enormous applications in various diverse fields. Its applications are evolving as it is perfect natural model and able to solve the problems in a unique way.Several disciplines even though speak about graph theory... more
Graph theory finds its enormous applications in various diverse fields. Its applications are
evolving as it is perfect natural model and able to solve the problems in a unique way.Several disciplines
even though speak about graph theory that is only in wider context. This paper pinpoints the applications of
Bipartite graph in diverse field with a more points stressed on cloud computing.
evolving as it is perfect natural model and able to solve the problems in a unique way.Several disciplines
even though speak about graph theory that is only in wider context. This paper pinpoints the applications of
Bipartite graph in diverse field with a more points stressed on cloud computing.
The purpose of this research and development project is to develop a wound dressing which continuously measures the pH value and temperature value parameters of a wound for use in veterinary medicine. The measured parameters should be... more
The purpose of this research and development project is to develop a wound dressing which
continuously measures the pH value and temperature value parameters of a wound for use in veterinary
medicine. The measured parameters should be sent to mobile phones and personal computers via
Bluetooth. The pH value and temperature value are important parameters used in assessing the healing
success of a wound. This section, Part 1, describes the difficulties associated with laboratory tests using an
ISFET sensor and the laboratory simulation of wound ichor.
continuously measures the pH value and temperature value parameters of a wound for use in veterinary
medicine. The measured parameters should be sent to mobile phones and personal computers via
Bluetooth. The pH value and temperature value are important parameters used in assessing the healing
success of a wound. This section, Part 1, describes the difficulties associated with laboratory tests using an
ISFET sensor and the laboratory simulation of wound ichor.
The purpose of this study is to simulate experimental study with computational fluid dynamics study for validation the Geometrical model is developed from literature for simulation. Geometrical model creation and meshing is done by ANSYS... more
The purpose of this study is to simulate experimental study with computational fluid
dynamics study for validation the Geometrical model is developed from literature for simulation.
Geometrical model creation and meshing is done by ANSYS Workbench 12.1. That’s why it is important
to design the heat exchanger in such a way that it can give best performance so that optimum
effectiveness can be achieved. Conventionally the models of large size heat exchanger are tested and
analysed in the laboratory to determine their performance characteristics. This is a time consuming and
costly process. High computing facility along with these of numerical techniques can give the solution to
any fluid flow problem in a lesser time. Fluid flow and heat transfer are simulated and get result of
effectiveness of heat exchanger when hot water mass flow rate is kept constant and cold water mass flow
rate changer. where Input parameter are inlet velocity, temperature, rate of fluid flow for hot fluid flow in
(LPH) and rate of fluid flow for cold fluid in (LPH) Measured parameter are hot fluid outlet temperature,
cold fluid out let temperature, heat taken by cold fluid, heat given by hot fluid, change in temperature in
hot fluid as well cold fluid for parallel flow, counter flow arrangement of Helical coil and Straight tube
heat exchangers. Model validation is carried out by comparing the effectiveness from experimental result
from the literature
dynamics study for validation the Geometrical model is developed from literature for simulation.
Geometrical model creation and meshing is done by ANSYS Workbench 12.1. That’s why it is important
to design the heat exchanger in such a way that it can give best performance so that optimum
effectiveness can be achieved. Conventionally the models of large size heat exchanger are tested and
analysed in the laboratory to determine their performance characteristics. This is a time consuming and
costly process. High computing facility along with these of numerical techniques can give the solution to
any fluid flow problem in a lesser time. Fluid flow and heat transfer are simulated and get result of
effectiveness of heat exchanger when hot water mass flow rate is kept constant and cold water mass flow
rate changer. where Input parameter are inlet velocity, temperature, rate of fluid flow for hot fluid flow in
(LPH) and rate of fluid flow for cold fluid in (LPH) Measured parameter are hot fluid outlet temperature,
cold fluid out let temperature, heat taken by cold fluid, heat given by hot fluid, change in temperature in
hot fluid as well cold fluid for parallel flow, counter flow arrangement of Helical coil and Straight tube
heat exchangers. Model validation is carried out by comparing the effectiveness from experimental result
from the literature
This paper presents a speech enhancement algorithm using a one-microphone for automatic speech recognition system. Speech signal received in an enclosed room is distorted by reflections from walls and other objectives. This distortion... more
This paper presents a speech enhancement algorithm using a one-microphone for
automatic speech recognition system. Speech signal received in an enclosed room is distorted by reflections
from walls and other objectives. This distortion effect named as “reverberation” degrades the fidelity and
intelligibility of input speech in acoustic systems such as hand-free conference telephones and automatic
speech recognition. In this project, we consider the importance effect of reverberation on speech signal
which is referred to as overlap masking, i.e. the energy of the previous phonemes is smeared over time, and
overlaps following phonemes. To reduce this effect, we introduced a one-microphone speech
dereverberation algorithm based on spectral subtraction. After processing of spectral subtraction, a residue
reverberation still fills some of the silent gaps right after high-intensity speech sections. Therefore, we
employ a Voice Activity Detector (VAD) using spectral entropy and then attenuate these silent gaps. After
the process the signal will be encoded by the DPCM coding.
automatic speech recognition system. Speech signal received in an enclosed room is distorted by reflections
from walls and other objectives. This distortion effect named as “reverberation” degrades the fidelity and
intelligibility of input speech in acoustic systems such as hand-free conference telephones and automatic
speech recognition. In this project, we consider the importance effect of reverberation on speech signal
which is referred to as overlap masking, i.e. the energy of the previous phonemes is smeared over time, and
overlaps following phonemes. To reduce this effect, we introduced a one-microphone speech
dereverberation algorithm based on spectral subtraction. After processing of spectral subtraction, a residue
reverberation still fills some of the silent gaps right after high-intensity speech sections. Therefore, we
employ a Voice Activity Detector (VAD) using spectral entropy and then attenuate these silent gaps. After
the process the signal will be encoded by the DPCM coding.
This paper proposes a methodology to evaluates the potential of acid rock drainage (ARD) in some gold mines of Brazilian ferriferous quadrangle. A program of sampling was developed to characterize geochemically the ores and wastes in... more
This paper proposes a methodology to evaluates the potential of acid rock
drainage (ARD) in some gold mines of Brazilian ferriferous quadrangle. A program of sampling
was developed to characterize geochemically the ores and wastes in minesites and quantify the
potential of acid mine drainage and metal solubility. Were performed analyses by the following
static tests: - saturated paste pH , ABA, NAG, MABA and total and soluble metal analysis. To
compare the results is suggested a tabulation considering a relative weight for each performed
test. In this methodology each test ( ABA, MABA or NAG) was evaluated in a graduated scale
from zero to 100 points totalizing a maximum of 300 points.
drainage (ARD) in some gold mines of Brazilian ferriferous quadrangle. A program of sampling
was developed to characterize geochemically the ores and wastes in minesites and quantify the
potential of acid mine drainage and metal solubility. Were performed analyses by the following
static tests: - saturated paste pH , ABA, NAG, MABA and total and soluble metal analysis. To
compare the results is suggested a tabulation considering a relative weight for each performed
test. In this methodology each test ( ABA, MABA or NAG) was evaluated in a graduated scale
from zero to 100 points totalizing a maximum of 300 points.
Two sets of polymeric composites were formed. The first set included epoxy as matrix , while the second set included unsaturated polyester UP as matrix. The two sets were reinforced with Polyvinyl Chloride PVC at different volume... more
Two sets of polymeric composites were formed. The first set included epoxy as matrix ,
while the second set included unsaturated polyester UP as matrix. The two sets were reinforced with
Polyvinyl Chloride PVC at different volume fractions. Each set was formed into two groups: one was
allowed to cure at room temperature and the other was post cured at 40°C for 4hr . The percent of
reinforcing and the curing temperature can affect the behavior of composites. The epoxy composites is the
highest in hardness and impact strength than unsaturated polyester composites after reinforcing with
thermoplastic material PVC. The best results were reached after post curing at 40°C for 4hr .
while the second set included unsaturated polyester UP as matrix. The two sets were reinforced with
Polyvinyl Chloride PVC at different volume fractions. Each set was formed into two groups: one was
allowed to cure at room temperature and the other was post cured at 40°C for 4hr . The percent of
reinforcing and the curing temperature can affect the behavior of composites. The epoxy composites is the
highest in hardness and impact strength than unsaturated polyester composites after reinforcing with
thermoplastic material PVC. The best results were reached after post curing at 40°C for 4hr .
Track rollers are usually subjected to heavy stresses during guide and launching processes. Design of such roller system to withstand high dynamic loads during guiding and launching processes may lead to massive structure of the launcher... more
Track rollers are usually subjected to heavy stresses during guide and launching processes.
Design of such roller system to withstand high dynamic loads during guiding and launching processes may
lead to massive structure of the launcher such in mobile bridges launchers. The feature-based modeling
technology in computer aided design (CAD) has been widely studied, which greatly facilitates the
manufacture of the design.In this study computer aided engineering (CAE) techniques was used in design of
a smart bridge launcher guide which insure satisfaction distribution of the applied dynamic loads during
launching and enhancing roller systemdesign. Results show that roller systemdesign has significant effect
on rolling resistance and overall launching process
Design of such roller system to withstand high dynamic loads during guiding and launching processes may
lead to massive structure of the launcher such in mobile bridges launchers. The feature-based modeling
technology in computer aided design (CAD) has been widely studied, which greatly facilitates the
manufacture of the design.In this study computer aided engineering (CAE) techniques was used in design of
a smart bridge launcher guide which insure satisfaction distribution of the applied dynamic loads during
launching and enhancing roller systemdesign. Results show that roller systemdesign has significant effect
on rolling resistance and overall launching process
In ancient time there was need of developing some machinery equipment which will lead toreduce the human efforts. Sothis resulted in development of various hand operated machines. These machines fulfilled the basic production needs... more
In ancient time there was need of developing some machinery equipment which will lead
toreduce the human efforts. Sothis resulted in development of various hand operated machines. These
machines fulfilled the basic production needs through lesser human efforts. But in today’scompetitive
world, the company has to always implement new strategies which will help them to linger in the market
and generally the lowest cost producer always wins.As the process of doing business gets more complex
and cumbersome, technology and automation become vital resources for the success and continued growth
of organization.So with this view shearing machine of a new type i.e. electromagnetic shearing machine
was fabricated to overcome all the problems faced by the company in which this project was done. The
results obtained after testing the newlyfabricated machine shown that the performance of machine is better
than manual machine and it can also perform other functions with high accuracy and at low cost.
toreduce the human efforts. Sothis resulted in development of various hand operated machines. These
machines fulfilled the basic production needs through lesser human efforts. But in today’scompetitive
world, the company has to always implement new strategies which will help them to linger in the market
and generally the lowest cost producer always wins.As the process of doing business gets more complex
and cumbersome, technology and automation become vital resources for the success and continued growth
of organization.So with this view shearing machine of a new type i.e. electromagnetic shearing machine
was fabricated to overcome all the problems faced by the company in which this project was done. The
results obtained after testing the newlyfabricated machine shown that the performance of machine is better
than manual machine and it can also perform other functions with high accuracy and at low cost.
In this present study, the abrasive wear is calculated at different loads in the High Carbon Steel blades of Hand Hacksaw. The Wear and change in Height of Teeth is calculated for the blades of High Carbon Steel at different Loads i.e.... more
In this present study, the abrasive wear is calculated at different loads in the High Carbon
Steel blades of Hand Hacksaw. The Wear and change in Height of Teeth is calculated for the blades of High
Carbon Steel at different Loads i.e. 5N,10N,15N and 20N with the help of the experimental Setup prepared.
The wear and change in height of teeth of blades is calculated through Mass Loss and Profile Projector
respectively before and after cutting the given specimen of Mild steel. The result indicates that the wear in
the blades increases with the increase in load and reduction in height of the teeth also increases with
increase in Load.
Steel blades of Hand Hacksaw. The Wear and change in Height of Teeth is calculated for the blades of High
Carbon Steel at different Loads i.e. 5N,10N,15N and 20N with the help of the experimental Setup prepared.
The wear and change in height of teeth of blades is calculated through Mass Loss and Profile Projector
respectively before and after cutting the given specimen of Mild steel. The result indicates that the wear in
the blades increases with the increase in load and reduction in height of the teeth also increases with
increase in Load.
Fractal analysis of macro-grain size distributions in pure-Al and Al-Ti based alloys produced by electrolysis process were comparatively studied. The macro-grain sizes resulting from each macrograph treated with 0.04, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7,... more
Fractal analysis of macro-grain size distributions in pure-Al and Al-Ti based alloys
produced by electrolysis process were comparatively studied. The macro-grain sizes resulting from each
macrograph treated with 0.04, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 12 (mass%) silicon contents were analyzed using
weighted average and a measure of dispersion (variance), which is done by measuring the dispersion of the
shapes of the grains from that of a perfect sphere (β = 1). Spherical grain size results were obtained in
pure-Al with 12% silicon contents and Al-Ti based alloy with 1% silicon contents having sphericity's value
of 0.9952 ± 0.0043 and 0.9989 ± 0.0011 respectively. The analysis revealed that high percentage of silicon
contents in pure-Al produced by electrolysis method favour the growth of macro-grain sizes. On the other
hand, low percentage of silicon contents in Al-Ti based alloy promotes the formation and distribution of
macro-grain sizes
produced by electrolysis process were comparatively studied. The macro-grain sizes resulting from each
macrograph treated with 0.04, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 12 (mass%) silicon contents were analyzed using
weighted average and a measure of dispersion (variance), which is done by measuring the dispersion of the
shapes of the grains from that of a perfect sphere (β = 1). Spherical grain size results were obtained in
pure-Al with 12% silicon contents and Al-Ti based alloy with 1% silicon contents having sphericity's value
of 0.9952 ± 0.0043 and 0.9989 ± 0.0011 respectively. The analysis revealed that high percentage of silicon
contents in pure-Al produced by electrolysis method favour the growth of macro-grain sizes. On the other
hand, low percentage of silicon contents in Al-Ti based alloy promotes the formation and distribution of
macro-grain sizes
Large grid connected synchronous generators are required to be protected from several abnormal operating conditions that are both major and minor in nature. The generating units as such require multiple protection devices to provide... more
Large grid connected synchronous generators are required to be protected from several
abnormal operating conditions that are both major and minor in nature. The generating units as such
require multiple protection devices to provide comprehensive protection against these fault conditions.
Amongst these protection functions, the Anti-motoring (ANSI Code-32) and Abnormal Frequency (ANSI
Code-81) protections are discussed in this paper. The concepts and possible control strategy for
implementation of these protection functions as a part of integrated multifunction generator protection
relay have been outlined and modelled using Matlab Simulink software. The power system used for
simulation was modelled using a separately excited large synchronous generating system connected to a
132 KV, 50 HZ transmission network through a high voltage breaker. The operation and performance of
both of the protection functions have been analysed by simulating time varying output of prime mover and
variable loads on the power system.
abnormal operating conditions that are both major and minor in nature. The generating units as such
require multiple protection devices to provide comprehensive protection against these fault conditions.
Amongst these protection functions, the Anti-motoring (ANSI Code-32) and Abnormal Frequency (ANSI
Code-81) protections are discussed in this paper. The concepts and possible control strategy for
implementation of these protection functions as a part of integrated multifunction generator protection
relay have been outlined and modelled using Matlab Simulink software. The power system used for
simulation was modelled using a separately excited large synchronous generating system connected to a
132 KV, 50 HZ transmission network through a high voltage breaker. The operation and performance of
both of the protection functions have been analysed by simulating time varying output of prime mover and
variable loads on the power system.
This paper discusses the comparative study of the existing GETCO’S (Gujarat Energy Transmission Co.) 400 KV 3-phase double circuit line, up-rated with Six-phase with different loading conditions, and voltage ratings with respect to... more
This paper discusses the comparative study of the existing GETCO’S (Gujarat Energy
Transmission Co.) 400 KV 3-phase double circuit line, up-rated with Six-phase with different loading
conditions, and voltage ratings with respect to transmission line efficiency, regulation and SIL with a
discussion on the salient points of Six-phase system with respect to 3-phase double circuit line and HVDC
transmission system. By using HPOTS the transmission capability of 3-phase double circuit can be
enhanced by 1.71 to 1.74 times or for the same amount of power transfer we require compact tower
design, reveals in saving in tower and foundation cost at the same time it will mitigate the problem of right
of way. While studying the effectiveness of series compensation to improve voltage regulation and power
transfer capability of HPOTS it’s observed that the net transfer reactance depends on “Degree
Compensation”, “location” of the compensation bank, line length and the number of banks over which
series compensation is distributed. The series compensation was found to be most effective at midpoint of
the line but if we count the line resistance then the said position will shift slightly towards receiving end.
The result obtained is graphically plotted for readers’ ease.
Transmission Co.) 400 KV 3-phase double circuit line, up-rated with Six-phase with different loading
conditions, and voltage ratings with respect to transmission line efficiency, regulation and SIL with a
discussion on the salient points of Six-phase system with respect to 3-phase double circuit line and HVDC
transmission system. By using HPOTS the transmission capability of 3-phase double circuit can be
enhanced by 1.71 to 1.74 times or for the same amount of power transfer we require compact tower
design, reveals in saving in tower and foundation cost at the same time it will mitigate the problem of right
of way. While studying the effectiveness of series compensation to improve voltage regulation and power
transfer capability of HPOTS it’s observed that the net transfer reactance depends on “Degree
Compensation”, “location” of the compensation bank, line length and the number of banks over which
series compensation is distributed. The series compensation was found to be most effective at midpoint of
the line but if we count the line resistance then the said position will shift slightly towards receiving end.
The result obtained is graphically plotted for readers’ ease.
This paper presents a mathematical model for a sequential imperfect preventive maintenance policy which considers stochastic factors affecting the failure rate and service life of a repairable deteriorating system. The failure rate and... more
This paper presents a mathematical model for a sequential imperfect preventive maintenance
policy which considers stochastic factors affecting the failure rate and service life of a repairable
deteriorating system. The failure rate and maintenance expenses depend on a number of influencing factors,
such as the age, condition of the equipment, plant capacity utilization, mode of operation as well as the
applied maintenance concept. With the failure rate following the Weibull distribution, the model investigates
the combination of the age reduction and failure rate increase coefficients to determine the optimal intervals
between preventive maintenance schedules and overhauls in order to minimize the expected costs over an
infinite time horizon. The optimal policies are presented and numerical examples are also given.
policy which considers stochastic factors affecting the failure rate and service life of a repairable
deteriorating system. The failure rate and maintenance expenses depend on a number of influencing factors,
such as the age, condition of the equipment, plant capacity utilization, mode of operation as well as the
applied maintenance concept. With the failure rate following the Weibull distribution, the model investigates
the combination of the age reduction and failure rate increase coefficients to determine the optimal intervals
between preventive maintenance schedules and overhauls in order to minimize the expected costs over an
infinite time horizon. The optimal policies are presented and numerical examples are also given.
To produce the fermented beet juice, the association of the cultures Lactobacillus fermentum 27 and Lactobacillus plantarum 22 was recommended. The conditions for preparing a dried starter from the association of lactic acid bacteria L.... more
To produce the fermented beet juice, the association of the cultures Lactobacillus fermentum
27 and Lactobacillus plantarum 22 was recommended. The conditions for preparing a dried starter from
the association of lactic acid bacteria L. fermentum 27 and L. plantarum 22 have been selected. It was
established that the optimal protective components for freeze drying of the bacteria include 7% glucose
together with 5% dried skimmed milk and a combination of 5% sucrose, 5% lactose, and 5% dried skimmed
milk. The possibility of using beet residues to enhance the antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria has
been demonstrated.
27 and Lactobacillus plantarum 22 was recommended. The conditions for preparing a dried starter from
the association of lactic acid bacteria L. fermentum 27 and L. plantarum 22 have been selected. It was
established that the optimal protective components for freeze drying of the bacteria include 7% glucose
together with 5% dried skimmed milk and a combination of 5% sucrose, 5% lactose, and 5% dried skimmed
milk. The possibility of using beet residues to enhance the antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria has
been demonstrated.